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The research focuses on testing the film cooling effectiveness on a gas turbine blade suction side surface. The test is performed on a five bladed cascade with a blow down facility. Four different blowing ratios are used in this study, which are 0.5, 1.0, 1.6, and 2.0; mainstream flow conditions are maintained at exit Mach number of 0.7, 1.1 and 1.3. Nitrogen is injected as the coolant so that the oxygen concentration levels can be obtained for the test surface. Based on mass transfer analogy, film cooling effectiveness can be computed with pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique. The effect of blowing ratio on film cooling effectiveness is presented for each testing condition. The spanwise averaged effectiveness for each case is also presented to compare the blowing ratio and mainstream effect on film cooling effectiveness. Results show that due to effects of shock, the optimum blowing ratio is 1.6 for exit Mach number of 1.1 and 1.3; however; without the effects of shock, the optimum blowing ratio is 1.0 for exit Mach number of 0.7.

Throughout its history, the American film industry has produced films about women and for women, and three distinct phases may be identified within it: the “woman’s film,” the “new” woman’s film, and the “chick flick.” I assert that the recurring themes and images within the films operate as a mythic framework that intuitively resonates with audiences. In this thesis, I argue that despite seeming progress, women in film remain constrained by traditional mythic archetypes. As mediated images influence the culture, archetypal images of women in film potentially further constrain women’s social progress. This study explores feminine mythic archetypes in films from each phase and demonstrates that first, the era of the woman’s film presents traditional archetypes such as the Mother and the Wife; second, representation becomes more progressive in the new woman’s film of the 1970s through the influence of the women’s movement; third, representations regressed in the chick flick with the onset of postfeminism in the late 1980s; and finally, through the rhetorical function of myth, the films serve a persuasive and explanatory function for audiences.

Electrical properties of thin film have been an issue of interest for a long time and there are many applications in contemporary industry. Interesting characteristics, such as a metal-insulator transition and superconductivity, were investigated and applied to manufacturing of various electrical devices. In this line of study, many experimental techniques have been introduced for precise measurement of the properties of thin film. Quench-condensation is one of the important techniques in the research of thin films. To facilitate this research, we built a quench-condensation apparatus which can be used for a variety of experiments. The apparatus was designed for the fabrication of ultra-thin film and the in-situ measurement at low temperature. The apparatus was shown to operate well for the fabrication of thin films while monitoring the growth in-situ. As a part of the preliminary research, we measured the electrical properties of aluminum thin films at liquid nitrogen temperature by using this apparatus. An investigation of the thickness dependent conduction properties was successively performed in-situ. Experimental data showed agreement with theory, in particular the electrical conduction model of Neugebaur and Webb.

Boiling is the most efficient form of heat transfer. Thermo-fluidic transport mechanisms at different length and time scales govern the nature of boiling. This study was conducted to enhance the understanding of the surface temperature variations and fluctuations during boiling. Microfabricated thin film thermocouples were used in this study. The main aim of this study was to develop a repeatable procedure for fabrication of thin film thermocouples and to test them by measuring surface temperatures during various boiling regimes. Since thin film thermocouples are known to provide reliable measurements at very fast response rates, they were selected for this study. Small temperature fluctuations at high sampling rates were studied in boiling experiments conducted using PF-5060 as the boiling medium. An experimental apparatus was fabricated for conducting these experiments and it contained a viewing chamber whichblock for sensing the temperature during boiling on its surface. The small size of these thermocouples was another big advantage as they were expected to cause minimal interference to the temperature distribution and the transport phenomenon during boiling. This thesis reports the design evolution of the thermocouples according to the need of packaging and describes the fabrication process with sufficient detail so that it can be easily reproduced given the same facilities and environment. The results of testing show that they can be used for monitoring and analyzing surface temperature variations and fluctuations during various boiling regimes with better temporal resolution. housed the copper block used for providing the heat for boiling. The substrate with thin film thermocouples was placed on top of this copper block for sensing the temperature during boiling on its surface. The small size of these thermocouples was another big advantage as they were expected to cause minimal interference to the temperature distribution and the transport phenomenon during boiling. This thesis reports the design evolution of the thermocouples according to the need of packaging and describes the fabrication process with sufficient detail so that it can be easily reproduced given the same facilities and environment. The results of testing show that they can be used for monitoring and analyzing surface temperature variations and fluctuations during various boiling regimes with better temporal resolution.

This investigation analyzes eleven movies made in Mexico about the 1910 Revolution and identifies contradictory elements that allow the films to portray and propagate conservative social and political structures while championing the revolutionary movement and its non-conservative ideals. By endorsing heroic patriarchal figures and structures, reinforcing machismo, and simplifying the ideals and reasons for fighting held by historical figures, the films manage to establish conservative practices while celebrating the revolutionary movement. What follows is a detailed analysis of a number of movies made throughout a fifty year timeline (1934 – 1973). These include El compadre Mendoza (1934), El tesoro de Pancho Villa (1935), Vámonos con Pancho Villa (1936), Los de abajo (1940), Flor silvestre (1943), Si Adelita se fuera con otro (1948), Así era Pancho Villa (1957), La Cucaracha (1959), La soldadera (1967), Caballo prieto azabache (La tumba de Villa) (1968), and Reed, México insurgente (1973).While all three techniques mentioned above do not appear in every movie, at least two of these contradictory methods are visible in each. The consistent reappearance of these techniques creates questions regarding the various social and political reasons for which these contradictions continue to be incorporated into the movie and the reasons for their continued acceptance by the culture. A possible future project that will help to answer these questions is discussed in the conclusion.

The presence of early modern Spanish history in Spanish film has received only limited scholarly attention. The entire group of Spanish films dealing with the Spanish early modern era has never been placed under study by any overarching research. This dissertation reframes the evolution of the cinematographic representation of the Spanish past as it studies the mechanisms employed by Spanish films in representing an essential part of Spanish past: early modernity. Studied are 19 period films that group themselves around some of most representative subjects in early modernity: the Monarchy and Nobility, and the Spanish Inquisition. Studied also is the most expensive Spanish period film, Alatriste (2006). Through the analysis of artistic, industrial, historiographical, and political elements, and the deconstruction of the historical message of each film, as well as the analysis of their reception, it is clear that Spanish period films set in early modernity tell us as much about the time of their making and the shaping of the historical consciousness of Spain as they do about the era that they represent on screen.

The subject of this dissertation is to fabricate a tunable filter for WDM applications using thin film filters (TFFs). The center-wavelength shift of the TFF was obtained by heating up the TFFs. To enhance the thermal effect on the wavelength shift of the filters, the thickness of the TFFs were reduced from 1 mm to a minims thickness of 150£gm. Si benches with etched V-grooves were fabricated for precision positioning of the TFFs after thinning. For a 200 £gm ¡Ñ 200 £gm devices, maximum wavelength shift of 1.248nm was obtained by heating up the filter to 250¢XC. In addition, the wavelength shift due to thinning the substrate of the filters is also discussed.

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Squeeze film dampers (SFDs) with low levels of external pressurization and poor end sealing are prone to air entrapment, thus reducing the damping capability. Furthermore, existing predictive models are too restrictive. Single frequency, unidirectional load and centered circular orbit experiments were conducted on a revamped SFD test rig. The damper journal is 1" in length and 5" in diameter, with nominal clearance of 5 mils (0.127 mm). The SFD feed end is flooded with oil, while the discharge end contains a recirculation groove and four orifice discharge ports to prevent air ingestion. The discharge end is fully sealed with a wave-spring that pushes a seal ring into contact with the SFD journal. The measurements conducted without and with lubricant in the squeeze film lands, along with a frequency domain identification procedure, render the mechanical seal dry-friction force and viscous damping force coefficients as functions of frequency and motion amplitude. The end seal arrangement is quite effective in eliminating side leakage and preventing air entrainment into the film lands. Importantly enough, the dry friction force, arising from the contact forces in relative motion, increases significantly the test element equivalent viscous damping coefficients. The identified system damping coefficients are thus frequency and amplitude of motion dependent, albeit decreasing rapidly as the motion parameters increase. Identified force coefficients, damping and added mass, for the squeeze film damper alone agree very well with predictions based on the full film, short length SFD model.