Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T20:19:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RemoRP_DISSERT.pdf: 2330092 bytes, checksum: daee7fe1c4d58ef8316959268fc540d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Brazil lives a time of experimentation and maturity as it pertains to managing the use of water, which comes institutionalising increasingly social participation. In Rio Grande do Norte, since 1997, the government has been developing actions accordingly, through the State Department of Water Resources, which has implemented a programme of adutoras within the State and created Water Users Associations, in the installation of dessalinizadores for places where the Adutora was not necessary or not yet arrived, so that should be managed by communities through associations of users. Since 2003, Civil Society Organisations - CSOs come through ASA - Articulation in the Semi-arid Brazilian, implementing the P1MC - Program of Training and Mobilization for Social Living with the Semi-Arid (One Million Rural Cisternas), in its third year of implementation in Rio Grande do Norte, in the spirit of working together with the semi arid. In the municipality of Serrinha / RN which incorporates the Semi-arid region, we find in the rural community of Pend?cias dos Em?dios the experience of the State and Civil Society, which referred to a discussion about the environmental sustainability of these initiatives. The general objective of this work is to examine the strategies for participatory management in the use and access to water in the community of Pend?cias dos Em?dios of the municipality of Serrinha / RN, to understand how those experiences can contribute to environmental sustainability. The methodology used envolvel bibliographic research in categories involving each article, the analysis of the terms of reference of each strategy as part of the documentary research, the application forms covering 40 families benefited, and interviews based on comprehensive analysis of the speech. This study is divided into 02 articles, where the first is a discussion held on collective action and environmental sustainability, and the second is held a discussion about the sustainability of the initiatives underway to access water. The results of the discussion held on 02 articles that had their empirical built from the experience of the Commonwealth of Pend?ncias dos Em?dios revealed how far will the ability of the State to promote collective action and the limitations of the perception of sustainability that permeates these initiatives in the search for democratic access to water in semi-arid / O Brasil vive um momento de experimenta??o e amadurecimento no que tange a gest?o do uso da ?gua, institucionalizando-se cada vez mais a participa??o social. No Rio Grande do Norte, desde 1997, o governo vem desenvolvendo a??es nesse sentido, atrav?s da Secretaria Estadual de Recursos H?dricos, que implantou um programa de adutoras no interior do Estado e criou Associa??es de Usu?rios de ?gua com a instala??o de dessalinizadores onde a Adutora n?o era necess?ria ou ainda n?o chegara, de forma que fosse gerido pelas comunidades atrav?s de associa??es de usu?rios. Desde 2003, Organiza??es da Sociedade Civil OSCs vem atrav?s da ASA Articula??o no Semi-?rido Brasileiro, implementando o P1MC Programa de Forma??o e Mobiliza??o Social para a Conviv?ncia com o Semi-?rido( Um Milh?o de Cisternas Rurais), em seu terceiro ano de execu??o no Rio Grande do Norte, trabalha na perspectiva de conviv?ncia com o semi ?rido. No munic?pio de Serrinha/RN que integra a regi?o do Semi-?rido, encontramos na comunidade rural de Pend?ncias dos Em?dios a experi?ncia do Estado e da Sociedade civil, o que remeteu a uma reflex?o acerca da sustentabilidade ambiental dessas iniciativas. O objetivo geral deste trabalho ? analisar as estrat?gias de gest?o participativa no uso e acesso a ?gua na comunidade de Pend?ncias dos Em?dios no munic?pio de Serrinha/RN, para compreender como essas experi?ncias podem contribuir para a sustentabilidade ambiental. A metodologia utilizada envolveu pesquisa bibliogr?fica das categorias que envolveram cada artigo; a an?lise dos termos de refer?ncia de cada estrat?gia como parte da pesquisa documental; a aplica??o de formul?rios abrangendo 40 fam?lias beneficiadas, e entrevistas baseadas na an?lise compreensivas do discurso. Este estudo est? dividido em 02 artigos, onde no primeiro ? realizada uma discuss?o sobre a??o coletiva e sustentabilidade ambiental, e no segundo ? realizada uma discuss?o acerca da sustentabilidade das iniciativas de acesso ?gua em curso. Os resultados da discuss?o realizada nos 02 artigos que tiveram seu emp?rico constru?do a partir da experi?ncia da Comunidade de Pend?ncias dos Em?dios revelaram at? onde vai a capacidade do Estado em fomentar a??o coletiva e as limita??es da percep??o de sustentabilidade que permeia essas iniciativas na busca de democratizar o acesso ? ?gua no Semi-?rido

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:36:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseCVS_DISSERT.pdf: 823625 bytes, checksum: 15a6015324c2e471cff5b96ace735785 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work presents a proposal for introducing the teaching of Geometry Space study attempts to demonstrate that the use of manipulatives as a teaching resource can be an alternative learning facilitator for fixing the primitive concepts of geometry, the postulates and theorems, position relationships between points, lines and planes and calculating distances. The development makes use of a sequence of activities aimed at ensuring that students can build a more systematic learning and these are divided into four steps / Esse trabalho objetiva apresentar uma proposta de ensino para a introdu??o do estudo de Geometria Espacial buscando demonstrar que a utiliza??o de materiais manipul?veis como recurso did?tico pode ser uma alternativa facilitadora da aprendizagem para a fixa??o dos conceitos primitivos da geometria, dos postulados e teoremas, das posi??es relativas entre pontos, retas, planos e do c?lculo de dist?ncias. O desenvolvimento lan?a m?o de uma sequ?ncia de atividades que visa garantir que os alunos possam construir uma aprendizagem mais sistematizada, sendo estas divididas em quatro etapas

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:36:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaildoM_DISSERT.pdf: 2805469 bytes, checksum: c64255f0e7f702b14602a15e05f2ea1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-12 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / In this study, we sought to address the weaknesses faced by most students when they were studying trigonometric functions sine and cosine. For this, we proposed the use of software Geogebra in performing a sequence of activities about the content covered. The research was a qualitative approach based on observations of the activities performed by the students of 2nd year of high school IFRN - Campus Caicfio. The activities enabled check some diculties encountered by students, well as the interaction between them during the tasks. The results were satisfactory, since they indicate that the use of software contributed to a better understanding of these mathematical concepts studied / Nesse trabalho, buscou-se suprir as defi ci?ncias enfrentadas por boa parte dos alunos quando eram estudadas as funfi??es trigonomfietricas seno e co-seno. Para isso, prop?s-se a utilizafi??o do software Geogebra na realizafi??o de uma sequ?ncia de atividades sobre o contefiudo abordado. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa, baseada em observa fi??es das atividades realizadas pelos alunos do 2o Ano do Ensino Mfi?dio do IFRN { Campus Caicfi?. As atividades possibilitaram verificar algumas dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos, assim como a interafi??o existente entre eles durante a realizafi??o das tarefas. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatfi?rios, pois indicam que a utilizafi??o do software contribuiu para uma melhor compreens?o desses conceitos matemfi?ticos estudados

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:36:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AbraaoEBRA_DISSERT.pdf: 2596166 bytes, checksum: 8d00c61db09f9a300447defa62ee568b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-08 / The objective of this work if constitutes in creation a proposal for activities, in the discipline of mathematics, for the 6th year of Elementary School, that stimulates the students the develop the learning of the content of fractions, from the awareness of the insufficiency of the natural numbers for solve several problems. Thus, we prepared a set with twelve activities, starting by the comparison between measures, presenting afterward some of the meanings of fractions and ending with the operations between fractions. For so much, use has been made of materials available for use in the classroom, of forma ludic, for resolution of challenges proposed. Through these activities, it becomes possible students to recognize the necessity of using fractions for solve a amount larger of problems / O objetivo deste trabalho se constitui na cria??o de uma proposta de atividades, na disciplina de matem?tica, para o 6? ano do Ensino Fundamental, que estimule os estudantes a desenvolver a aprendizagem do conte?do de fra??es, a partir da conscientiza??o da insufici?ncia dos n?meros naturais para resolver diversos problemas. Desta forma, elaborou-se um conjunto com doze atividades, partindo do processo de compara??o entre medidas, depois apresentando alguns dos significados de fra??es e finalizando com as opera??es entre as fra??es. Para tanto, fez-se uso de materiais dispon?veis a utiliza??o em sala de aula, de forma l?dica, para resolu??o dos desafios propostos. Atrav?s destas atividades, torna-se poss?vel aos discentes reconhecer a necessidade do uso das fra??es para solucionar uma maior quantidade de problemas

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCELINOAVM_DISSERT - Capa ate p 05.pdf: 803100 bytes, checksum: 5ed734adcdb85080187dde61614f1f27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-29 / The main objective of the present thesis was the seismic interpretation and seismic attribute analysis of the 3D seismic data from the Siririzinho high, located in the Sergipe Sub-basin (southern portion of Sergipe-Alagoas Basin). This study has enabled a better understanding of the stratigraphy and structure that the Siririzinho high experienced during its development. In a first analysis, we used two types of filters: the dip-steered median filter, was used to remove random noise and increase the lateral continuity of reflections, and fault-enhancement filter was applied to enhance the reflection discontinuities. After this filtering step similarity and curvature attributes were applied in order to identify and enhance the distribution of faults and fractures. The use of attributes and filtering greatly contributed to the identification and enhancement of continuity of faults. Besides the application of typical attributes (similarity and curvature) neural network and fingerprint techniques were also used, which generate meta-attributes, also aiming to highlight the faults; however, the results were not satisfactory. In a subsequent step, well log and seismic data analysis were performed, which allowed the understanding of the distribution and arrangement of sequences that occur in the Siririzinho high, as well as an understanding of how these units are affected by main structures in the region. The Siririzinho high comprises an elongated structure elongated in the NS direction, capped by four seismo-sequences (informally named, from bottom to top, the sequences I to IV, plus the top of the basement). It was possible to recognize the main NS-oriented faults, which especially affect the sequences I and II, and faults oriented NE-SW, that reach the younger sequences, III and IV. Finally, with the interpretation of seismic horizons corresponding to each of these sequences, it was possible to define a better understanding of geometry, deposition and structural relations in the area. / A presente disserta??o tem como objetivo principal a interpreta??o s?smica e an?lise de atributos s?smicos do alto de Sirizinho, localizado na Sub-bacia de Sergipe (por??o sul da Bacia Sergipe-Alagoas). Tal estudo possibilitou um melhor entendimento da estratigrafia e estrutura??o que o alto experimentou durante o seu desenvolvimento. Em uma primeira an?lise, foram utilizados dois tipos de filtros, sendo o dip-steered median filter, com a finalidade de retirar os ru?dos aleat?rios e aumentar a continuidade lateral das reflex?es, e o fault-enhancement filter para real?ar as descontinuidades das reflex?es. Ap?s esta etapa de filtragem foram aplicados os atributos de similaridade e curvatura, para se identificar a distribui??o das falhas. O uso dos atributos e filtragens colaborou fortemente para a identifica??o e o realce da continuidade dos falhamentos. Al?m da aplica??o dos atributos t?picos (similaridade e curvatura) foram utilizadas as t?cnicas de redes neurais e fingerprint, que geram meta-atributos, tamb?m com o objetivo de real?ar os falhamentos. No entanto, os resultados obtidos n?o foram satisfat?rios. Em etapa subsequente com a avalia??o dos perfis geof?sicos e do dado s?smico, foi poss?vel realizar a interpreta??o sismoestrutural e sismoestratigr?fica que permitiram o entendimento da distribui??o e arranjo das sequ?ncias que capeiam o alto de Siririzinho, bem como da compreens?o de como estas unidades s?o afetadas pelas principais estruturas da regi?o. O alto de Siririzinho compreende uma estrutura d?mica alongada na dire??o N-S, capeada por quatro sismossequ?ncias (informalmente nomeadas, da base para o topo, de sequ?ncias I a IV, al?m do topo do embasamento). Foi poss?vel reconhecer falhamentos com orienta??o principal N-S, que afetam especialmente as sequ?ncias I e II, e falhamentos com orienta??o NE-SW que atingem as sequ?ncias mais jovens, III e IV. Por fim, com a interpreta??o dos horizontes s?smicos correspondentes a cada uma dessas sequ?ncias, foi poss?vel definir um melhor entendimento da geometria, deposi??o e das rela??es estruturais na ?rea estudada.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoMP_DISSERT.pdf: 5043225 bytes, checksum: 466790818b8e78fed04763a84b2aeda0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-27 / Since 2005, geophysical surveys have been carried out in the Precambri-an Borborema Province, along two transects with 800 km long each one. A pool of Brazilian public universities and institutions has been acquired deep refrac-tion seismic, gravity and magnetotelluric, with the purpose to model the conti-nental lithosphere of the region. This paper present the gravity survey of the second transect, that crosses the Borborema Province from SW to NE, passing through the S?o Francisco Craton, Transversal and Meridional zones and Rio Grande do Norte Domain, in the Setentrional Zone. In this way, it cuts some important geologic structures, like the limit of the S?o Francis Craton and the Borborema Province, Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary basins of Tucano, Jatob? and Potiguar and the extensive Pernambuco and Patos shear zones. Recognition techniques gravity sources in the subsurface, such as spectral analysis and Euler Deconvolution, were applied to the Bouguer anomalies, as well as their regional and residual components. These techniques provided in-formation on possible anomalous bodies, which correlated with pre-existing geological and geophysical data, subsidized a 2.5 D gravity modeling of the lithosphere beneath the Borborema Province and its southern limit with the S?o Francisco Craton. / Desde 2005, est?o sendo efetuados estudos geof?sicos nos terrenos Pr?-Cambrianos da Prov?ncia Borborema, ao longo de duas transectas com cerca de 800 km cada. Algumas universidades e institui??es p?blicas t?m realizado em conjunto levantamentos s?smicos, gravim?tricos e magnetotel?ricos, com o objetivo de modelar a litosfera continental da regi?o. Esse trabalho apresenta o levantamento gravim?trico da segunda transecta, que secciona a Prov?ncia Borborema de SW para NE, passando pelo Cr?ton S?o Francisco, pelas zonas Tranversal e Meriodional e pelo Dom?nio Rio Grande do Norte, na Zona Seten-trional. A Transecta Ang?era Macau corta algumas importantes estruturas geol?gicas, como o limite entre o Cr?ton S?o Francisco e a Prov?ncia Borbore-ma, as bacias Mesoz?icas e Cenoz?icas de Tucano, Jatob? e Potiguar, e as extensas zonas de cisalhamento Brasilianas de Pernambuco e Patos. T?cnicas de reconhecimento de fontes gravim?tricas na sub-superf?cie, como An?lise Espectral e Deconvolu??o de Euler, foram aplicadas ?s anomalias Bouguer, bem como suas componentes regional e residual. Essas t?cnicas forneceram informa??es sobre poss?veis corpos an?malos, que, correlacionados a dados geol?gicos e geof?sicos pr?-existentes, subsidiaram uma modelagem gravim?-trica 2,5D da litosfera da Prov?ncia Borborema e seu contanto sul com o Cr?ton S?o Francisco.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-01T21:46:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AntoniaNubiaOliveiraAlvesDeSouza_TESE.pdf: 2204680 bytes, checksum: 7cb96ae57d06644e877e06bfe1eae575 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2016-02-29T21:50:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AntoniaNubiaOliveiraAlvesDeSouza_TESE.pdf: 2204680 bytes, checksum: 7cb96ae57d06644e877e06bfe1eae575 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-29T21:50:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntoniaNubiaOliveiraAlvesDeSouza_TESE.pdf: 2204680 bytes, checksum: 7cb96ae57d06644e877e06bfe1eae575 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Este estudo busca compreender os aspectos relacionados ? concep??o de humaniza??o que contribuem para uma forma??o humanizada no Projeto Pedag?gico do Curso de Medicina, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando a t?cnica de entrevista n?o estruturada ao grupo de 6 docentes e aplica??o de grupo focal e observa??o participante em tr?s grupos de 10 estudantes dos 2?, 4? e 6? per?odos do curso. Os dados foram analisados atrav?s da t?cnica de an?lise de conte?do tem?tica categorial, da qual surgiram duas categorias: Tend?ncias de Mudan?as e Incipientes Mudan?as. Na primeira, identificamos os aspectos relacionados ? realidade social baseando-se na realidade vivida pelos docentes e os discentes em seu campo de atua??o; as compet?ncias como estimula??o ao saber reflexivo e cr?tico dos discentes, atrav?s dos incentivos docentes; e aprender a aprender como forma de suscitar a capacita??o docente voltada para o processo da aprendizagem e avalia??o dos discentes. Em rela??o ? segunda, percebemos aspectos positivos e negativos. Nas atividades positivas, constatamos a??es e atitudes determinantes para a evolu??o das propostas curriculares, enquanto que nas atividades negativas, verificamos pontos destoantes entre os di?logos dos discentes e docentes em rela??o ao processo da forma??o m?dica com vis?o humanizada. Por fim, obtivemos pontos de acentuada discrep?ncia entre os per?odos investigados. Todavia compreendemos que os dados do estudo corroboraram para o encontro das propostas delineadas acerca do que foi percebido entre a vis?o dos docentes e a dos discentes em rela??o ao processo de forma??o vinculado ? concep??o de humaniza??o, caminhando, mesmo de maneira incipiente, em prol de uma forma??o m?dica mais humanizada e centrada no ser humano. / This thesis aims at understanding the aspects related to the concept of humanization that contribute to a humanized education in the pedagogical project of the medicine graduation course of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). It has been used a qualitative research through non - structured interviews to six professors and through the focus group technique with participant observation of 30 students of the 2 nd , 4 th and 6 th terms of the med program. The data has been analyzed through the cate gorical thematic subject analysis technique from which two categories have emerged: tendency changes and initial changes. In the former we ? ve identified aspects related to the social reality based in the experiences of professors and students in their work field; the competencies such as stimulation to the students ? critical and reflexive knowledge through professors ? encouragements and learning to learn as a way of developing professors ? education towards the process of learning and evaluation of students. In the latter, we ? ve noticed positive and negative aspects. While in the positive aspects we ? ve testified actions and attitudes that were crucial for the development of the curricular proposals, in the negative ones we ? ve verified controversial arguments between the students and teachers ? speeches regarding the process of medical education in a humanized approach. For last, we ? ve got large different results within the period investigated. However, we understand that the data found in the study has contribu ted to reach the proposed objectives regarding what has been perceived between the professors and students ? point of views in relation to a humanized based education. Even if it ?s an initial perception, it is moving towards a medical education more humaniz ed and centered in the human being.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-01T21:46:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoCesarDeMacedoRibeiro_TESE.pdf: 2029469 bytes, checksum: b61544e336820a54501cbc7e7665d3ef (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2016-02-29T22:10:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoCesarDeMacedoRibeiro_TESE.pdf: 2029469 bytes, checksum: b61544e336820a54501cbc7e7665d3ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-29T22:10:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoCesarDeMacedoRibeiro_TESE.pdf: 2029469 bytes, checksum: b61544e336820a54501cbc7e7665d3ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / O presente trabalho objetiva analisar, em termos de classe, a composi??o social do eleitorado das candidaturas presidenciais do Partido dos Trabalhadores nas elei??es de 2002, 2006 e 2010. Tal objeto de pesquisa ? constru?do a partir de um debate cr?tico preliminar com os estudos eleitorais brasileiros recentes, especialmente da literatura sobre a influ?ncia dos programas sociais sobre o voto e das formula??es de Singer acerca do fen?meno do lulismo. Incorporando avan?os e apontando lacunas de tais esfor?os de pesquisa, ? formulado um roteiro de investiga??o emp?rica composto por tr?s elementos fundamentais - a medi??o das dimens?es da estrutura de classes do capitalismo brasileiro; a observa??o dos interesses materiais relacionados aos postos constituintes de tal estrutura; a elabora??o de medidas de associa??o entre a inser??o em grupamentos classistas e o comportamento eleitoral individual. Com base na abordagem neomarxista de an?lise de classe, especialmente a partir das formula??es de Wright, elabora-se uma adapta??o da tipologia de classes formulada por tal vertente (principalmente da vers?o elaborada por Santos ao caso brasilei ro) aos dados disponibilizados pelos bancos de dados dos Censos Demogr?ficos de 2000 e 2010. Tal construto te?rico revela que, no per?odo considerado para a an?lise, a estrutura de rela??es classistas no Brasil se tornou mais proletarizada e, consequentemente, contou com uma diminui??o das dimens?es dos postos de classe ?destitu?dos?. Em acr?scimo, verificou-se, em rela??o aos interesses objetivos classistas, incrementos difusos de bem-estar econ?mico que permitiram avan?os, no que concerne ?s condi??es materiais do proletariado, sem, todavia, incorrer em perdas ?s posi??es de classe privilegiadas. Tais mudan?as na esfera estrutural incidiram de formas diversas sobre a arena pol?tica. Com base em uma adapta??o ? analise eleitoral do conceito de ?forma??o de classe?, tamb?m formulado por Wright, al?m do recurso a t?cnicas de infer?ncia ecol?gica (especialmente as propostas por King e associados), foi poss?vel elaborar um panorama do voto de classe no per?odo estudado. Como principais resultados, foram identificados tr?s padr?es gerais de comportamento eleitoral individual, relacionados a cada um dos tr?s grupamentos classistas analisados - a contraposi??o ?s candidaturas petistas, por parte dos eleitores em localiza??es de classe privilegiadas; a ades?o, recorrente ao longo de todo o per?odo estudado, dos trabalhadores ?s candidaturas Lula e Dilma Rousseff; uma guinada eleitoral favor?vel ?quelas candidaturas, empreendida pelos eleitores economicamente destitu?dos, a partir da elei??o de 2006. / This work aims to analyze, in terms of class, the social composition of the constituency of the presidential candidates of the Workers Party in 2002, 2006 and 2010 elections. Such research object is constructed from a preliminary critical debate with recent Brazilian electoral studies, especially the literature on the infl uence of social programs on voting and Singer?s formulations about the lulismo phenomenon. Incorporating advances and pointing out gaps in such research efforts, is formulated a roadmap for empirical research constituted of three key elements - the measure ment of the dimensions of class structure in Brazilian capitalism; the observation of material interests related to the constituents locations of such structure; the development of measures of association between the insertion in class groupings and indivi dual voting behavior. Based on the neo - Marxist approach of class analysis, especially as formulated by Wright, it is made an adaptation of the typology formulated by such approach (mainly developed by Santos to the Brazilian case) to the data available fro m databases of censuses of 2000 and 2010. This theoretical construct reveals that during the period considered for the analysis, the structure of class - relations in Brazil became more proletarized and consequently had a decrease of the dimensions of the de stitute class locations. In addition, it was found, in relation to the objective class interests, widespread increments of economic welfare that allowed advances in relation to the material conditions of the proletariat, without, however, incurring losses to the privileged class positions. Such changes in the structural sphere focused in various ways on the political arena. Based on an adaptation to electoral analysis of the concept of "class formation", also formulated by Wright, associated with the use of techniques of ecological inference (especially those proposed by King and associates), it was possible to draw up an overview of class voting in period studied. As main results, three general patterns of individual voting behavior, related to each of the three analyzed class groupings were identified - a contraposition against PT candidates, by voters in privileged class locations; the adhesion, recurring throughout the study period, of workers to Lula and Dilma Rousseff; a favorable electoral shift unde rtaken by economically deprived voters in favor of those candidatures in the 2006 election.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-01T19:13:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseHenriqueTarginoDiasGois_DISSERT.pdf: 8111349 bytes, checksum: df4a2a7f9ab95c60e4e75a96288b99f9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-06T00:26:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseHenriqueTarginoDiasGois_DISSERT.pdf: 8111349 bytes, checksum: df4a2a7f9ab95c60e4e75a96288b99f9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T00:26:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseHenriqueTarginoDiasGois_DISSERT.pdf: 8111349 bytes, checksum: df4a2a7f9ab95c60e4e75a96288b99f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / A administra??o de nicotina em seres humanos e roedores ? pensada como um melhorador de mem?ria e aten??o, tamb?m pelo seu efeito positivo na Doen?a de Alzheimer. O complexo do Septo Medial / Banda Diagonal de Broca (MS/DBB) ? um dos principais sistemas colin?rgicos ? massivamente projetado para o hipocampo atrav?s da F?mbria-F?rnix, via esta chamada de via septo-hipocampal. Foi demonstrado que o MS/DBB afeta diretamente o potencial de campo local (LFP) e a organiza??o r?tmica do hipocampo, especialmente na gera??o do ritmo teta - um LFP r?tmico intrinsecamente relacionado com a fun??o mnem?nica do hipocampo. Experimentos in vitro deram evid?ncias de que a nicotina aplicada no MS/DBB pode gerar um ritmo teta na rede local do MS/DBB. Assim, o presente estudo se prop?e a elucidar a fun??o da nicotina no MS/DBB sobre a via septo-hipocampal. Experimentos in vivo, comparando o efeito de microinfus?es no MS/DBB de solu??o salina (n = 5) ou nicotina (n = 8) em camundongos anestesiados por ketamina/xilazina mostraram um aumento na densidade de pot?ncia no espectro banda de gama (35 a 55 Hz) em ambas as estruturas (teste de Wilcoxon Rank-Sum, p = 0,038), mas sem alterar a coer?ncia entre as estruturas na mesma banda (teste de Wilcoxon Rank-Sum, p = 0,60). Houve tamb?m uma diminui??o na densidade pot?ncia na banda delta (1-3 Hz) ? oscila??o induzida pela ketamina. Realizamos tamb?m experimentos in vitro sobre o efeito da nicotina na voltagem de membrana e no potencial de a??o de neur?nios do MS/DBB. Registramos neur?nios (n=22) em current-clamp antes e depois da presen?a de nicotina no meio extracellular; 12 neur?nios responderam ? nicotina, metade aumentou a taxa de potenciais de a??o; outros seis diminu?ram, diferindo significativamente no limiar do potencial de a??o (- 47,3 ? 0,9 mV vs. -41 ? 1,9 mV, respectivamente, p = 0,007) e na largura do disparo (1,6 ? 0,08 vs. 2 ms ? 0,12 ms, respectivamente, p = 0,01). Al?m disso, realizamos outro conjunto de experimentos in vitro, relativo ? conectividade das tr?s grandes popula??es neuronais de MS / DBB que usam a acetilcolina, GABA ou glutamato como neurotransmissores. O registro pareado de patch-clamp mostrou que neur?nios glutamat?rgicos e GABA?rgicos realizam contatos intra-septais capazes de produzir correntes sin?pticas em neur?nios p?s-sin?pticos do MS/DBB. A probabilidade da conectividade entre diferentes popula??es neuronais foi implementada em um modelo realista que corrobora que a rede ? altamente sens?vel ? gera??o de ritmo gama. Juntamente com os dados dispon?veis, o conjunto completo de experi?ncias corrobora que a nicotina pode atuar como potenciador cognitivo, e um substrato eletrofisiol?gico prov?vel ? atrav?s da indu??o de oscila??o gama no circuito local do MS/DBB. / Nicotine administration in humans and rodents enhances memory and attention, and also has a positive effect in Alzheimer's Disease. The Medial Septum / Diagonal Band of Broca complex (MS/DBB) ? a main cholinergic system ? massively projects to the hippocampus through the fimbria-fornix, and this pathway is called the septohippocampal pathway. It has been demonstrated that the MS/DBB acts directly on the local field potential (LFP) rhythmic organization of the hippocampus, especially in the rhythmogenesis of Theta (4-8Hz) ? an oscillation intrinsically linked to hippocampus mnemonic function. In vitro experiments gave evidence that nicotine applied to the MS/DBB generates a local network Theta rhythm within the MS/DBB. Thus, the present study proposes to elucidate the function of nicotine in the MS/DBB on the septo-hippocampal pathway. In vivo experiments compared the effect of MS/DBB microinfusion of saline (n=5) and nicotine (n=8) on Ketamine/Xylazine anaesthetized mice. We observed power spectrum density in the Gamma range (35 to 55 Hz) increasing in both structures (Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test, p=0.038) but with no change in coherence between these structures in the same range (Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test, p=0.60). There was also a decrease in power of the ketamineinduced Delta oscillation (1 to 3 Hz). We also performed in vitro experiments on the effect of nicotine on membrane voltage and action potential. We patch-clamped 22 neurons in current-clamp mode; 12 neurons were responsive to nicotine, half of them increased firing rate and other 6 decreased, and they significantly differed in action potential threshold (-47.3?0.9 mV vs. -41?1.9 mV, respectively, p=0.007) and halfwidth time (1.6?0.08 ms vs. 2?0.12 ms, respectively, p=0.01). Furthermore, we performed another set of in vitro experiments concerning the connectivity of the three major neuronal populations of MS/DBB that use acetylcholine, GABA or glutamate as neurotransmitter. Paired patch-clamp recordings found that glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons realize intra-septal connections that produce sizable currents in MS/DBB postsynaptic neurons. The probability of connectivity between different neuronal populations gave rise to a MS/DBB topology that was implemented in a realistic model, which corroborates that the network is highly sensitive to the generation of Gamma rhythm. Together, the data available in the full set of experiments suggests that nicotine may act as a cognitive enhancer, by inducing gamma oscillation in the local circuitry of the MS/DBB.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-26T20:08:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThawannMalfattiBorges_DISSERT.pdf: 27333324 bytes, checksum: 7928d876effa4fd0184f0b246ecd1c34 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-29T20:35:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ThawannMalfattiBorges_DISSERT.pdf: 27333324 bytes, checksum: 7928d876effa4fd0184f0b246ecd1c34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T20:35:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThawannMalfattiBorges_DISSERT.pdf: 27333324 bytes, checksum: 7928d876effa4fd0184f0b246ecd1c34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Tinnitus is the perception of a sound in the absence of a corresponding physical stimulus. It is not clear yet what mechanisms are involved in tinnitus and how it starts and/or becomes chronic. Due to the relationship between tinnitus and somatosensory trauma/stimuli, the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), a region known to integrate somatosensory and auditory pathways, has been identified as a potential key structure in the generation of phantom sound perception. Here, we target specific neuronal populations in the DCN to allow further investigation on how this region may contribute to the generation of tinnitus signals that spread to other auditory areas. We examined the expression of optogenetic proteins (Channelrhodopsin 2 - ChR2; and enhanced Archaerhodopsin 3.0 - eArch3.0), targeting neurons expressing Calmoduline Kinase II alpha (CaMKIIa) promoter in wild-type C57/Bl6 mice and neurons expressing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 promoter (ChRNA2) in ChRNA2- Cre transgenic C57/Bl6 mice, using local virus injection, verified by fluorescence microscopy. Unit responses were differentiated based on their electrophysiological response to sound. We then investigated if firing of neurons expressing optogenetic tools can be controlled in vivo and if the same neurons also fire action potentials in response to precisely timed sound stimulation. Both in vivo and preliminary in vitro data shows that neurons expressing ChR2 do respond to sound, and that they furthermore also can respond to light stimulation with a stable and similar waveform. Moreover, in vivo data shows that neurons expressing eArch3.0, responding to sound, will decrease their firing rate when exposed to green light. Thereby showing that optogenetic tools can be used functionally in the DCN, it is possible to further test tinnitus theories by, for example, producing an increased firing rate in the DCN, trying to mimic tinnitus; or inhibiting increased spontaneous firing rate in the DCN of animals with noise-induced or salycilate-induced tinnitus.