GDPR är ett begrepp som handlar om hur personuppgifter hanteras av företag. I denna studie undersöks olika lösningar som företag har valt att använda för att informera användare om att deras data samlas in samt hur den hanteras på deras webbplatser. Med hjälp av frågeformulär skapas en bild av vad för kunskap och vilka känslor användare har angående ämnet. Genom att observera användare när de interagerar med olika GDPR-lösningar skapas kunskap om vilka lösningar som fungerar och vilka som inte gör det. Testdeltagare fick även möjlighet att använda sig av en önskvärdhetsmatris när de hade interagerat med de olika GDPR-lösningarna för att kunna uttrycka sin upplevelse med passande adjektiv. Resultatet från denna studie visade att det finns en allmänt negativ inställning till befintliga GDPR-lösningar. Det skapades även en uppfattning om varför användare har en negativ inställning. Från denna kunskap kunde olika faktorer identifieras som kan påverka UX i en GDPR-lösning. Dessa faktorer kunde sedan användas för att skapa en GDPR-lösning som prioriterar UX.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur regleringar av insamling av kunddata påverkar B2C-företagens digitala marknadsföring, vilka konsekvenser som uppstår, samt hur denna förändring hanterats.  Metod: Studien är baserad på en kvalitativ metod. För insamling av empiriskt material har semistrukturerade intervjuer utförts där en intervjuguide skapades som är baserat på den teoretiska referensramen. Med en tematisk analys fick vi fram tre olika teman.  Resultat och slutsats: Studien visar att B2C-företag initialt påverkades negativt med mindre lönsamhet. Studien visar också hur företagen lyckats hantera förändringarna genom att exempelvis jobba med fler sociala plattformar och anpassa marknadsföringen utefter plattformens förutsättningar. Examensarbetets bidrag: Studiens teoretiska bidrag är ett resultat som kan överföras till B2C-företag både i Sverige och utanför. Det praktiska bidraget är hur verksamheter kan anpassa sina strategier och vilken typ av åtgärder som kan implementeras för att lösa problem av liknande natur.  Förslag till vidare forskning: På grund av att denna studie inriktar sig på B2C-företag rekommenderar vi forskning kring B2B-företagför att tillgodogöra mer kunskap om ämnet. / Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate how data regulations affect B2C companies’ digital marketing, the consequences, and how this change was handled. Method: The study is based on a qualitative method. The gathering of empirical material was conducted with semi-structured interviews with the assistance of an interview guide based on the theoretical framework. With a thematic analysis we identified three different themes. Result and Conclusions: The study shows that B2C companies were initially negatively impacted with less profitability. The study also shows how companies managed to handle the changes by working with more social media platforms and adapt the marketing according to the platform’s conditions.  Contribution of the thesis: The study’s theoretical contributions are a result that can be transferred to B2C companies both in Sweden and abroad. The practical contribution is how companies can adapt their strategies. Suggestions for future research: Since this study focuses on B2C companies, we suggest more research on the effects for B2B companies to assimilate more knowledge

Submitted by Programa Pos-Graduação Estudos Etnicos Africanos (posafro@ufba.br) on 2013-09-16T11:59:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ELMVega.pdf: 3672889 bytes, checksum: e368f1682afcb523498fe4b25d53288e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2017-08-11T19:02:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ELMVega.pdf: 3672889 bytes, checksum: e368f1682afcb523498fe4b25d53288e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-11T19:02:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ELMVega.pdf: 3672889 bytes, checksum: e368f1682afcb523498fe4b25d53288e (MD5) / Neste trabalho analisei as relações de poder em um terreiro de candomblé na área metropolitana da cidade do Salvador. Através da etnografia, discorri sobre sua estrutura física, social, ritual e as formas pelas quais o grupo consolidou suas estruturas para a sua existência, através da categoria “necessidade”, na construção dos mecanismos de hierarquia e subordinação, a partir de um conceito central de Drama Social proposto por Vitor Turner, na tentativa de se buscar um desfecho para os conflitos latentes e aparentes após a sua fundação. / In this work we analyzed the relations of power in a yard of Candomblé in the metropolitan area of Salvador. Through ethnography, I discussed about its physical, social, ritual and the ways in which the group has consolidated its structures for their existence, through the category of "necessity", in the construction of the mechanisms of hierarchy and subordination from a central concept of drama Social proposed by Victor Turner, in an attempt to seek an outcome of frozen conflicts and apparent after its founding. / Centro de Estudos Afro-Orientais

Bakgrund: Sociala medier har blivit en plattform för kommunikation mellan företag och konsumenter. Konsumenter kan samla information innan ett köp och därför är annonsering på sociala medier ett strategiskt verktyg för att rikta in sig på konsumenter och skapa behov. När pandemin av Covid-19 inträffade gav det konsekvenser som att stanna hemma och social distansering. Detta resulterade i att företagen var tvungna att anpassa sig till de förändrade kosnumentbeteendena. Syfte: Denna studien syftar till att studera hur konsumenter upplevde sabbmode-reklamen på sociala medier under Covid-19-pandemin. Dessutom, hur konsumenter har upplevt individualiserad snabbmode-reklam på sociala medier under pandemin. Slutligen, om reklamen har påverkat konsumenternas köpbeslut under pandemin. Forskningsfrågor: Hur och på vilket sätt har konsumenter upplevt snabbmode-reklam på sociala medier under Covid-19-pandemin? Hur och på vilket sätt har konsumenter upplevt individualiserad snabbmodereklam på sociala medier under Covid-19-pandemin? Hur och på vilket sätt har fast fashion-reklamen på sociala medier påverkat konsumenternas köpbeslut under Covid-19-pandemin? Teorier: Det teoretiska ramverket börjar med teorier kopplade till sociala medier som inkluderar reklam på sociala medier och rörlighet. Den består också av individualiserad reklam med teorier om interaktiv kommunikation och beteendereklam online. Slutligen kommer konsumentbeteende där köpbeslut, varumärkesimage och förtroende presenteras. Metod: En kvantitativ metod användes i denna studie med en deduktiv ansats. En enkät skickades ut för att få fram den data som behövdes för denna studie. 312 svar samlades in och analyserades med hjälp av SPSS. Resultat: Baserat på analysen av studiens empiriska data kan det konstateras att svenska konsumenter upplevde reklam på sociala medier och individualiserad reklam om snabbmode under pandemin på olika sätt. Flera faktorer och jämförelser hade inverkan. Samma resultat kunde hittas när det gäller konsumentköpbeslut för snabbmode under pandemin. / Background: Social media have become a platform for communication between companies and consumers. Further, consumers can gather information before a purchase and therefore social media advertising is a strategic tool to target consumers and create needs. However, when the pandemic of Covid-19 occurred it gave consequences such as staying home and social distance. As a result, companies had to adapt to the changed behaviors. Purpose: This research thesis aims to study how consumers experienced fast fashion advertising on social media during the pandemic of Covid-19. Furthermore, how consumers have experienced individualized fast fashion advertising on social media during the pandemic. Lastly, if the advertisement has impacted consumers' purchase decisions during the pandemic. Research questions: How and in what way have consumers experienced fast fashion advertising on social media during the pandemic of Covid–19? How and in what way have consumers experienced individualized fastfashion advertising on social media during the pandemic of Covid-19? How and in what way has fast-fashion advertising on social media affected consumers' purchase decisions during the pandemic of Covid-19? Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework starts with theories connected to social media which includes advertising on social media and vividness. It also consists of individualized advertising with theories about interactive communication and online behavioral advertisements. Lastly, comes consumer behavior where purchase decision, brand image and trust is presented. Methodology: A quantitative method was used in this study with a deductive approach. A survey was sent out to obtain the data necessary for this study. 312 answers were collected and analyzed with the help of SPSS. Findings: Based on the analysis of the study’s empirical data it can be stated that Swedish consumers experienced advertising on social media and individualized advertising about fast fashion during the pandemic in different ways. Several factors and comparisons had an impact. The same result could be found regarding consumer purchase decisions for fast fashion during the pandemic.

Utvecklingen av tekniken sker i snabb takt vilket gör att människors vetskap om OBA inte alltid hänger med, inte heller lagar och regler som ska skydda deras integritet. Därför är det intressant att undersöka hur effektiv marknadsföringstypen OBA är beroende av konsumenternas medvetenhet om fenomenet. Syftet är att analysera hur hög, respektive låg medvetenhet hos konsumenter om online behavioral advertising påverkar deras köpintentioner, med fokus på Generation Ys uppfattningar. Denna studie visar på samband mellan lägre medvetenhet om OBA och högre köpintentioner. Lägre medvetenhet om denna typ av marknadsföring förknippas även med en högre oro kring integriteten. / The development of technology takes place at a rapid pace, which means that people's knowledge of OBA does not always keep up, nor laws and regulations that supposed to protect their privacy. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate how effective online behavioral advertising is as a marketing strategy, based on consumers’ awareness of the phenomenon. The purpose is to analyze how a high and a low level of consumers’ awareness about OBA affects their purchase intentions, focusing on Generation Y’s perceptions.This paper reveals a connection between lower awareness of OBA and higher purchase intentions. Even a higher concern about integrity in the context is associated with lower awareness about this type of marketing.

Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2015-12-04T14:24:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodrigo Ferreira Marinho - 2015.pdf: 3740524 bytes, checksum: 4ede3ef4b1e6fdecc600df8f54ff05e8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-07T11:33:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodrigo Ferreira Marinho - 2015.pdf: 3740524 bytes, checksum: 4ede3ef4b1e6fdecc600df8f54ff05e8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-07T11:33:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodrigo Ferreira Marinho - 2015.pdf: 3740524 bytes, checksum: 4ede3ef4b1e6fdecc600df8f54ff05e8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work aims to make an experience report of the development, implementation and application of the educational product designed in the form of preparatory distance courses for the Physics (OBF and OBFEP) and Astronomy (OBA) scientific Olympics for a group of high school students of the Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás – Campus Jataí. To build the courses, it was made analysis of previous tests of these Olympics and an evaluation of current topics of interest in the areas of knowledge of these competitions. The way used to apply the courses was Moodle, a virtual learning environment. To support this work, it was made a brief theory background of Distance Education (DE), an analysis of the Moodle environment, a discussion related to the educational approach used in the distance education and finally, how the concepts of physics and astronomy are taught in high school, based in the current legislation and in the scientific competitions for these areas. During and after the courses, it was conducted analyzes to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed activities and to investigate the possibilities of distance education use for high school students. / Este trabalho busca fazer um relato de experiência da elaboração, implementação e aplicação do produto educacional desenvolvido na forma de cursos preparatórios a distância para as olimpíadas científicas de Física (OBF e OBFEP) e Astronomia (OBA) para um grupo de estudantes de ensino médio do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás – Campus Jataí. Para a construção dos cursos foram feitas análises das provas anteriores destas olimpíadas e uma avaliação de temas atuais de interesse nas áreas de conhecimento dessas competições. O meio utilizado para a aplicação dos cursos foi o Moodle, um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Para fundamentar este trabalho, foram realizadas uma breve explicação da Educação a Distância (EaD), uma análise do ambiente Moodle, uma discussão a respeito da abordagem pedagógica usada na EaD e por fim, de que forma os conceitos de Física e Astronomia são trabalhados no ensino médio, baseados na legislação vigente e nas competições científicas dessas áreas. Durante e após os cursos foram realizadas análises para avaliar a eficácia das atividades propostas e averiguar as possibilidades do uso de educação a distância para estudantes do ensino médio.

This investigation focused on educators’ understanding of Outcomes-based Education (OBE) and the impact it has had on their classroom assessment practices. As assessment practices may not be separated from instructional practices, educators’ opinions were probed on their classroom practices in general (i.e. instructional and assessment practices). Educators are the major role players towards successful implementation of OBE; as such their understanding of OBE is important. It has been about nine (9) years since OBE was phased in, in the South African Education system. Educators have undergone in-service training through workshops in order to implement OBE in their classroom practices. In the early stages of implementing OBE, many educators did not understand what was expected of them in an OBE classroom. Most of them continued to follow direct instruction as the only method in their instructional practices. They were resistant to changes. One of the reasons why they resisted changes is that they had little understanding of OBE. This investigation was meant to determine whether there has been development and improvement on educators’ understanding of OBE. The following qualitative research methods were followed in this investigation: semi-structured interviews, observations and document analysis. A general overview of OBE was given in order to help me to develop criteria on which I could judge educators’ opinions regarding their understanding of OBE during interviews, observations and document analysis. The results in this investigation show that educators still have little understanding of OBE premises and principles. They do not accommodate OBE premises and principles in their classroom practices. Educators’ understanding of OBE must be improved so that they can implement OBE effectively in the classroom. / Dissertation (Magister Educationis (Assessment and Quality Assurance)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

This research aimed at exploring the quality assurance and assessment models used for English First Additional language (EFAL) in the Further Education and Training (FET) band especially in Grade 10. It examined various quality assurance models used by grade 10 educators in designing the assessment tasks, with specific reference to EFAL. This study adopted the industry based SABS ISO 9004-2 conceptual framework. This conceptual framework ensures that the task to be performed and the objectives to be achieved are clearly spelt out, including how they affect quality. A qualitative research approach was used, specifically a case study. Convenient sampling was used to select the three participant of this study, namely; two EFAL educators and one Head of Department (HoD). Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis and research journal, and triangulated to support the conclusion and to make the findings more reliable. The main research question of the study was: To what extent do English First Additional Language (EFAL) educators employ quality assurance measures in their assessment. In order to fully explore the quality assurance measures employed in EFAL assessment tasks, four sub- research questions were envisaged in this study. The following themes emerged from the data collected: assessment of EFAL, quality of the assessment tasks, assessment challenges as well as internal moderation. With regard to assessment of EFAL the results of the study indicated that educators have minimal level of skill to construct high quality assessment tasks due to poor understanding of OBA and the terminology associated with OBA. As a result, they resorted to prescribed portfolio assessment tasks as dominant form of assessment. The study also found that the quality of such assessment tasks is below the expected standard as Learning Outcomes and Assessment Standards are the major quality assurance measures utilized. Furthermore the study revealed that challenges such as overcrowding and shortage of learner support material are the inhibiting factors towards development and implementation of quality assessment tasks. The study further revealed that moderation of those Grade 10 portfolio assessment tasks which occur at school level by the HoD, focused mainly on the accuracy of mark transfer from the learner’s script to the mark sheets rather than on the quality of the assessment task. The study further revealed a corroboration of concepts used in the conceptual framework based on the SABS ISO 9004-2, as educators do not have acceptable level of establishing quality structure or measures for effective control, evaluation and improvement of service quality throughout all stages of learning and assessment. The difficulty was attributed to educator’s lack of knowledge with regard quality assurance mechanisms, assessment and the terminology associated with Outcomes Based Assessment. Copyright / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / unrestricted

This research focuses on educators' experience of implementing outcomes-based education in grade nine in secondary schools in South Africa. Two schools were chosen as settings for the qualitative research project. Three focus groups with 20 educators, two focus groups with 14 managers and seven personal interviews were conducted. Twelve classrooms were also observed where grade nine learners were being taught. Findings indicated that some educators found the experience of implementing OBE positive in that it improved their repertoire of facilitating and assessing skills. The reasons for citing OBE as a negative experience were given as the following: an increased workload, poor training and lack of follow-up by the Department and the school management team's degree of involvement. Recommendations were made on how to ease the burden on educators implementing OBE in their classrooms and to empower school managers to manage the implementation of OBE within their respective areas of responsibility. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Education Management)

This study examines the Oba of Benin Royal Ugie ceremonies, which is an annual religious and cultural event celebrated by the Benin speaking people of Edo State, Nigeria. As a communal and spiritual activity, the Oba and people of Benin kingdom mark the Ugie festivals with Musical and dance performances. Within this context, the study adopts the historical and participant approaches as its method of contending that some events during the Oba of Benin Royal Ugie festival ceremonies are colorful theatrical performances. The organizational structure of the Oba of Benin Palace as it relates to the observance of Ugie festival ceremonies is also discussed in this research. This study also examines the role Ewini music plays in the various Oba of Benin Royal Ugie festival ceremonies, thereby looking at its origin, socio-cultural context, formation procedure, instrumentation, and organizational set-up. This research also recommends different ways in which music practitioner can benefit by applying a theatrical approach to the study of these royal Ugie ceremonies and its music and also the ability of the festival ceremonies to continue to act as an instrument of stability and unity for the people of Benin kingdom, by bringing people from different walks of life together during the performance at Ugie ceremonies. For clarity, all non-english words are defined in the glossary section on page 73. / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / M.Mus.