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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
151

Simulação numerica de processos de fratura em vigas de concreto armado e reforçado com fibras de aço, utilizando a curva tensão-abertura de fissura / Numerical simulation of fracture processes in concrete beams with conventional and steel fiber reinforcements, using the stress-crack opening relationshi

Rosa, Alaor Leandro 17 March 2005 (has links)
Orientador: Jose Luiz Antunes de Oliveira e Sousa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T23:02:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosa_AlaorLeandro_M.pdf: 2119051 bytes, checksum: 8f5c501220a7f5599ce9888da3461e86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Este trabalho enfoca o estudo de processos de fratura em vigas de concreto, concreto reforçado com fibras de aço, concreto armado e concreto armado reforçado com fibras de aço, através da simulação numérica com o código de elementos finitos DIANA. O estudo envolve a área de pesquisa em materiais compósitos à base de cimento, resultantes da adição de fibras de aço descontínuas orientadas aleatoriamente, e a análise numérica de sólidos contendo fissuras. Foram realizadas simulações numéricas de processos de fratura em vigas, sob carregamento monotônico, de acordo com os modelos de fissura discreta (¿discrete crack model¿) e de fissura distribuída (¿smeread crack model¿). As curvas tensão-abertura de fissura (s ¿ ?w), que caracterizam o comportamento do concreto e do concreto reforçado com fibras de aço, após a tensão de tração ser atingida, foram obtidas por retroanálise de vigas entalhadas submetidas ao ensaio de flexão em três pontos. As simulações foram realizadas para comparar resultados numéricos e experimentais de vigas entalhadas carregadas em três pontos e vigas armadas projetadas para ruptura à flexão e ao esforço cortante. Em todos os casos, foram considerados espécimes sem e com adição de fibras de aço / Abstract: This work addresses the study of fracture processes in concrete beams with conventional and steel fiber reinforcements, through numerical simulation with DIANA Finite Element Analysis code. The study include the research area of cementitious material composites, obtained from the addition of discrete and randomly oriented steel fibers to the concrete, and the area of numerical analysis of solids containing cracks. Numerical simulations of fracture processes in beams, subject to flexure and shear under monotonic load, were performed according to the smeared crack model and to the discrete crack model. The stress-crack opening curves (s ¿ ?w), used to characterize the material constitutive behavior of the concrete after tensile stress is reached, were obtained by inverse analysis of notched prismatic specimens subject to three-point-bending tests. The simulations were performed to compare numerical and experimental results from notched three-point-bending specimens and from reinforced beams designed for diagonal shear or flexural failure. Specimens with and without steel fibers were analyzed in all the cases / Mestrado / Estruturas / Mestre em Engenharia Civil
152

Métodos sem malha e método dos elementos finitos generalizados em análise não-linear de estruturas / Meshless Methods and Generalized Finite Element Method in Structural Nonlinear Analysis

Felício Bruzzi Barros 27 March 2002 (has links)
O Método dos Elementos Finitos Generalizados, MEFG, compartilha importantes características dos métodos sem malha. As funções de aproximação do MEFG, atreladas aos pontos nodais, são enriquecidas de modo análogo ao refinamento p realizado no Método das Nuvens hp. Por outro lado, por empregar uma malha de elementos para construir as funções partição da unidade, ele também pode ser entendido como uma forma não convencional do Método dos Elementos Finitos. Neste trabalho, ambas as interpretações são consideradas. Os métodos sem malha, particularmente o Método de Galerkin Livre de Elementos e o Método das Nuvens hp, são introduzidos com o propósito de estabelecer os conceitos fundamentais para a descrição do MEFG. Na seqüência, apresentam-se aplicações numéricas em análise linear e evidenciam-se características que tornam o MEFG interessante para a simulação da propagação de descontinuidades. Após discutir os modelos de dano adotados para representar o comportamento não-linear do material, são introduzidos exemplos de aplicação, inicialmente do Método das Nuvens hp e depois do MEFG, na análise de estruturas de concreto. Os resultados obtidos servem de argumento para a implementação de um procedimento p-adaptativo, particularmente com o MEFG. Propõe-se, então a adaptação do Método dos Resíduos em Elementos Equilibrados à formulação do MEFG. Com vistas ao seu emprego em problemas não-lineares, algumas modificações são introduzidas à formulação do estimador. Mostra-se que a medida obtida para representar o erro, apesar de fundamentada em diversas hipóteses nem sempre possíveis de serem satisfeitas, ainda assim viabiliza a análise não-linear p-adaptativa. Ao final, são enumeradas propostas para a aplicação do MEFG em problemas caracterizados pela propagação de defeitos / The Generalized Finite Element Method, GFEM, shares several features with the so called meshless methods. The approximation functions used in the GFEM are associated with nodal points like in meshless methods. In addition, the enrichment of the approximation spaces can be done in the same fashion as in the meshless hp-Cloud method. On the other hand, the partition of unity used in the GFEM is provided by Lagrangian finite element shape functions. Therefore, this method can also be understood as a variation of the Finite Element Method. Indeed, both interpretations of the GFEM are valid and give unique insights into the method. The meshless character of the GFEM justified the investigation of meshless methods in this work. Among them, the Element Free Galerkin Method and the hp-Cloud Method are described aiming to introduce key concepts of the GFEM formulation. Following that, several linear problems are solved using these three methods. Such linear analysis demonstrates several features of the GFEM and its suitability to simulate propagating discontinuities. Next, damage models employed to model the nonlinear behavior of concrete structures are discussed and numerical analysis using the hp-Cloud Method and the GFEM are presented. The results motivate the implementation of a p-adaptive procedure tailored to the GFEM. The technique adopted is the Equilibrated Element Residual Method. The estimator is modified to take into account nonlinear peculiarities of the problems considered. The hypotheses assumed in the definition of the error measure are sometimes violated. Nonetheless, it is shown that the proposed error indicator is effective for the class of p-adaptive nonlinear analysis investigated. Finally, several suggestions are enumerated considering future applications of the GFEM, specially for the simulation of damage and crack propagation
153

Memória associativa em redes neurais realimentadas / Associative memory in feedback neural networks

Leonardo Garcia Corrêa 17 June 2004 (has links)
Nessa dissertação, é investigado o armazenamento e a recuperação de padrões de forma biologicamente inspirada no cérebro. Os modelos estudados consistiram de redes neurais realimentadas, que tentam modelar certos aspectos dinâmicos do funcionamento do cérebro. Em particular, atenção especial foi dada às Redes Neurais Celulares, que constituem uma versão localmente acoplada do já clássico modelo de Hopfield. Além da análise de estabilidade das redes consideradas, foi realizado um teste com o intuito de avaliar o desempenho de diversos métodos de construção de memórias endereçáveis por conteúdo (memórias associativas) em Redes Neurais Celulares. / In this dissertation we investigate biologically inspired models of pattern storage and retrieval, by means of feedback neural networks. These networks try to model some of the dynamical aspects of brain functioning. The study concentrated in Cellular Neural Networks, a local coupled version of the classical Hopfield model. The research comprised stability analysis of the referred networks, as well as performance tests of various methods for content-addressable (associative) memory design in Cellular Neural Networks.
154

Nonlinear Structural Analysis Using Integrated Force Method

Krishnam Raju, N R B 01 1900 (has links) (PDF)
No description available.
155

A consideração da não-linearidade física no cálculo de flecha em vigas de concreto armado / The consideration of material nonlinearity on the assessment of deflection in reinforced concrete beams

Bandini, Pedro Alexandre Conde, 1987- 27 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Maria Cecilia Amorim Teixeira da Silva, Mario Conrado Cavichia / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T11:54:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bandini_PedroAlexandreConde_M.pdf: 4052076 bytes, checksum: d472c46210a38be12152d6d9d5366659 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: A fim de atender a requisitos de Estados Limites de Serviço, uma estrutura de concreto deve satisfazer critérios, dentre eles o controle de deslocamentos excessivos. As normas de projeto de estruturas de concreto estabelecem limites máximos para flechas em vigas que devem ser verificados em etapa de projeto. Portanto, métodos que estimem os deslocamentos em vigas de concreto armado de maneira satisfatória devem ser utilizados por engenheiros estruturais com o intuito de se projetar estruturas que atendam às condições de segurança e de serviço. No presente trabalho foram desenvolvidos e implementados os procedimentos numéricos FLECHA-0 e FLECHA-T que permitem analisar o comportamento de vigas de seção retangular, bi-apoiadas, de concreto armado submetidas à flexão simples. Os procedimentos consideraram a não-linearidade física para o cálculo de flecha imediata e flecha total, nesta sendo também considerados os efeitos de fluência e retração. Adotou-se a análise da seção transversal em camadas para integração das tensões e obtenção dos esforços internos. A consideração da não-linearidade física foi introduzida através do emprego de modelos constitutivos adequados para concreto e aço, e a colaboração do concreto entre fissuras foi considerada através de modelo de tension-stiffening para o concreto tracionado pós-fissuração em região de tração efetiva. A análise de efeitos diferidos de fluência e retração foi desenvolvida mediante emprego de método para cálculo de curvatura em elementos fletidos. Os procedimentos numéricos foram implementados computacionalmente e foram validados através da comparação com resultados experimentais de vigas ensaiadas à flexão obtidos por outros pesquisadores. Também foram avaliadas as recomendações referentes ao cálculo de flecha em vigas apresentadas pelas normas brasileira e europeia. Devido aos resultados obtidos na análise comparativa a modelos experimentais, procedeu-se uma investigação da influência da taxa de armadura de tração no procedimento para cálculo de flecha imediata em vigas recomendado pela norma brasileira de projeto de estruturas de concreto. Os resultados obtidos pelos procedimentos numéricos desenvolvidos no presente trabalho (FLECHA-0 e FLECHA-T) foram satisfatórios comparados aos experimentais e indicaram que estes podem ser empregados em situações de projeto para verificação de Estado Limite de Serviço de Deformações Excessivas em vigas de concreto armado do grupo I de resistência. A análise da influência da taxa de armadura de tração indicou que pode existir uma limitação ao uso do procedimento recomendado pela norma brasileira para o cálculo de flecha imediata em vigas com taxa de armadura inferior de tração a 0,50% / Abstract: In order to satisfy Serviceability Limits States requirements, a concrete structure must fulfill some criteria; among them is the deflection control. Guidelines for the design of concrete structures set maximum limit to the deflection of beams which ought to be verified at the design stage. Therefore, methods which are able to estimate deflection of reinforced concrete beams satisfactorily should be used by the structural designer in order to design a RC structure that meet safety and serviceability specifications. This work presents the development of numerical procedures called FLECHA-0 and FLECHA-T that allow the assessment of instaneous and long-term (considering creep and shrinkage effects) deflections, respectivly, on reinforced concrete simply supported rectangular beams subjected to bending. A section analysis approach was adopted for the integration of stresses to obtain bending moment and axial load acting on the section and material nonlinearities were introduced by the application of adequate constitutive relations for concrete and steel. The collaboration of concrete in tension between cracks was considered by a tension-stiffening model for post-cracking concrete under tension. The numerical procedures were implemented and their efficiencies were verified by the comparison to experimental results of tested RC beams under bending. Specifications related to the subject, established by the Brazilian and European standards guidelines were also investigated. Due to the results gathered in the comparative analysis to experimental data, an investigation was perfomed to assess the influence of the tension reinforcement ratio on the procedure to estimate instantaneous deflection in beam recommended by the Brazilian concrete structures design standards. The results obtained by the numerical procedures developed in the present work (FLECHA-0 and FLECHA-T) showed to be satisfactory and indicate that such procedures are able to be applied at design situations for the assessment of Deflection Control Serviceability Limit State in reinforced concrete beams of the strength group I. The analysis of the influence of the tension reinforcement ratio indicated that a limitation may exist in the procedure recommended by the Brazilian standards when applied to estimate instantaneous deflection of beams with tension reinforcement ratio lower than 0.50% / Mestrado / Estruturas e Geotécnica / Mestre em Engenharia Civil
156

Determinación de la vulnerabilidad sísmica del Mercado Municipal del Balneario de Pucusana mediante el análisis estático no lineal “pushover”

Estrella Chavez, Juan Jacob, Ochoa Zamalloa, Ángel Jair 26 August 2021 (has links)
Debido al alto peligro de ocurrencia de sismo, al que está expuesto el balneario de Pucusana y el crecimiento poblacional que ha tenido en los últimos años, hace necesario conocer los efectos que producirían un sismo de gran magnitud en esta localidad, según (Silgado, 1978), en el año 1746 ocurrió un sismo de magnitud estimada de 9.0 MW, seguido de un maremoto que destruyó el puerto del callao y según (Tavera, 2008), el área de estudio ocupa una zona de peligro estimado, se espera un sismo de magnitud 8.8 MW, producto de estos estudios se consideró escoger esta localidad como representativa para elaborar un escenario de riesgo sísmico. Ante esta realidad, se hace necesario elaborar escenarios de Riesgo para el balneario de Pucusana. Este trabajo de investigación pretende realizar una mejora a la propuesta realizada por el CENEPRED, en su manual de estimación del riesgo, utilizando el Análisis “PUSHOVER”, mediante la metodología ATC-40, el ASCE41-13 y SEAOC VISION 2000, que permitirá determinar la calidad de la estructura a detalle y compararla con el nivel de peligro de sismo que se tiene producto de los trabajos del proyecto SIRAD 2012. Se ha escogido para realizar este estudio el Mercado Municipal, debido a que es una de las estructuras más importantes del Balneario. Finalmente, el aporte de esta tesis es determinar el nivel de desempeño del mercado municipal de Pucusana, para la determinación del nivel de vulnerabilidad del mismo. / Due to the high danger of earthquake occurrence, to which the Pucusana city is exposed and the population growth that it has had in recent years, it is necessary to know the effects that a large earthquake would produce in this locality, according to (Silgado, 1978 ), in the year 1746 an earthquake of estimated magnitude of 9.0 MW occurred, followed by a tsunami that destroyed the port of Callao and according to (Tavera, 2008), the study area occupies an estimated danger zone, an earthquake of magnitude 8.8 MW, as a result of these studies, it is considered to choose this locality as representative to elaborate a seismic risk scenario. Given this reality, it is necessary to develop Risk scenarios for the Pucusana spa. This research work aims to make an improvement to the proposal made by CENEPRED, in its risk estimation manual, using the “PUSHOVER” Analysis, using the ATC-40 methodology, ASCE41-13 and SEAOC VISION 2000, which will determine the quality of the structure in detail and compare it with the level of earthquake danger that exists as a result of the work of the SIRAD 2012 project. The Municipal Market has been chosen to carry out this study, because it is one of the most important structures in the Spa. Finally, the contribution of this thesis is to determine the level of performance of the municipal market of Pucusana, to determine its level of vulnerability. / Tesis
157

Statická analýza ocelové konstrukce / Static analysis of steel structure

Čejková, Eva January 2019 (has links)
The diploma thesis is focused on the comparison of the linear and nonlinear analysis of the steel structure and the resulting differences in both the numerical results and the time needed to obtain these results These analyzes are performed on a high-rise building, which has 10 floors and is used as an administrative building. Static model construction and calculations are performed in software system from Dlubal RFEM only loads for individual load cases are calculated manually.
158

Analýza zesilování železobetonových desek s ohledem na mezní stav protlačení / Analysis of Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Slabs Against Punching Shear

Nováček, Jan Unknown Date (has links)
The thesis deals with the topic of the punching shear of the reinforced concrete structures with a focus on an additional strengthening. The introduction of the thesis is devoted to the research of various types of strengthening against the punching and their efficiency on an increase of load-bearing capacity. Material nonlinear models are formed for strengthening by an additional concrete head, a slab concrete overlay and a column concrete jacketing. The results from the nonlinear analysis are compared with various standards, including the new generation of Eurocodes. Detailed analysis of an additional concrete head is performed regarding governing inputs, which influence load-bearing capacity. Theoretical assumptions were applied to the design of the additional concrete head, where long-term measurement has been performed for the comparison with the analytical assumptions and the material nonlinear model. The second part of the thesis deals with the strengthening of foundation structures, which are accessible only from one surface. There is presented newly developed technology for strengthening by the additional shear reinforcement with the combination of bonding and mechanical anchorage. The assessment of proposed technology is defined for the strengthening against punching shear based on tested samples. The detailed technological procedure is described, including the procedure for the application on the structures below ground water level. Long-term measurement of the shear reinforcement was carried out for the strengthened foundation slab.
159

Nelineární analýza stěnových železobetonových prvků / Nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete walls

Jurášek, Lubomír January 2012 (has links)
Master thesis is based on a doctor thesis dealing with the behavior of reinforced concrete elements stressed shear by the author Ing. Stanislav Martinec, Ph.D. Author master thesis has the task create a spatial finally element model loading testing construction and researched the wall element. Defined finally elements model is mainly to provide proper interaction test device steel frame with the test wall element. Need for sufficiently detailed numerical analysis is necessary to define the non-linear concrete material model, that is researched element, using the extensions multiPlas for calculation software Ansys. The key output parameters, for comparison with the results of load tests, are total bevel and maximum level of applied force on the wall element. The goal is assess the effect of a steel frame, contained in finally element model, to output parameters for by non-linear numerical analysis.
160

Nelineární analýza železobetonových konstrukcí / Nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures

Kopřiva, Josef January 2013 (has links)
Create FEM computational model additionally tensioned bridges for pedestrians and cyclists using ANSYS. Perform nonlinear analysis, design and make a comparison with standard values.

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