This degree work concerns the role of sisters and ward sisters and their share in the nursing care quality. The theoretical part of the work is divided into three sections. Section one presents sisters and ward sisters as active members of the nursing management. Section two deals with the managements functions of the sister staff and their impact on the nursing care quality. Section three reviews the basic issues of the nursing care quality. The purpose of section one was to review the scope of activities of sisters and ward sisters with respect to the nursing care quality. The purpose of section two was to identify the key difficulties preventing sisters and wards sisters from increasing the nursing care quality. The purpose of section three was to analyse the working relationships between sisters and ward sisters with respect to the nursing care quality. While mapping out the situation in the selected hospital (the Faculty Hospital in Plzeň), we asked the following six research questions: 1. What are the areas where the hospital sisters may affect the nursing care quality? 2. What obstacles the sisters can see preventing them from taking part in continuous improvements in the nursing care quality? 3. How do the hospital sisters co-operate with the respective ward sisters concerning the nursing care quality? 4. What are the areas where the ward sisters may affect the nursing care quality? 5. Are there any obstacles preventing the ward sisters from taking part in continuous improvements in the nursing care quality? 5. How do the ward sisters co-operate with the respective sisters concerning the nursing care quality? The questions were asked during informal discussions with ten sisters and ten wards sisters at the Faculty Hospital in Plzeň. The information and data collected were processed using the framework analysis method whereby the answers to the research questions were derived. The research identified the following main problems preventing the hospital sisters and ward sisters from increasing the nursing care quality: inefficient time management on the side of ward sisters, insufficient competencies of ward sisters regarding staff remuneration, insufficient application of the existing nursing-care quality improvement tools by both sisters and ward sisters, limited engagement of the hospital sisters and ward sisters in creation of internal standard procedures, and reluctant attitudes of the hospital staff to changes. Based on the shortcomings identified through our research we have worked out proposals on practical improvements.

The thesis deals with patients´ satisfaction as an indicator of nursing care quality. Theoretical part is divided into five chapters and is focused on theoretical bases of nursing, quality of care, patients´ satisfaction, characteristics of investigated work place and patients´ laws. In the research part I deal with patients´ satisfaction with nursing care at internal wards in Hospital České Budějovice, Inc. A quantitative investigation was proved, for data collecting a method of questioning, technique of questioning was used. Research sample was created by 160 hospitalized patients. By means of investigation were proved following working hypotheses. H 1: addressed patients are satisfied with complex nursing care, H 2: addressed patients are satisfied with nursing staff, H 3: addressed patients valuate medical care positively, H 4: addressed patients valuate hospital stay positively. On the base of questionnaires we can say that all working hypotheses were confirmed. The aim of the thesis - to find out patients´ satisfaction with nursing care at internal wards in Hospital České Budějovice, Inc. was fulfilled. It is important to follow patients´ experience with nursing care and at the same time to be interested in their satisfaction as it is irretrievable source of information stating the nursing care quality from the view of patients {--} users of the care. We think that information from this thesis can be used by all medical workers and other staff participating in medical care and satisfying patients´ needs. The thesis can be also used by broad public. It can be also used as a teaching material for students who want concern this topic. As contemporary medical trend is mainly satisfied patient, more attention should be devoted to patients´ satisfaction.

The name of this thesis is: "A Chinese patient in the Czech health care service". China with approximately 1.3 million inhabitants belongs to the largest countries in the world. Migration and tourism of inhabitants of the Folk Republic of China and Republic of China towards the Central European region, is higher year by year. Simultaneously, with increasing accumulation of the Chinese minority group members in the Czech Republic, even the number of provided health care for this minority group of inhabitants is rising. Different conception of health and disease markedly affects the approach and understanding of the patient/client from another culture both from professional point of view and from the view of patient/client. Medical personnel should be aware of main differences in behaviour of the members of minority group and their population, and not only in connection with provided health care. This research work is worked out by means of qualitative research methods. Working out of nursing care peculiarities which the members of Chinese minority want to respect was the research goal of this thesis. Collection of data was carried out by means of a half-structured interview in members of the Chinese minority group in the Czech Republic. The content of questions of the half-structured interview is based notably on conceptual, nursing models developed by Gordonová, M., Leiningerová, M., and a model developed by Gigerová, J. {--} Davidhizerová, R. The five research questions were specified for the goal accomplishment. The results of research were treated by means of casuistics and a slightly modified approach of general analysis by Ritchie and Spencer. Established nursing care peculiarities in the area of blood taking, and information of physician´s diagnosis, especially towards the family, and apprehension of medicament addiction, and even the pain and answer to it belong to leading results. Description of how the members of Chinese minority group understand the Czech nursing and a nurse as a provider of professional nursing care also belongs to other results. The hypotheses decided on further research use were suggested on the basis of results of this thesis. This thesis and its results are determined to the professional health care purposes and for direct provision of nursing care in health service facilities in the Czech Republic. One of the outcomes of this thesis is also a propsal of the nursing care standard in members of Chinese minority group living in the Czech Republic, and, hereafter, an information summary book for nurses concerning trans-cultural specificity of the Chinese patient/client in the Czech health services.

Each year the level of migration rises. In the Czech Republic, we observe a sustained increase of variety in terms of nationalities, cultures, ethnicities. Among the numerous communities that can be found within our borders are the ethnic groups of Russians and Ukrainians. The influence that a person's cultural background has on their behavior in times of sickness and in times of health is enormous. Culture has an impact not only on a person's lifestyle, but also on the way in which such a person responds to, and should be treated with, medical care and nursing. Medical staff should be aware of the different patterns of behavior of members of various nationalities and ethnicities. The objectives of this diploma thesis are: identify specific aspects of providing nursing services to the Russian and Ukrainian minorities, and ensure that Russian and Ukrainian clients are satisfied with the nursing service in our hospitals. This paper is divided into two sections. In the theoretical part, the reader may familiarize himself or herself with the religious beliefs that form a part of the life of Russian and Ukrainian clients. This part also includes an overview of the history of these peoples, their migration, their assimilation to our conditions, the issue of barriers to communication, and the ensuing problems. The practical part of this thesis relies on qualitative research via structured interviews within the Russian and Ukrainian communities, and on quantitative research in the form of a questionnaire with which we identified the degree to which nurses are knowledgeable in the belief system of orthodox christianity, and their opinion regarding the necessity of a specific approach to providing care to Russian and Ukrainian clients. Four research questions were formulated, and have drawn answers, in the course of our research. Based on this research, we put together a nursing standard that should facilitate and improve the care provided by nurses in our hospitals. The results of this research, and this thesis itself, could be used in practice to enhance, and to improve the quality, of nursing services rendered, as a training tool for nurses, to present the results on scientific or undergraduate conferences, and for publication in professional journals.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the Czech Republic. An increasing number of its inhabitants become cardiac patients who require a nursing intervention. Nursing in cardiology has an irreplaceable position in the cardiovascular care provision. The health care costs are rising, nursing has been undergoing many changes. Training of cardiology nurses gets changed, as well as the image and role of cardiology nurses in society. Cardiology nurses are much more independent, educated and organized. In cardiovascular facilities nursing care is being standardized and the quality of care is improving. In this thesis, focus is given to nursing in cardiology. In the introduction the issue of cardiovascular diseases is outlined, the major part is devoted to the concept of Czech nursing in cardiology. Individual stages of the system of care for cardiac patients in the Czech Republic and the status of cardiology nurses involved in the system are surveyed. Attention is also paid to the structure of cardiovascular facilities and expert companies in our country and abroad. The thesis has the title: Survey of continuity of care for cardiac patients in the Czech Republic with focus on nursing care. In total five goals, seven research questions and four hypotheses were stated. We surveyed the cardiology nurses´ attitude to lifelong learning, if they are building their own specific image, and if they ensure the continuity of care. Our objective was also to identify the role of nurses in education of cardiac patients and the level of cardiac patients´ knowledge. The research section is elaborated on the basis of a qualitative and quantitative investigation. The qualitative part was carried out by semi-structured interviews with cardiology nurses working in comprehensive cardiovascular centers. The quantitative part of the survey was conducted with patients of comprehensive cardiovascular centers. Seventy domestic and foreign sources of literature devoted not only to the issueof cardiovascular diseases were quoted. The research results are supposed to serve as a basis for coordinated efforts of all participating nurses and institutions to build a well-functioning and technically and economically efficient system of nursing care for cardiac patients in CR.

As the title of the thesis indicates, I addressed the number of the staff and their qualification representation at the individual departments of the hospital in Písek. I cooperated with head nurses as well as other nursing staff in the hospital and acquired information from them. The first hypothesis was that the number of the nursing staff work load at standard surgical departments corresponds with the recommendations of Karla Pochylá{\crq}s method. This hypothesis was not confirmed as the average number of staff at surgical departments was higher than the methodology states. The second hypothesis was that the number of the nursing staff work load at standard internal departments corresponds with the recommendations of Karla Pochylá{\crq}s method. The number of staff at internal departments was also higher than the recommendations of the method; neurology was the only department where the number of staff was lower than recommended. The second hypothesis also was not confirmed. The third hypothesis was that the number of the nursing staff work load at nursing beds corresponds with the recommendations of Karla Pochylá{\crq}s method. The number of the staff at nursing beds was higher than recommended by the method. This hypothesis was not confirmed. The fourth hypothesis was that the qualification representation of the nursing staff at standard surgical departments corresponds with the recommendations of Karla Pochylá{\crq}s method. This hypothesis was not confirmed. The fifth hypothesis was that the qualification representation of the nursing staff at standard internal departments does not correspond with the recommendations of Karla Pochylá{\crq}s method. This hypothesis was confirmed. The last, sixth hypothesis was that the qualification representation of nursing staff at nursing beds does not correspond with the recommendations of Karla Pochylá{\crq}s method and this hypothesis was also confirmed. I believe that the thesis can be used in practice as a template and groundwork for determining the correct number and qualification representation of nursing staff at various medical facilities.

The role of the nurse is to aid in the improvement of the quality of life for children who have been through meningitis. In recent years, the issue of quality of life has become of interest in many disciplines and the general public. In health care, the quality of life is known as HRQoL - Health Related Quality of Life - loosely translated as ?the quality of life related to health?. The term of ?diagnostic quality of life in children and adolescents? is primarily used for the area of professional health care and it is an important indicator of disease severity and the outcomes of provided care. The objective of this thesis was to assess the quality of life of children who have been through meningitis, to identify the main areas in which the quality of life of these children is reduced, and to suggest nursing interventions aimed at improvements. The data collection took place in the period November 2009 - June 2010 at the Clinic for Childhood Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno. A qualitative research used the technique of studying written documents and, subsequently, non-standardized in-depth interviews with respondents were carried out. Prior the beginning of the qualitative survey, five research questions were established. Question 1: What kind of care and what interventions do children expect from nurses? Question 2: What kind of care and what interventions do parents expect from nurses? Question 3: How to evaluate subjectively the quality of children?s? life after meningitis as compared to the state prior the disease? Question 4: How do parents see the quality of life of their child after meningitis as compared to the state prior the disease? Question 5: In which areas is the quality of children?s life reduced most? Question 6: What nursing interventions can help nurses to improve the children?s lives? All of the questions were answered using a quantitative research method involving a standardized questionnaire named ?HEALTH AND SATISFACTION QUESTIONNAIRE?. This questionnaire is used in the project ?QOLOP? ? Quality of Life Longitudinal Study of Paediatric Oncology Patients. Hypothesis H 1 was defined prior the start of the quantitative research: The quality of life of children who have been through meningitis is lower than in healthy children. This hypothesis was not confirmed. It is clear, from what has been mentioned above, that the objective of this thesis has been met. This project will be useful in practice. The generated ?Algorithm of Initial Care for a Child with Meningitis? and ?Subsequent Care of a Child with Meningitis? should help nurses orientate and identify the basic needs of children with this disease. Moreover, this thesis can be used as a theoretical basis for the education of nursing students.

Nursing care of restless and aggressive patients, despite the unstoppable progress, can hardly do without the use of restrictive measures in all cases. In order to provide quality nursing care and to ensure the patient´s safety even with the application of restrictive measures, it is necessary to determine the level of professional quality, or the introduction of nursing standards at all wards where restrictive measures are used. The aim of this thesis was to verify if the restrictive measures in psychiatric inpatient units and inpatient wards of other medical disciplines are being used in accordance with the standard of nursing care of patients who are restrained in bed, and analyze the current standards of nursing care determining the use of restrictive measures. Another objective was to find out nurses´ attitudes to application of restrictive measures and to survey their feelings while applying restrictive measures. On the base of the objectives hypotheses were formulated with regard to data in literature and my own clinical practice, which also includes the use of restrictive measures. The nursing research was conducted through a questionnaire at the wards where restrictive measures are applied. The respondents were nurses working in these units. The results provided clear evidence that not only worldwide, throughout Europe, but also within medical facilities of the Czech Republic, the care of psychiatric patients is inconsistent in terms of restrictive measures, and therefore, standardization of this care is highly desirable. A component part of this thesis is the created Standard of nursing care for application of restrictive measures in medical inpatient facilities, which will be used in practice in České Budějovice Hospital, Inc.

The topic of my diploma thesis is: ?The Questions of the Care of Patients before and after the Intervention for Ventricular Fibrillation ?. The diploma thesis defines three objectives. The first objective finds out the information level of patients about nursing care before and after the intervention for ventricular fibrillation. The second objective was to find out the most frequent problems in connection with the intervention for ventricular fibrillation. The third objective aims at surveying the requirements for the nursing care in connection with the intervention for ventricular fibrillation. To conduct my research I defined 4 questions along with these objectives: Are patients informed about nursing care before and after the intervention for ventricular fibrillation? In which way do nurses inform patients about nursing care before and after the intervention for ventricular fibrillation? How do nurses assess the cooperation with patients before and after the intervention for ventricular fibrillation? In which fields are patients most limited after the intervention for ventricular fibrillation? To fulfil the objectives of the diploma thesis I chose the quantitative research survey. The collection of data was conducted by the interview technique. These interviews constituted the basis for the chart of ideas in the X-mind programme. The research questions that were defined for the research survey yielded these conclusions: The information on the regime before the radiofrequency ablation for fibrillation of chambers is insufficient for the patients. The information on the regime after the radiofrequency ablation for ventricular fibrillation is insufficient for the patients. Nurses inform patients about the nursing care before the performance based on nursing standards. The largest problem encountered by patients after the radiofrequency ablation for ventricular fibrillation is bowel movement. Patients before the radiofrequency ablation for ventricular fibrillation worry because of lack of information about the performance. The patients before the radiofrequency ablation for ventricular fibrillation cooperate with the nursing staffs. The patients after the radiofrequency ablation for ventricular fibrillation cooperate with the nursing staffs.

The topic of this thesis is ?Nursing care for patients with craniocerebral trauma?. Three goals were set. We tried to find what the specifics of nursing care for patients with craniocerebral trauma are. We also examined whether nurses were aware of the specifics of nursing care for patients with craniocerebral trauma. The last goal was to find out whether nurses used basal stimulation in these patients. The research was based on a non-standardized interview. The interviews were performed with twelve nurses caring about these patients in the České Budějovice Hospital and the Faculty Hospital Královské Vinohrady. Three research questions were set. 1: What are the specifics of nursing care for patients with craniocerebral trauma? The research has shown that elevated head position, monitoring of GCS, pupil state and response, administering of bolus analgosedation doses in some nursing activities, ensuring detention administration and list of valuables are the specifics. We have also included CT examination, pre-operation preparation, care of invasive inputs, drains, operation wounds, careful handling with patients, constipation problems, care of a disturbed or aggressive patient and special approach to communication with these patients. 2: Are nurses aware of the specifics of nursing care for patients with craniocerebral trauma? We found that respondents knew the above mentioned specifics. However we found two drawbacks. The first one was in the unawareness of the possibility to increase ICP during defecation among the respondents, the other one was in communication with disturbed or aggressive patients. 3: Do nurses use basal stimulation in patients with craniocerebral trauma? The research has shown that the respondents do apply the concept of basal stimulation, but they only use some of the stimulation elements. This thesis may serve as study material for new nurses starting at the department, where they will care about these patients. The research results and the Standard nursing procedure of Basal stimulation elaborated by us will be offered to managers of both the hospitals where the interviews with nurses were performed.