Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho visa trazer algumas questões que concernem à relação entre a linguagem e o consumo. Para tal fim, partese das contribuições da psicanálise sobre o tema da linguagem, que, ao contrário da indústria da comunicação, a qual difunde que tudo pode ser dito, presume a existência de limites para a significação, indicandonos o impossível de se representar. Assim, a aparição do nonsense, do absurdo, do estranho, para a teoria psicanalítica, denuncia a impossibilidade da linguagem de circunscrever tudo, indicandonos a presença do real. Ao se levar em conta as contribuições de diferentes pensadores, dentre filósofos, sociólogos e psicanalistas, no que se refere à temática do consumo, perguntase sobre o lugar reservado a mensagens nonsense nos meios de comunicação. Partese da suspeita de que o lugar reservado a elas na publicidade não é o mesmo lugar destinado a elas na teoria psicanalítica. Deste modo, conceitos e concepções como objeto da psicanálise, mentira, chiste e real serão abordados com o intuito de entendermos as contribuições psicanalíticas ao estudo do tema da linguagem e de suas práticas, sempre tomando como elemento central as emissões próprias do consumo. / This study is aimed to carry out some considerations about how language and consumption relate to each other. In order to do so, we will start with the contribution of psychoanalysis to language, which, as opposed to the communication industry that diffuses everything can be said assumes that there are limits to signifying, pointing to what is impossible to represent. Therefore, the emergence of nonsense, absurd and strange to psychoanalysts shows the impossibility of the language to enfold everything, pointing to the presence of the real. When taking into account the contributions made by different professionals, among which philosophers, sociologists and psychoanalysts on the subject of consumption, we ask what is the place for nonsense messages in mass media. We suspect the place reserved to them in publicity is not the same place they have in psychoanalytical theory. Therefore, we will discuss concepts and conceptions as psychoanalysis objects, jokes and the real, trying to understand psychoanalytical contributions to the study of language and its practice, always putting in the center of the discussion, what emerges from consumption.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho visa trazer algumas questões que concernem à relação entre a linguagem e o consumo. Para tal fim, partese das contribuições da psicanálise sobre o tema da linguagem, que, ao contrário da indústria da comunicação, a qual difunde que tudo pode ser dito, presume a existência de limites para a significação, indicandonos o impossível de se representar. Assim, a aparição do nonsense, do absurdo, do estranho, para a teoria psicanalítica, denuncia a impossibilidade da linguagem de circunscrever tudo, indicandonos a presença do real. Ao se levar em conta as contribuições de diferentes pensadores, dentre filósofos, sociólogos e psicanalistas, no que se refere à temática do consumo, perguntase sobre o lugar reservado a mensagens nonsense nos meios de comunicação. Partese da suspeita de que o lugar reservado a elas na publicidade não é o mesmo lugar destinado a elas na teoria psicanalítica. Deste modo, conceitos e concepções como objeto da psicanálise, mentira, chiste e real serão abordados com o intuito de entendermos as contribuições psicanalíticas ao estudo do tema da linguagem e de suas práticas, sempre tomando como elemento central as emissões próprias do consumo. / This study is aimed to carry out some considerations about how language and consumption relate to each other. In order to do so, we will start with the contribution of psychoanalysis to language, which, as opposed to the communication industry that diffuses everything can be said assumes that there are limits to signifying, pointing to what is impossible to represent. Therefore, the emergence of nonsense, absurd and strange to psychoanalysts shows the impossibility of the language to enfold everything, pointing to the presence of the real. When taking into account the contributions made by different professionals, among which philosophers, sociologists and psychoanalysts on the subject of consumption, we ask what is the place for nonsense messages in mass media. We suspect the place reserved to them in publicity is not the same place they have in psychoanalytical theory. Therefore, we will discuss concepts and conceptions as psychoanalysis objects, jokes and the real, trying to understand psychoanalytical contributions to the study of language and its practice, always putting in the center of the discussion, what emerges from consumption.

No description available.

Em vista da permeabilidade conceptual do nonsense literário, a exploração do eixo cómico de Aliceþs Adventures in Wonderland e Through the Looking-glass é uma via de demarcação teórica e análise prática do nonsense carrolliano. Com efeito, tendo previamente assumido uma linha de tradição literária enraizada no cómico, estabelecem-se várias conexões entre o discurso nonsense, enquadrado nos esquemas socioculturais vitorianos, e as práticas linguísticas pós-românticas, nomeadamente a introversão da linguagem poética na sua significação interna que legitima a construção verbal nonsense deslocada e descentrada do seu apoio referencial. Nesta perspectiva, a desconstrução cómica da realidade nos textos de Carroll intercepta a distorção subjectiva do mundo empírico característica do simbolismo onírico e, como tal, torna-se possível localizar no processo simbólico da figuração verbal nonsense o seu evidente sentido: a confirmação da realidade da linguagem poética.

This work involves the characterization of two genes using mouse models of gene deficiency and thus has two focuses: Focus I: Innate immune responses are vital for pathogen defence but can result in septic shock when excessive. A key mediator of septic shock is TNFα, which is shed into intercellular spaces after cleavage from the plasma membrane by the protease TACE. Here we report that the rhomboid family member iRhom2 interacts with TACE and regulates TNFα shedding in vitro and in vivo. Compared to controls, gene-targeted iRhom2-deficient mice showed reduced serum TNFα after LPS challenge survived a lethal LPS dose. Furthermore, iRhom2-deficient mice failed to adequately control the replication of Listeria monocytogenes and thus succumbed to even mild infections. Our study has identified iRhom2 as a novel regulator of innate immunity that may be an important target for modulating sepsis and pathogen defence. Focus II: Smg1 is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) associated with multiple cellular functions, including DNA damage responses, telomere maintenance, and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). NMD degrades transcripts that harbour premature termination codons (PTCs) due to events such as mutation or alternative splicing (AS). Recognition of PTCs during NMD requires the action of the Upstream frameshift protein Upf1, which must first be phosphorylated by Smg1. However, the physiological function of mammalian Smg1 is not known. Using a gene-trap model of Smg1 deficiency, we show that this kinase is essential for mouse embryogenesis such that Smg1 loss is lethal at embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5). High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of RNA from cells of Smg1-deficient embryos revealed that Smg1 depletion led to pronounced accumulation of PTC-containing splice variant transcripts from ~9% of genes predicted to contain AS events capable of eliciting NMD. Among these genes are those involved in splicing itself, as well as genes not previously known to be subject to AS-coupled NMD, including several involved in transcription, intracellular signalling, membrane dynamics, cell death and metabolism. Our results demonstrate a critical role for Smg1 in early mouse development and link the loss of this NMD factor to major and widespread changes in the mammalian transcriptome.

This work involves the characterization of two genes using mouse models of gene deficiency and thus has two focuses: Focus I: Innate immune responses are vital for pathogen defence but can result in septic shock when excessive. A key mediator of septic shock is TNFα, which is shed into intercellular spaces after cleavage from the plasma membrane by the protease TACE. Here we report that the rhomboid family member iRhom2 interacts with TACE and regulates TNFα shedding in vitro and in vivo. Compared to controls, gene-targeted iRhom2-deficient mice showed reduced serum TNFα after LPS challenge survived a lethal LPS dose. Furthermore, iRhom2-deficient mice failed to adequately control the replication of Listeria monocytogenes and thus succumbed to even mild infections. Our study has identified iRhom2 as a novel regulator of innate immunity that may be an important target for modulating sepsis and pathogen defence. Focus II: Smg1 is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) associated with multiple cellular functions, including DNA damage responses, telomere maintenance, and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). NMD degrades transcripts that harbour premature termination codons (PTCs) due to events such as mutation or alternative splicing (AS). Recognition of PTCs during NMD requires the action of the Upstream frameshift protein Upf1, which must first be phosphorylated by Smg1. However, the physiological function of mammalian Smg1 is not known. Using a gene-trap model of Smg1 deficiency, we show that this kinase is essential for mouse embryogenesis such that Smg1 loss is lethal at embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5). High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of RNA from cells of Smg1-deficient embryos revealed that Smg1 depletion led to pronounced accumulation of PTC-containing splice variant transcripts from ~9% of genes predicted to contain AS events capable of eliciting NMD. Among these genes are those involved in splicing itself, as well as genes not previously known to be subject to AS-coupled NMD, including several involved in transcription, intracellular signalling, membrane dynamics, cell death and metabolism. Our results demonstrate a critical role for Smg1 in early mouse development and link the loss of this NMD factor to major and widespread changes in the mammalian transcriptome.

Research Doctorate - PhD English / This thesis challenges the idea that children’s literature is an inherently colonising act. By applying Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories of dialogism and the carnivalesque to the nonsense literature of Edward Lear and Lewis Carroll, I show that children’s texts can be read as non-colonising. A dialogic reading of Edward Lear’s limericks and Lewis Carroll’s Alice books shows that these texts are non-colonising and emancipatory because they do not promote one worldview or impose a concept of the essentialised child onto the reader. Instead, they challenge the arbitrary boundaries established and maintained by tools such as language and threats of social judgement that support imperial dichotomies of self and other. I also show how the discourse surrounding children’s literature perpetuates a “politics of innocence” concerning a dominant social concept of the child. This discourse encourages purposive adaptations of children’s books, in this case, Lear’s and Carroll’s nonsense texts, that are more colonising than the original texts.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Delaware, 2008. / Principal faculty advisor: J. Ritchie Garrison, Winterthur Program in Early American Culture. Includes bibliographical references.

LIMA, Natália Sampaio Alencar. Alice in Wonderland da literatura para o cinema: um estudo da tradução da era vitoriana e do nonsense literário de Lewis Carroll para o cinematográfico no estilo Burtoniano. 2016. 124f. - Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Tradução, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-23T17:26:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_nsalima.pdf: 2723401 bytes, checksum: 76593b29068fbf5f676737d07957b159 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-26T12:32:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_nsalima.pdf: 2723401 bytes, checksum: 76593b29068fbf5f676737d07957b159 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T12:32:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_nsalima.pdf: 2723401 bytes, checksum: 76593b29068fbf5f676737d07957b159 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Esta pesquisa busca analisar os elementos utilizados por Tim Burton para representar a Era Vitoriana através do figurino, meio de transporte e decoração. Trabalharemos também com a tradução em imagens do nonsense em sua adaptação fílmica Alice in Wonderland (2010). Nessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho resulta de um estudo comparativo entre o filme e a obra na qual se baseia, o cânone da literatura infantil Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland de Lewis Carroll (1865). Para tanto, faremos um cotejo entre as duas obras à luz das teorias de Elizabeth Sewell (2015), Wim Tigges, (1988) e Susan Stewart (1980) que alicerçam o gênero literário nonsense. Lançaremos mão da versão literária Lewis Carroll: The Complete Fully Illustrated Works de 1995 da editora Gramercy, contendo toda a obra de Lewis Carroll com ilustrações originais. Isso, a fim de viabilizar e facilitar a comparação com as figuras presentes no texto literário, quando necessário, para investigar se houve aproximação na representação visual feita pelo diretor.

Attempts have been made to treat nonsense-associated genetic disorders by chemical agents and hence an improved mechanistic insight into the decoding of readthrough signals is essential for the identification and characterisation of factors for the treatment of these disorders. To identify either novel compounds or genes that modulate translation readthrough, we have employed dual reporter-based high-throughput screens that use enzymatic and fluorescence activities and screened bio-active NINDS compounds (n = 1000) and siRNA (n = 288) libraries. Whilst siRNAs targeting kinases such as CSNK1G3 and NME3 negatively regulate readthrough, neither the bio-active NINDS compounds nor PTC124 promote readthrough. Of note, PTC124 has previously been shown to promote readthrough. Furthermore, the impacts of G418 on the components of eukaryotic selenocysteine incorporation machinery have also been investigated. The selenocysteine machinery decodes the stop codon UGA specifying selenocysteine in natural selenoprotein genes. We have found that the eukaryotic SelC gene promotes the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS)-mediated readthrough but inhibits the readthrough activity induced by G418. We have previously reported that SECIS-mediated readthrough at UGA codons follows a non-processive mechanism. Here, we show that G418-mediated promotion of readthrough also occurs through a non-processive mechanism which competes with translation termination. Based on our observations, we suggest that proteins generated through a non-processive mechanism may be therapeutically beneficial for the resolution of nonsense-associated genetic disorders. / Fellowship (awarded to MTN) from the Department of Health via the NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre award to Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London, Heptagon Life Science Proof of Concept Fund (grant KCL24 to MTN), the Great Britain Sasakawa 22 Foundation (grant B70 to MTN), the Royal Society (grant 43049 to MTN) and the University of Bradford (grants 003200 and DH005 to MTN).