My dissertation examines the presence of the “North of England” in medieval texts, a presence that complicates the recent work of critics who focus upon an emergent nationalism in the Middle Ages. Far removed from the ideological center of the realm in London and derided as a backwards frontier, the North nevertheless maintains a distinctly generative intimacy within the larger realm as the seat of English history—the home of the monk Bede, the “Father of English History”—and as a frontline of defense against Scottish invasion. This often convoluted dynamic of intimacy, I assert, is played out in those literary conversations in which the South derides the North and vice versa—in, for example, the curt admonition of one shepherd that the sheep-stealer Mak in the Wakefield Master’s Second Shepherd’s Play stop speaking in a southern tongue: that he “take out his southern tooth and insert a turd.” The North functioned as a contested geography, a literary character, and a spectral presence in the negotiation of a national identity in both canonical and non-canonical texts including Bede’s Ecclesiastical History, William of Malmesbury’s Latin histories, Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, and the Robin Hood ballads of the late Middle Ages. We see this contest, further, in the medieval universities wherein students segregated by their “nacion,” northern or southern, engaged in bloody clashes that, while local, nevertheless resonated at the national level. I argue that the outlying North actually operates as a necessary, if not sufficient, condition for the processes of imagining nation; that regionalism is both contained within and constitutive of its apparent opposite, nationalism. My longue durée historicist approach to texts concerned with the North—either through narrative setting, character, author or textual provenance—ultimately uncovers the emerging dialectic of region and nation within the medieval North-South divide and reveals how England’s nationalist impulse found its greatest expression when it was threatened from within by the uncanny figure of the North. / text

Thesis (D. Min.)--Northern Baptist Theological Seminary, Lombard, Ill., 1999. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-98).

This is a study of a local society and its interaction with central government observed through routine administrative systems. Although Northumberland has been the focus of detailed investigation during the late middle ages, a gap in scholarship remains for much of the first half of the fifteenth century. As England’s most northerly county, work on the relationship between provincial society, peripheries of the realm and the crown is critical to this study. This research tests assumptions that Northumberland was feudal, lawless, distant and difficult for the crown to administer. The research consists of two parts: the first is an evaluation of social structure; the second explores the administrative machine. It opens with a survey of feudal tenure. Chapter two examines the wealth of resident landholders. Chapter three outlines the genealogies of landed society and their relationship to one another as a ‘county community’. Chapter four expands on family connections to incorporate the bond of spiritual kinship. Chapter five charts the scope of social networks disclosed though the management of property, personal affairs and dispute. Chapter six considers the inquisitions post mortem (IPM) process and the impact of distance. Chapter seven discusses jurors and their place in county society. Original contributions to knowledge are made in a number of areas. The theme of spiritual kinship has not been developed in any county study of this period. Additional information concerning the county return for the 1435 subsidy on land is provided, which has previously been overlooked. The location of a copy of the escheator’s oath created in response to a statute of 1429, which has not been captured in recent studies, resolves the current ambiguity concerning the statutory requirement of an indented inquisition return.

This essay explores setting, myth and magic in three of David Almond’s narratives for children: Skellig (2000), My Name is Mina (2010) and A Song for Ella Grey (2015). It looks at how magic influences and changes the way the characters view their local environment. This essay shows myth as a recurring theme in Almond’s narratives, the myths themselves as well as the mythological beings within the stories and how magic is brought to life in the North East setting, making the environment and everyday life extraordinary and magical.

The thesis lays emphasis on the establishment and exercise of English colonial policy and authority in Virginia during the 17th century. The thesis deals with the political bodies, administrative structure and framework of political system. Primarily is focused on the character, activity, the causes of conflicts and their resolutions. The thesis concentrates on the relations among the leading institutions in Virginia; e.g. Governor, Council of State, General Assembly, but also between Virginia and England. Further, tries to get hold of the ways of appointment of the governors, councillors and election of the burgesses. The thesis also describes the origin and development of the county and local system. Keywords: England, colonies, colonial administration, North America, the Stuarts, 17th century,

Cette thèse s’interroge sur ce qui subsiste du patrimoine industriel dans les reconversions d’édifices industriels, la régénération d’une ville et de ses espaces hérités de la révolution industrielle, et leur réinvention et promotion. Les représentations qui émergent autour de la mise en patrimoine du bâti industriel, et de la régénération de ce patrimoine et de son environnement immédiat, contribuent à la représentation de la ville postindustrielle. La présence et permanence du patrimoine industriel – dans le paysage et l’image de la ville – sont conditionnées par son degré d’adaptation à des goûts et des usages contemporains. Cette thèse révèle une prise en compte et une représentation moindres du patrimoine industriel malgré une protection et une appréciation accrues, ainsi qu’un tiraillement entre inclusion et exclusion du patrimoine industriel à l’échelle de la ville, du quartier, du bâtiment industriel, et au niveau des représentations visant à leur promotion et à l’attraction de touristes. Elle se focalise sur Bradford et Manchester, deux anciennes villes industrielles du Nord de l’Angleterre, et porte sur une période allant de 1970 à 2010, d’abord marquée par la désindustrialisation et le développement de l’archéologie industrielle, puis par des mutations en matière de conservation et de réemploi du bâti d’origine industrielle, ainsi que par la régénération de la ville postindustrielle et la redéfinition de son image. Cette étude s’achève à la fin des années 2000, une décennie prolifique en termes de réinterprétations de vestiges industriels, et s’intéresse à des réutilisations récentes à des fins culturelles et/ou créative. / This thesis examines what remains of industrial heritage when dealing with the conversion of industrial buildings, the regeneration of a city and its spaces inherited from the industrial revolution, and their reinvention and promotion. Representations that emerge from the heritagisation of the industrial built environment, and the regeneration of this heritage and its immediate surrounding area, participate in the representation of the post-industrial city. The presence and permanence of industrial heritage – in the cityscape and city image – depend on its capacity to adapt to contemporary tastes and purposes. As this thesis suggests, industrial heritage lacks attention and visibility, even though it benefits from greater levels of protection and appreciation. It also highlights an oscillation between the inclusion and exclusion of industrial heritage, whether it is at the level of a city, a district, or an industrial building, and within representations used to promote them and to attract tourist. It focuses on Bradford and Manchester, two former industrial cities of the North of England, and covers a period stretching from 1970 to 2010, as it was initially characterised by deindustrialisation and the development of industrial archaeology, and, subsequently, by mutations in relation to the conservation and reuse of industrial buildings, as well as by the regeneration of post-industrial cities and the redefinition of their image. This study ends in 2010 – the 2000s being a prolific decade regarding the reinterpretation of industrial vestiges – and explores recent conversions of industrial buildings for cultural and/or creative purposes.

<p>This thesis deals with the causes and effects of spatial clustering of similar and related economic activity. The relationship between spatial clustering and industrial competitive-ness is analysed in a series of empirical studies, revolving around four research questions: How useful is an institutional approach in analyses of spatial clustering? Can the link between spatial clustering and industrial performance be empirically validated and measured by quantitative methods? In what sense does spatial clustering promote localised processes of learning and innovation? What role can industrial and regional policies play in promoting the type of localised processes emphasised in spatial clustering research?</p><p>It proves to be a rather complicated matter to measure the impact of spatial clustering on firm performance. In the case of export-oriented manufacturing firms in Sweden, the co-location of firms in a particular industry appears to have only a modest impact on export performance. However, when a more qualitative approach is applied, there is some evidence that spatial clustering can have a positive impact. A study of the Swedish music industry indicates that there is indeed a link between the concentration of music-related businesses in the Stockholm region and localised processes of learning and innovation. Such localised processes appear, in turn, to be linked to the ability to create and sustain industrial competitiveness. Finally, the thesis examines how the cluster concept has been put into practice in Swedish industrial and regional policies.</p>

This thesis deals with the causes and effects of spatial clustering of similar and related economic activity. The relationship between spatial clustering and industrial competitive-ness is analysed in a series of empirical studies, revolving around four research questions: How useful is an institutional approach in analyses of spatial clustering? Can the link between spatial clustering and industrial performance be empirically validated and measured by quantitative methods? In what sense does spatial clustering promote localised processes of learning and innovation? What role can industrial and regional policies play in promoting the type of localised processes emphasised in spatial clustering research? It proves to be a rather complicated matter to measure the impact of spatial clustering on firm performance. In the case of export-oriented manufacturing firms in Sweden, the co-location of firms in a particular industry appears to have only a modest impact on export performance. However, when a more qualitative approach is applied, there is some evidence that spatial clustering can have a positive impact. A study of the Swedish music industry indicates that there is indeed a link between the concentration of music-related businesses in the Stockholm region and localised processes of learning and innovation. Such localised processes appear, in turn, to be linked to the ability to create and sustain industrial competitiveness. Finally, the thesis examines how the cluster concept has been put into practice in Swedish industrial and regional policies.

The thesis investigates the concepts of archaeological spatial association within the context of both site and regional data sets. The techniques of geophysical surveying, surface distribution collection and aerial photography are described and discussed. Several new developments of technique are presented as well as a detailed discussion of the problems of data presentation and analysis. The quantitative relationships between these data sets are explored by modelling them as operands and describing association in terms of operators. Both local and global measures of association are considered with a discussion as to their relative merits. Methods for the spatial association of regional lattice and point processes are developed. A detailed discussion of distance based spatial analysis techniques is presented.

The thesis investigates the concepts of archaeological spatial association within the context of both site and regional data sets. The techniques of geophysical surveying, surface distribution collection and aerial photography are described and discussed. Several new developments of technique are presented as well as a detailed discussion of the problems of data presentation and analysis. The quantitative relationships between these data sets are explored by modelling them as operands and describing association in terms of operators. Both local and global measures of association are considered with a discussion as to their relative merits. Methods for the spatial association of regional lattice and point processes are developed. A detailed discussion of distance based spatial analysis techniques is presented.