Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / This dissertation documents the attempt to address one of the major problems in nursing education i.e. the existing gap between the educational philosophy of nursing and nursing education practices, by means of an action research project during the period 1991-1996. The research in this dissertation is recorded in three phases. Phase One elaborates on the biographical and professional background of the researcher and the reasons why action research was selected for the purpose of this particular project Since action research provides opportunities for teachers to change and transform their own teaching practices, it was obviously the best choice for the research. The emphasis was on collaboration and participation and the researcher was morally bound to consider and observe all internal and external factors which influence and limit her own teaching practice, in order to initiate change and transformation in teaching. In order to define and contextualize the problem and to describe the situation in which this particular problem has been identified, the role of the statutory body, the South African Nursing Council which governs the profession and basic professional nursing education were explored. The problem is formulated as the existing gap between the educational philosophy on which existing nursing and nursing education practices are theoretically grounded and the way in which both nursing and nursing education practices appear in reality. Phase One also deals with the historical and philosophical foundations and development of nursing and nursing education. In an attempt to describe the researchers's teaching practice appropriately, as a social practice, it was essential to consider not only the professional and social boundaries of nursing education, but also the current situation regarding national education, the existing health system and all factors related to education and health. The dissertation then draws the attention to the essential features and historical context of a progressive and critical pedagogy, as a foundation for action research. In this regard it was especially the contributions of Dewey, Habermas, Freire, Giroux and McLaren, which guided the research to approach nursing education from a critical perspective. Phase Two deals with the research methodology. For this particular research project John Elliotts's Action Research Framework for Self-Evaluation in Schools was used. Within this framework of Elliott the dissertation then describes the research methodology of this particular project: Ideal and Reality in Nursing Education and Nursing Practices in South Africa: An Action Research Approach. The rationale and the development of the project is first described, whereafter action research is discussed as a process which enables nursing .practitioners and tutors to become empowered and to initiate change and establish transformation within their own practices. A major part of the dissertation is dedicated to the project in action with two groups of participants during two action research cycles. Finally Phase Three of this dissertation draws the attention to the conclusions based on the outcomes of the project. with the emphasis on the urgent need for change and transformation within the nursing profession in order to lessen the extensive gap between nursing theory and nursing practices. The existing gap between the philosophy on which nursing practices are based and how existing nursing practices appear in reality, seems to be the major cause of the prevailing discontent in the nursing profession.

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BACKGROUND: Telepresence robots provide real-time audio, video, and mobility features, allowing faculty and students to engage in learning experiences without being physically present. PROBLEM: With multiple students and faculty members needing to quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a flexible learning environment was essential. APPROACH: The telepresence robots were used as an innovative approach for both faculty and students to engage in learning experiences offered in a variety of settings. OUTCOME: Feedback was obtained from faculty and students about the use of and satisfaction with telepresence robots. The robots were easy to use and posed only a few technological challenges, which were easily overcome. CONCLUSIONS: Telepresence robots were effective tools in overcoming teaching and learning barriers caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The telepresence robots have many applications, including use in clinical and community settings.

Moral experiences are experiences where there are values at stake. All people live moral experiences, from the mundane to the extraordinary. Undergraduate nursing students (UNS) have moral experiences during their clinical placements yet little is known about these experiences. Research that acknowledges and accounts for the range of moral experiences that UNSs have when providing patient care better reflects the diversity of these experiences, from the good to the bad, the right to the wrong, and the just to the unjust. Understanding their moral experiences can foster a greater awareness of UNSs as moral beings who live meaningful experiences that affect them as learners and future professionals. The purpose of this research study was to examine clinical placement-related moral experiences of UNSs and the ways in which these moral experiences shape them as learners. The research questions were 1) What are the moral experiences of undergraduate nursing students in the context of clinical placements?; 2) What are the relational dimensions of undergraduate nursing students' moral experiences in the context of clinical placements?; and 3) How do undergraduate nursing students incorporate their moral experiences into their learning process? This study is a constructivist grounded theory as articulated by Charmaz. Twenty-three semi-structured interviews with UNS participants were conducted and retained for analysis. All participants were recruited from the Bachelor of Science in Nursing program at a bilingual university in Ontario, Canada. In keeping with constructivist grounded theory, the data analysis process was iterative and evolving to construct a theory that was grounded in the data. As a result of data analysis, three categories were developed: 1) having a moral experience; 2) learning in motion; and 3) navigating relational contexts. In brief, the first category, having a moral experience, represents the moral experiences described by the participants; these are the stories participants shared that unfolded during or in relation to clinical placements. The second category, learning in motion, describes the participants' learning process. The third category, navigating relational contexts, represents the interconnected relationships that framed the participants' moral experiences. Overall, the findings of this study provide insights into the range of moral experiences that UNSs have during their clinical placements, the relational dimensions at play, and the learning process that UNSs experience as they navigate clinical placements as learners.

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Le nombre des étudiants internationaux au Québec connait une hausse ces dernières années, et leur présence apporte des avantages socioéconomiques pour le pays. Bien qu’il existe des programmes d’intégration des internationaux mise en place par les universités, les étudiants étrangers passent souvent par une période de transition difficile. Cette transition est généralement manifestée par des symptômes tels que l’anxiété et le stress. Ces étudiants devront faire face à plusieurs défis d’ordre académique et social afin de s’adapter au nouvel environnement. Cependant, cette période de transition n’est pas vécue par tous les étudiants de la même façon dont certains d’entre eux rapportent une expérience de changement positive. Cette étude qualitative descriptive a pour but de décrire et de comprendre l’expérience de transition des étudiants internationaux de cycle supérieur à la faculté des sciences infirmières de l’Université de Montréal. Des entrevues semidirigées individuelles ont été menées auprès de six étudiants internationaux inscrits dans un programme de cycle supérieur en sciences infirmières. L’analyse thématique des données a été conduite selon la méthode de Miles et Huberman (2014). L’analyse des résultats a synthétisé cinq thèmes centraux qui portent sur les facteurs contraignants et facilitants du processus de transition d’ordre social et académique : l’arrivée à Montréal, l’environnement universitaire, l’environnement social, les capacités personnelles de l’étudiant international et les recommandations d’amélioration pour une intégration réussie émises par les étudiants internationaux. Les résultats de la présente étude permettent de mieux comprendre l’expérience de transition des étudiants internationaux de cycle supérieur en sciences infirmières. / The number of international students in Quebec has been increasing in recent years, and their presence brings socio-economic benefits to the country. Although there are integration programs for international students set up by universities, international students often go through a difficult transition period. This transition is usually manifested by symptoms such as anxiety and stress. These students will face many academic and social challenges in order to adapt to the new environment. However, not all students experience this transition period in the same way, with some reporting a positive experience of change. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to describe and understand the transition experience of international graduate students in the Faculty of Nursing at the University of Montréal. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with six international students enrolled in a graduate nursing program. Thematic analysis of the data was conducted using the method of Miles and Huberman (2014). The analysis of the results resulted in five central themes that address the constraining and facilitating factors of the social and academic transition process: arrival in Montreal, the academic environment, the social environment, the personal capabilities of the international student, and the recommendations for improvement for successful integration made by international students. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the transition experience of international graduate students in nursing.

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el nivel de habilidades comunicativas en estudiantes de enfermería en una universidad privada de Chiclayo, 2023. La metodología propuesta para el estudio fue cuantitativo - descriptivo con diseño transeccional; presenta una muestra de 230 estudiantes de enfermería, con muestreo probabilístico. La técnica fue la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario “HABICOM” que evalúa la habilidad comunicativa constituido por dos dimensiones con 68 ítems sometido a pruebas de validez y confiabilidad donde obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 0.95. El procesamiento de datos fue a través del programa estadístico SPSS v25.0. Con respecto a los resultados se muestra que en la población de manera global el 46,5 % de los estudiantes exhibe un nivel alto de habilidades comunicativas incluyendo sus dimensiones de autopercepción personal e importancia profesional siendo sus características más predominantes generar motivación, empatía, expresiones, escucha con un 47.0% y calidad emocional y efectiva con 46,5%. / The objective of the research was to determine the level of communication skills in nursing students at a private university in Chiclayo, 2023. The methodology proposed for the study was quantitative - descriptive with a transectional design; presents a sample of 230 nursing students, with probabilistic sampling. The technique was the survey and as an instrument the “HABICOM” questionnaire that evaluates the communication skill consisting of two dimensions with 68 items subjected to validity and reliability tests where it obtained a Cronbach's alpha of 0.95. Data processing was through the SPSS v25.0 statistical program. With respect to the results, it is shown that in the population as a whole, 46.5% of students exhibit a high level of communication skills including their dimensions of personal self perception and professional importance, their most predominant characteristics being generating motivation, empathy, expressions, listening with 47.0% and emotional and effective quality with 46.5%.

Despite decades of research, academic dishonesty remains a significant concern in nursing education. The connection of academic dishonesty to dishonest clinical practice presents a moral imperative for nurse researchers to find new facets of understanding these phenomena. Literature regarding moral disengagement in health care is minimal and is even less prevalent in the context of nursing education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of moral disengagement on prelicensure nursing students’ tendencies to engage in academic dishonesty in their last or next to last semester of a nursing program. A correlational design via survey method was used. The Moral Disengagement Scale (MDS) and Academic Dishonesty Tendency Scale (ADTS) were reliable in this sample, with alpha coefficients of .90 (N = 251) and .86 (N = 242), respectively. Eighty-seven percent (87.2%, n = 219) of participants reported either agreeing or strongly agreeing with at least one item reflecting moral disengagement. Nearly 75% (74.9%, n = 181) reported agreeing with at least one item reflecting a tendency to engage in academic dishonesty, with an additional 44.6% (n = 108) strongly agreeing. A two-tailed single bivariate correlation revealed a strong, positive, statistically significant relationship between the MDS and ADTS, r (236) = .66, p < .001. The findings suggest that nurse educators must emphasize moral development and the students’ ownership of responsibility academically as well as during the provision of care. Due to the uniqueness of various nursing programs, more research is needed to understand the concept of moral disengagement and its influencing factors, outcomes, and interventions in various nursing student populations and the nursing profession.