Louis Vierne (1870–1937) var under början av 1900-talet verksam som en av världens mest framstående organister och kompositörer. Trots att han från födseln var nästintill blind innehade han under nästan 40 år den mycket prestigefulla tjänsten Organiste titulaire vid Frankrikes mest berömda katedral Notre Dame de Paris. Viernes verksamling 24 Pièces du Fantaisie räknas idag till standardrepertoaren för orgel och i detta arbete analyseras hur tonsättarens bakgrund påverkade och inspirerade hans komponerande av verket. I studien utreds också hur man interpreterar stycket så stiltroget som möjligt och således gör tonsättaren rättvisa i största möjliga mån. Undersökningens resultat påvisar att Vierne fick inspiration till verken från sin omvärld och att hans dåliga syn hade stor inverkan på hans komponerande. Den informationen, i kombination med en redovisning av interpretationsmässiga val från framföranden av Requiem aeternam och Toccata ur 24 Pièces du Fantaisie, hjälper organisten vid sitt gestaltande av verksamlingen. / Louis Vierne (1870–1937) was active during the early 20th century as one of the world's most prominent organists and composers. Despite being almost blind from birth, he held for almost 40 years the very prestigious position of Organiste titulaire at France's most famous cathedral, Notre Dame de Paris. Vierne's collection of pieces 24 Pièces du Fantaisie is today considered as standard repertoire for the organ and this study analyzes how the composer's background influenced and inspired the music. In the study, it is also investigated how to interpret the pieces as faithfully as possible and thus do the composer justice to the greatest extent possible. The results of the study indicate that Vierne got inspiration for his work from his surroundings and that his poor eyesight had a major impact on his composing. This information, in combination with a report of interpretational choices from performances of Requiem aeternam and Toccata from 24 Pièces du Fantaisie, helps the organist when playing the collection.

Cette thèse a pour objet l’ensemble des manifestations festives que donnent à lire trois romans de Victor Hugo : Notre-Dame de Paris, Les Misérables et Quatrevingt-treize. Son hypothèse générale est que la fête, lorsqu’elle est envisagée comme rite collectif, prend en charge les différentes tensions qui, au XIXe siècle, escortent l’évolution des statuts du citoyen, du devenir historique et des rapports entre le peuple et le pouvoir. La récurrence de certains motifs tend à montrer que la thématisation et l’écriture de la fête chez Hugo sont soumises à deux lois. La première consiste en la cohabitation sociale du sublime et du grotesque. La deuxième repose sur le détournement des ressources scripturales, formelles, rhétoriques du carnavalesque vers un tableau sinistre et funèbre. L’étude sociocritique de ces différentes scènes met en lumière les relations que les romans hugoliens entretiennent avec l’imaginaire social de la Révolution française, de la Restauration et du Second Empire, tout particulièrement à l’égard des débats sur la misère, sur le sens du pouvoir et sur la notion de progrès. / This thesis focuses on the festive events in three novels by Victor Hugo : Notre-Dame de Paris, Les Misérables and Quatrevingt-treize. Its general hypothesis is that the festival, when considered as a collective rite, takes charge of the different tensions in the nineteenth century that escort the evolution of the status of the citizen, of the historical future and of the relationship between the people and the power. The recurrence of certain motifs tends to show that the thematization and the writing of the festival in Hugo’s work is subject to two laws. The first consists in the social cohabitation of the sublime and the grotesque. The second is based on the detour of the scriptural, formal and rhetorical resources of the carnival towards a sinister and funereal picture. The sociocritical study of these different scenes highlights the links that novels maintain with the social imaginary of the French Revolution, the Restoration and the Second Empire, particularly with regard to the debates on misery, the meaning of power and the notion of progress.

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