Darbo tikslas: nustatyti vyresnių klasių mokinių mitybos būklės ir mitybos įpročių sąsajas. Darbo uždaviniai: įvertinti Kėdainių rajono vyresnių klasių mokinių mitybos būklę; išanalizuoti mokinių mitybos įpročius; nustatyti vyresnių klasių mokinių mitybos būklės ir mitybos žinių bei įpročių sąsajas. Tyrimo metodika: Šis tyrimas yra visos Lietuvos tyrimo, koordinuojamo Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto Medicinos akademijos Sveikatos tyrimų instituto Vaikų ir jaunimo sveikatos laboratorijos (vadovas prof. habl. dr. A. Zaborskis) dalis. Kėdainių rajone buvo sudaryta atsitiktinė penkių mokyklų imtis ir tyrimui pasiriktos dvi miesto bei trys kaimo mokyklos. Tėvams sutikus, buvo atlikta vienmomentinė anoniminė vyrensnių klasių mokinių apklausa (n=184). Vaikų mitybos būklė vertinta pagal tarptautinius T. Cole ir bendraautoriais kriterijus. Matematinė – statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant SSPS 15.0 for Windows programą. Proporcijų lyginimui taikytas Chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijus, statistinė išvada laikytina patikima, kai reikšmingumo lygmuo p<0,05. Rezultatai: Tarp VII klasės mokinių vidutinis KMI buvo 19,12 (SN=3,55) kg/m2, tarp IX – 21,39 (SN=2,6) kg/m2, tarp XI – 21,42 (SN=2,52) kg/m2. Antsvoris ir nutukimas nustatytas 14,7 proc. mokinių; normalus svoris – 58,2 proc. ir 27,2 proc. respondentų buvo labai liesi ir liesi mokiniai. Statistiškai daugiau nutukusių vaikų buvo septintosiose klasėse – 6,3 proc., o devintose ir vienuoliktose klasėse nutukusių vaikų visai nebuvo (p=0,03... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study: to identify older school children nutritional status and dietary habits links. Objectives: to evaluate nutritional status of older schoolchildren in Kėdainiai region; to analyze schoolchildren eating habits; to identify older schoolchildren nutritional status, knowledge and habits links. Methods: This is a research part of the Lithuania, coordinated by the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy of Health Research Institute of Child and Youth Health Laboratory (headed by prof. Habl. Dr. A. Zaborskis). In Kėdainiai region was drawn randomly five schools, two from city and three from village. Parental consent, than was carried out a anonymous survey of older schoolchildren (n = 184). Childrens nutritional status as measured by international T. Cole criteria. Mathematical - statistical analysis was performed using SSPS 15.0 for Windows program. Comparison of proportions applied Chi-square (χ2) test, statistical conclusions are reliable when the significance level of p <0,05. Results: Among the VII Class of schoolchildren the mean BMI was 19,12 kg/m2 (SD = 3.55), IX – 21,39 kg/m2 (SD = 2.6), XI – 21,42 kg/m2 (SD = 2 52). Overweight and obesity were 14,7 percent of children, normal weight – 58,2 percent and 27,2 percent respondents were very lean and lean. Statistically more obese children were in the sevenths classes - 6.3 percent. In the ninth and eleventh grades were not obese children (p = 0.038). By gender statistically significant... [to full text]

Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti Marijampolės apskrities pirmokų mitybos ypatumų sąsajas su fiziniu išsivystymu bei pokyčius per penkerius metus. Tyrimo metodika. 2013 metais Marijampolės apskrityje atliktas tyrimas yra Lietuvos vaikų augimo stebėsenos tyrimo dalis. Jis buvo vykdomas dešimtyje atsitiktinai pasirinktų mokyklų. Tyrimo objektas – pirmokai. Darbe naudoti metodai: pirmokų antropometriniai (ūgio, svorio) matavimai; vaikų tėvų anketinė apklausa (išdalinta 331, sugrąžinta 251 užpildyta anketa, atsako dažnis – 75,8 proc.). Kiekybiniams kintamiesiems skaičiuotas aritmetinis vidurkis, standartinis nuokrypis, procentiliai ir kt. Kokybiniams kintamiesiems – procentai. Ryšys tarp kokybinių požymių analizuotas taikant Pirsono Chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijų. Skirtumo tarp atvejo dažnio dviejose tiriamųjų grupėse reikšmingumas įvertintas taikant z kriterijų. Tarpusavyje palyginti 2008 ir 2013 metų rezultatai. Rezultatai. 2013 metais mažiau – beveik du trečdaliai vaikų valgė 4–5 kartus per dieną, mažiau tiriamųjų kasdien namuose pusryčiavo. Abiejų tyrimų metu dažnai jogurto ir kitų pieno produktų vartojo beveik po du trečdalius tiriamųjų. Kasdien šviežių daržovių valgė tik kas devintas pirmokas, vaikai per retai vartojo vaisių. Dauguma pirmokų retai vartojo gaiviųjų gėrimų su cukrumi, picų, bulvyčių „fri“ ir kito „greito“ maisto. 2013 metais sumažėjo kasdieninis natūralios mėsos bei perdirbtų mėsos gaminių vartojimas. Natūralaus sviesto vartojimas išaugo 1,84 karto, tepų riebalų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study – to analyze links and alterations between nutrition peculiarities and nutritional status of first-formers of Marijampolė district during a five year period. Methods. An investigation performed in 2013 in Marijampolė district is a part of a research done on the growth observation of Lithuanian children. The investigation has been performed in ten randomly selected schools. The object of research has been first-formers. Methods employed: anthropometric measurements of first-formers (height, weight); a survey of parents of the children (331 surveys given, 251 filled and returned, response rate – 75,8 percent). Quantitative variables have arithmetic average, standard deviation, percentiles, etc. calculated. Qualitative variables have percents set. The links between qualitative attributes has been analyzed by employing the Pearson’s Chi square criteria (χ2). The significance of the different frequency of occasion between two groups of investigative has been assessed by applying the z criteria. The results of 2008 and 2013 have been compared between one another. Results. In 2013 less – nearly two thirds of children ate 4–5 times per day, less of investigative had breakfast at home. Both investigations revealed that almost two thirds of investigative often consumed yogurt and other dairy products. Only every ninth first-former ate vegetables daily, children consumed fruit too little. The majority of first-formers rarely consumed fizzy drinks, pizzas, French fries... [to full text]

The main purpose of this thesis was to study, whether drinkable yoghurt enriched with probiotic bacteria could have any effect on constipation and body weight (BW) among older people with dementia. Further, it concerns poor nutritional status among older people with physical and cognitive impairments and its relationship with factors commonly occur in older people living in residential care facilities. It also discusses how body composition changes with ageing and the associations between changes in muscle mass and functional balance after a high-intensity weight-bearing exercise program (the HIFE program) and the ingestion of an additional milk-based protein-enriched energy supplement. A six-month feasibility study that included a probiotic drink was performed among 15 old people who were living in special units for people with dementia and who all had constipation. The effects of the probiotic drink on stool habits, and BW were studied. The outcome measures were followed daily for bowel movements and at three and six months for BW. The staff found the study easy to carry out and that the drink was well accepted by the participants. No convincing beneficial effects on stool habits were observed. In addition, a mean BW loss of 0.65 kg/month was registered. A poor nutritional intake, low physical activity level, and an over-night fast of almost 15 hours, 4 hours longer than recommended were also observed. As a part of the FOPANU Study (Frail Older People-Activity and Nutrition Study), a randomized controlled trial was carried out in Umeå - the associations between nutritional status and factors common among old people with physical and cognitive impairments living in residential care facilities was studied. Assessments were made of nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scale, fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) using both bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) and skinfold thickness measurements. The effects of a high- intensity functional exercise program with an additional protein-enriched milk drink on ability to build muscle mass were evaluated. Analyses were made to investigate whether nutritional status, assessed using the MNA scale, was associated with medical conditions, drugs, activities of daily living (Barthel ADL index), cognitive impairment (Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)), and depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)) at baseline. The associations were assessed with multiple linear regression analyses with additional interaction analyses. An independent association was found between poor nutritional status and having had a urinary tract infection (UTI) during the preceding year and being dependent in feeding for both women and men, and having lower MMSE scores for women. A large proportion of the participants, were at risk of malnutrition or were already malnourished. Women, but not men, had significantly lower Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) and Fat Mass Index (FMI) with age. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy results correlated with skinfold thickness measurements, but on different levels on value for FM%. Despite the high-intensity exercise had long-term effects (at six months, three months after the exercise) on functional balance, walking ability and leg strength. No effects on muscle mass and no additional effects from the protein-enriched drink could be observed after the three months of high intensity exercise. A negative, long-term effect on the amount of muscle mass and BW was revealed at six months (three months after the intervention had ended). The effects from the exercise did not differ for participants who were malnourished. No statistical interactions were observed between sex, depression, dementia disorder, and nutritional status, and the level of functional balance capacity on the outcome at three or six months. In summary, the majority of the included older people with dementia had a low dietary intake, low physical activity level, and lost BW despite receiving a probiotic drink supplement every day for six months. The supplementation had no detectable effect on constipation. Among the participants in the FOPANU Study, UTI during the preceding year was independently associated with poor nutritional status. Being dependent in feeding was associated with poor nutritional status as were lower MMSE scores for women but not for men. Despite the high-intensity exercise program had long-term effects on the fysical function was no effect on the amount of muscle mass at three months observed. The FFM and FM expressed as indexes of body height were inversely related to age for women, but not for men. A high-intensity exercise program did not have any effect on the amount of muscle mass. The ingestion of a protein-enriched drink immediately after exercise produced no additional effect on the outcome and the results did not differ for participants who were malnourished. The negative long-term effect on amount of muscle mass, and BW, indicate that it is necessary to compensate for increased energy demands during a high-intensity exercise program. High age, female sex, depression, mild to moderate dementia syndrome, malnutrition, and severe physical impairment do not seem to have a negative impact on the effect of a high-intensity functional weight-bearing exercise program. Consequently, people with these characteristics in residential care facilities should not be excluded from training and rehabilitation including nutrition. More research is needed in large randomized controlled trials to further explore the association between energy balance and malnutrition among frail old people, with a special focus on UTI and constipation, but also to study how physical exercise affects older people’s nutritional status. / Embargo

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.