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Institutional interdependence : NGOs and capacity-enhancing initiatives in Sierra Leone and the GambiaHudock, Ann Catherine January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
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China's position during the global environment meetings in 1997, ending in the Kyoto summitDestlund, Yekta January 2007 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to study China's position regarding the global climate and the numerous topics discussed in the global meetings held during 1997, ending in the Kyoto summit in the same year. Chinas position during this year was evidently on the side of developing countries. China regarded topics such as technology transfer, emission trading and Commitments for the participating parties as very important topics which had to be considered. Chinas final position regarding these subjects was during 1997: - Increased funding and technology transfer resources to developing countries. - Objection to the inclusion of emission trading in the protocol. - No new commitments of any nature for developing countries. - National development is Chinas key issue.
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Canada Reaching Out? A Study of Collaboration between Canada and the Emerging Economies in Health BiotechnologyRay, Monali 11 January 2012 (has links)
This dissertation discusses research on Canada’s collaboration with emerging economies, specifically Brazil and India, in the field of health biotechnology. In recent years Canada has shown interest in engaging with emerging economies including Brazil and India in S&T fields. However, little is known about the levels and characteristics of such collaboration. Without greater understanding of this phenomenon it is difficult to inform public policy on how to best encourage collaboration. In this dissertation, the levels of Canada-emerging economies research and entrepreneurial collaboration are gauged. The motivations driving Canada-emerging economies research as well as entrepreneurial collaboration, its challenges and outcomes are examined. The roles of wider institutional actors – funding agencies, intellectual property experts, regulators, etc – in both Canada and the two emerging economies that support international collaboration are analyzed. The research reveals that north-south collaboration in health biotechnology has the potential to lead to a wide range of scientific and commercial benefits for both partners. They include access to expertise, technologies, biodiversity, as well as increasing potential to publish in high impact journals. The benefits are mutual. Northern academics and entrepreneurs are not necessarily in a dominant position in the partnerships, thus contradicting stereotypical notions of partners in north-south relationships. The systems of innovation conceptual framework is useful to uncover how institutions in both the north and the south shape S&T collaboration, and also to develop multi-pronged policy approaches to promote such partnerships and mitigate risks. The framework enables moving away from a donor-recipient, linear model of S&T interactions between the north and the south, and towards conceptualizing north-south collaboration as complex interplay of two innovation systems.
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Canada Reaching Out? A Study of Collaboration between Canada and the Emerging Economies in Health BiotechnologyRay, Monali 11 January 2012 (has links)
This dissertation discusses research on Canada’s collaboration with emerging economies, specifically Brazil and India, in the field of health biotechnology. In recent years Canada has shown interest in engaging with emerging economies including Brazil and India in S&T fields. However, little is known about the levels and characteristics of such collaboration. Without greater understanding of this phenomenon it is difficult to inform public policy on how to best encourage collaboration. In this dissertation, the levels of Canada-emerging economies research and entrepreneurial collaboration are gauged. The motivations driving Canada-emerging economies research as well as entrepreneurial collaboration, its challenges and outcomes are examined. The roles of wider institutional actors – funding agencies, intellectual property experts, regulators, etc – in both Canada and the two emerging economies that support international collaboration are analyzed. The research reveals that north-south collaboration in health biotechnology has the potential to lead to a wide range of scientific and commercial benefits for both partners. They include access to expertise, technologies, biodiversity, as well as increasing potential to publish in high impact journals. The benefits are mutual. Northern academics and entrepreneurs are not necessarily in a dominant position in the partnerships, thus contradicting stereotypical notions of partners in north-south relationships. The systems of innovation conceptual framework is useful to uncover how institutions in both the north and the south shape S&T collaboration, and also to develop multi-pronged policy approaches to promote such partnerships and mitigate risks. The framework enables moving away from a donor-recipient, linear model of S&T interactions between the north and the south, and towards conceptualizing north-south collaboration as complex interplay of two innovation systems.
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China's position during the global environment meetings in 1997, ending in the Kyoto summitDestlund, Yekta January 2007 (has links)
<p>The aim of this thesis is to study China's position regarding the global climate and the numerous topics discussed in the global meetings held during 1997, ending in the Kyoto summit in the same year. Chinas position during this year was evidently on the side of developing countries. China regarded topics such as technology transfer, emission trading and Commitments for the participating parties as very important topics which had to be considered. Chinas final position regarding these subjects was during 1997:</p><p>- Increased funding and technology transfer resources to developing countries.</p><p>- Objection to the inclusion of emission trading in the protocol.</p><p>- No new commitments of any nature for developing countries.</p><p>- National development is Chinas key issue.</p>
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A needs assessment and implementation guidelines for an Employee Assistance Programme at the University of the NorthSithole, Sello Levy 13 September 2007 (has links)
Please read the abstract (Summary) in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (DPhil (Social Work))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Social Work and Criminology / DPhil / unrestricted
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The North –South divide in international environmental law after the Paris agreementGeldenhuys, Benjamin Basson January 2021 (has links)
Magister Legum - LLM / Global climate change is a serious, severe, and potentially irreversible problem. If no actions are taken to curb greenhouse gas emissions, global temperatures and sea levels will rise, wreaking havoc on earth, particularly in developing countries. The Stockholm Declaration of 1972 facilitated the first international consensus concerning the application of CBDR to international environmental problems. This was in reaction to the developing countries refusal to adhere to the same standards as the developed countries as they perceived this as a burden to their economic growth, which is unjust due to the developed countries historical culpability.
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Fair Trade Practices In Contemporary Bangladeshi Society: The Case Of AarongHasan, Fadia 01 January 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Community, as traditionally conceptualized, has been an issue of widespread conversation and analysis. The conversation on community is extended here by engaging in the business practice of fair trade, which boasts of being an ethical entrepreneurial force that places its ideological focus on creating sustainable and fair communities that directly connects producers and consumers. Fair trade claims to bridge wage discrepancies, retailers goals and consumer concerns for social and environmental responsibility, however, the extent to which it is indeed effective in creating such a sustainable community in varied cultural and economic contexts is explored and analyzed in this project. The growing presence of “alternative” business spaces, specifically fair-trade organizations in Bangladesh, are focused on in this project, to study their role in community building, one that deviates from a so-called mainstream “capitalocentric” consumer society development model. Global fair-trade organizations like Aarong, Bangladesh and Bibi Productions that are located (and originated) outside the Global North/West are investigated and analyzed. Through this qualitative research project, the meanings and values that people attach to consuming products that stem from a production process that very self-consciously sets itself apart in its ethical production practices is investigated. Through an exploration of Fair-Trade Consumer Culture in Bangladesh, the fixed notion of the trade concept is challenged and the need for a new framework that is more inclusive and appropriate to the geo-political context of Bangladesh emerges, one that can revolutionize the applicability of the term beyond its current state.
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Media relations management within a changing environment with specific reference to the University of the NorthMaqoko, Mlamli Cecil 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focused on the representation of the University of the North in the national
media during the period 1994-1999. A preliminary survey of newspaper reports
indicated that during the post 1994 elections period the University had been getting
negative coverage from the national media, especially the Mai/&Guardian.This period
was also characterized by the intensification of transformation processes and other
challenges within tertiary institutions.
The aim of the study was to investigate how the national print media portrayed the
university during the period 1994-1999 and to find out what role the Media Directorate
of the division Development and Public Relations has played in the whole process. Both
internal and external factors which had an impact on the representation of the
university were also explored. This study is important in the sense that media relations
is regarded as a strategic management tool whose purpose is to create mutual
understanding between an organization and its internal and external stakeholders -
more especially during the period when organisations are facing both internal and
external changes. Communication is therefore seen as a central tool which is facilitating
the transformation process. Seen against the tendency of the media to concentrate on
conflict and events as major news stories - a conflict of interests then emerges.
Content analysis was used to analyse newspaper articles (from the Mai/&Guardian and
Independent Online/Star) covering the university between the period 1994-1999 and
interviews were conducted with respondents who had been chosen purposely or
specifically because their activities had a direct bearing on the media situation. The
major themes or issues which had been the major focus of the media during the said
period were then identified and evaluated in terms of the nature of the portrayal of the
university .
The study showed that the University of the North had been negatively portrayed in the
media and that the absence of a Media Relations Officer, Media Relations Policy and the
tendency of the media to focus on conflict as a news value contributed to the negative
image of the university.
It is hoped that the study will contribute towards the formulation of a media relations
policy at the university, the assessment of the pace of and the whole transformation
process and will highlight the major challenges facing public relations departments (and
specifically the media sections) of historically black institutions in the current political
dispensation. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie ondersoek die mediadekking van die Universiteit van die Noorde in die
pers gedurende die tydperk 1994-1999 landwyd. Voorafgaande oorsig oor
koerantberigte het aangedui dat na die 1994 nasionale verkiesings die landwye pers
In baie negatiewe beeld van die universiteit geskep het. Die nasion ale koerant Mail
&Guardian het veral die Universiteit in In negatiewe lig geplaas. Gedurende hierdie
tydperk het tersiere instellings 'n verheweging van transformasie-prosesse, gekoppel
met ander uitdagings, ondervind.
Die doelwit was om die beeld te ondersoek wat nasionale koerante van die
Universiteit geskep het en die rol wat hierin gespeel is deur die Media Direktoraat, In
onderafdeling van die Universiteit se Ontwikkelings- en Skakelafdeling. Interne en
eksterne faktore wat 'n invloed op hierdie beeld kon he, is ondersoek. Organisasies
se verhouding met die pers is 'n strategiese kwessie. 'n Wederkerige
verstandhouding met interne en eksterne belanghebbendes is onder meer belangrik
veral wanneer organisasies interne en eksterne verandering ondervind. Die pers se
neiging om op konfliksituasies en soortgelyke gebeurtenisse te konsentreer, vereis
des te meer goeie kommunikasie.
Die inhoud van koerantberigte oor die Universiteit wat verskyn het in die
Mail&Guardian en Independent Online/Star vanaf 1994 tot 1999 is ontleed. Die
hooftemas uit die koerantberigte is ge·identifiseer en geevalueer teen die agtergrond
van die beeld wat geskep is van die Universiteit. Daarna is onderhoude uitgevoer
met werknemers wie se werk 'n direkte uitwerking het op die perssituasie.
Die navorser het bevind dat die pers In slegte beeld van die Universiteit geskep het.
Die afwesigheid van In persbeleid en 'n skakelbeampte wat spesifiek met die pers
onderhandel, gepaard met die pers se neiging om konflik-situasies as nuus te
beskou, het daartoe bygedra.
Daar word gehoop dat die studie die bepaling van 'n persbeleid vir die Universiteit
van die Noorde sal aanhelp. Verder word gehoop dat die Universiteit se benadering
tot die transformasiesproses, asook die pas waarop dit plaasvind, geevalueer sal
word. Laastens word gehoop dat dit die vernaamste uitdagings wat skakelafdelings
(veral die pers-afdelings) van historiese swart instellings in die huidige politiek
bedeling in die gesig staar, sal beklemtoon.
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Foreign direct investment versus joint venturesLi, Yuting January 1900 (has links)
Master of Arts / Department of Economics / Yang M. Chang / This paper studies economic factors that affect a multinational’s decision between serving a foreign market via foreign direct investment (FDI) and setting up a joint venture (JV) with a local firm in the host country. The factors that we consider include the substitutability of products produced by competing firms, as well as the hotly debated intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection. In a simple North-South framework, we show that JV is the equilibrium market structure when the degree of R&D spillover is moderate, products are considerably substitutable, and IPRs strong. The government of South needs to maintain a minimum level of IRP to encourage an effective JV. For increasing social welfare, the South also needs to have a policy that limits foreign ownership in a JV.
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