published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1992.

Thèse--Paléographie--Paris--Ecole nationale des Chartes, 1999. / Thèse : Ecole nationale des Chartes : 1999. Sources f. 13-53. Catalogue des compositions mus. pour l'Office des ténèbres f. 54-124. Bibliogr. et discogr. f. 125-153. Index.

Denna studies syfte är att synliggöra vilket förändringsarbete som sker inom den kommunala verksamheten när organisationer går från en hieraktiskt organisationsstruktur till en processinriktidad organisation. Studien genomfördes i en svensk kommun och fallstudie användes som metod. Den data som samlades in bestod av intervjuer av individer involverade i projektet, dokumentation och egna observationer. Analysen som gjordes på fallstudien utgick från fyra olika förändringsperspektiv. Genom perspektiven kan djupare förståelse skapas för det som händer i en organisation i förändring. Enligt studien ses förändringen som någonting positivt, men nya organisatoriska hinder uppstod till följd av det nya samarbetet. Bland annat strukturella problem på hur de olika organisationerna ska vara fristående men ändå samarbetande. Studien visar på att betrakta orgranisationen ur flera perspektiv kan ge djupare förståelse av vilka effekter det får på organisationen. Bland annat kan samma situation uttrycka sig annorlunda beroende från vilket perspektiv som betraktras. Vår slutsats är att kommunal verksamhet är komplex och mycket svår att förstå. Avtal mellan kundtjänst och förvalting kan ses som enkla instruktioner till kundtjänstpersonalen. Genom flerperspektivanalys kan dessa instruktioner få en ny innebörd och visa på oförutsedda effekter för hela organisationen.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo aplicar conceitos do lean office em procedimentos administrativos do setor público. Essa proposta tem como base à aplicação de conceitos que foram criados para serem utilizados na manufatura, como a produção enxuta ou o lean manufacturing. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico sobre administração púbica, dado o contexto da pesquisa, e após sobre os conceitos da produção enxuta, que foi desdobrado nos conceitos do escritório enxuto, conceito esse conhecido também como lean office. O método da pesquisa utilizado foi à pesquisa-ação, cujo desenvolvimento deu-se na Secretaria Municipal da Fazenda da Prefeitura Municipal de São Carlos, estado de São Paulo. Coletou-se dados, com o objetivo de elaborar o mapeamento dos procedimentos e compor os elementos necessários sobre o seu funcionamento. Nesta etapa foram utilizados a observação direta, reuniões com um grupo de funcionários e análise dos documentos existentes. Ao final, obteve-se, primeiro, uma contribuição teórica, pois os conceitos do lean office foram aplicados em uma organização pública, ambiente este que difere do ambiente onde rotineiramente os conceitos lean são aplicados (manufatura), e segundo, os procedimentos administrativos do setor público propostos apresentaram melhorias em sua estrutura e desempenho. Parte das propostas sugeridas foram implantadas, como foi o caso do procedimento de atendimento fiscal a população, onde as etapas foram reduzidas de 5 para 1 e a agregação de valor no procedimento aumentou de 4,5% para 33,3%. Esses resultados foram derivados da redução de etapas de trabalho desnecessárias, da redução de tempos de processamento e eliminação de atividades que não agregavam valor. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que é possível aplicar os conceitos do lean office no setor administrativo público estudado, considerando em sua aplicação as adaptações pertinentes à organização. / This study apply lean office concepts in administrative procedures within the public sector. The concept of lean manufacturing, originally devised for production management, served as a basis for the analysis. A bibliographical survey on public administration was initially conducted, followed by a survey on lean manufacturing and its derivative concept of lean office. The action research method was adopted, and the work was developed at the city Secretary of Finance, in the city of Sao Carlos, Brazil. At the initial stages, the research focused on gathering data to allow for a comprehensive mapping of functions and procedures within the department. This phase included direct observation, meetings with the staff and the analysis of existing documentation. The work developed into both theoretical and practical contributions, as the lean management concepts were progressively adapted to the reality of the public administration environment, which differs significantly from the production environments to which these concepts were originally directed. Modifications suggested by the study were implemented, leading to relevant improvements in the structure and performance of administrative procedures. The customer service on fiscal matters, for instance, showed a 5 to 1 reduction on service steps and an increase from 4.5% to 33.3% in added value. Such improvements resulted from the cutback in unnecessary tasks, the reduction of processing times and the elimination of activities that did not add value to the services. The results revealed that the lean office concepts can be a valid approach in the administrative optimization of the public sector organization studied, provided that the proper adaptations are taken into account.

A presente dissertação tem por finalidade analisar o tema de gerenciamento de projetos, tão relevante para a execução da estratégia empresarial. A coerência entre projetos e estratégia é de suma importância para a manutenção das vantagens competitivas de uma organização. Por meio de uma experiência prática, objeto do Mestrado Profissional, essa dissertação descreve a implantação de um Escritório de Gerenciamento de Projetos (EGP) que objetivou manter a coerência entre estratégia e os projetos em andamento em uma empresa de educação. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida a partir de uma pesquisa-ação. A pesquisa-ação permitiu a verificação, após dois anos desta implantação, dos principais benefícios e fatores limitantes do EGP. Os principais resultados foram (i) a descrição de um passo a passo para a implantação de um Escritório de Gerenciamento de Projetos, em consonância com os preceitos teóricos e com a prática vivenciada, dando ênfase aos seus fatores de sucesso e (ii) a verificação dos principais benefícios e fatores limitantes para a organização, que podem ser elencados em níveis estratégicos, organizacionais e operacionais. A conclusão é que o EGP foi benéfico para a empresa, uma vez que alinhou a estratégia aos projetos em execução, garantiu a gestão e o acompanhamento de prioridades tanto para a Alta Administração quanto para os demais níveis da empresa, favoreceu a implantação de uma cultura projetizada e auxiliou na evolução do modelo de gestão da empresa / This dissertation aims to analyze the project management topic as relevant to the execution of business strategy. Consistency between projects and strategy is paramount to maintaining the competitive advantages of an organization. Through practical experience, Professional Master object, this thesis describes the implementation of a Project Management Office (PMO) aimed to maintain consistency between strategy and ongoing projects in an education company. The methodology used was a descriptive exploratory study of qualitative approach, and its method an action research. The action research allowed to check, after two years of this implementation, the main benefits and the limiting factors of PMO. The main results were: (i) the description of a step by step to the implementation of a Project Management Office, in line with the theoretical principles and the experienced practice with emphasis on their success factors and (ii) the verification of the main benefits and limiting factors for the organization, which can be listed in strategic, organizational and operational levels. The conclusion is that the PMO was beneficial to the company, since it has aligned strategy to projects running, secured the management and monitoring of priorities for both the senior management and to the other levels of the company, favored the establishment of a projected culture and helped in the evolution of the company\'s management model

M.Litt. et Phil.

Backgroud: This master thesis is about discovering the concept of ‘Activity- Based Working (ABW)’ and its application to the specific case of IKEA. ABW is a phenomenon in office design and management. From a physical perspective, it discards private offices, desks and desktop computers assigned for individual’s permanent use (Parker, 2016). Instead, the office space is rearranged with various areas tailored for different work tasks, such as hubs for teamwork, meeting areas, cubicles, phone booths, workshop areas and more (Parker, 2016; Ditchburn, 2014). The application of ABW involves in the behavioral environment in addition to the physical one. The behavioral environment is aimed to encourage collaboration, creativity, team work and flexible working (Koetsveld & Kamperman, 2011). The concept of ABW is yet under-researched. The existing literature presents the driving factors of open-plan and partially activity-based workspaces from an organizational perspective. The driving factors and expected outcomes of ABW are steered by the work-related needs by the practitioners and scholars. The needs identified by scholars, which are leading companies to take an action towards ABW are mainly organizational needs. The empirical studies reveal positive and negative outcomes of activity- based way of working, affecting physical and behavioral environments of employees, without building a relationship between the work-related needs and the outcome. In addition, these studies are very limited and they do not cover the reflections of driving factors on employees. Addressing this gap, I want to add to the literature on office space by presenting an empirical case of IKEA, which combines the rationales and experiences of employees shortly after their workspace has been transformed to ABW. My purpose is not to point out the positive or negative experience, but to reveal employees’ interpretation of the new workspace and how they experience it. Research question: How do employees interpret the rationales around the transformation of their office space into ABW and how do they experience the ABW environment? Purpose: To investigate the lived experience of IKEA employees in a physically and behaviorally changing workspace and to problematize the relationship of the rationales and experiences of employees. Method: This research is an explorative case study. The data presented in findings is collected through semi-structured interviews. Thirteen interviews conducted in three different locations of IKEA. Conclusion: The study concluded as the lived experience of employees is not mainly parallel to the rationales of organization towards changing to an activity-based environment. The findings revealed a tension between the driving factors and the lived experience. Driving factors reflect what is planned by the organization; whereas the lived experience do not directly show the impact of driving factors on the outcome. The lived experience brings the attention to the social needs of employees to be considered in workspace.

This study presents a framework for the introduction of energy considerations into the design of office buildings. The method of research and development of this study has been through a literature search combined with personal design experience in the field of commercial buildings, and the previous participation in the national competition for low energy building design. The thesis is in two parts. The first part investigates the historical development of offices up to now and shows that current office design practice establishes a pattern of high energy consumption that is carried forward for decades. It is shown how and where energy is used in office buildings and their urban context. The need to rethink settlement patterns is outlined and the concept of decentralization and mixed use developments is suggested to improve overall energy efficiency in the urban context. The second part presents energy conservation strategies, from a designer's point of view, that improve energy efficiency of office buildings. Five basic strategies are introduced and examined at the planning levels of site, lay-out, form and fabric: i) to control internal heat gains ii) to control solar heat gains iii) to minimize heat losses iv) to optimize natural ventilation v) to maximize daylight capabilities of buildings The thesis shows that the implementation of these strategies presents the architect with considerable scope for innovation rather than imposition. However, it is emphasized that the architect must be aware of the consequences of his design decisions. The factors causing the energy use in office buildings are interrelated. Therefore, once a particular strategy is adopted its consequences have to be recognized and dealt with on all planning levels. The thesis concludes that energy conservation offers architects the opportunity to design offices in a way they need less energy and provide a better working environment than it is the case today. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

This thesis deals with an architectural case study of the administrative building called Office Špitálka in the Svitava industrial zone bordered by the Svitava River in the east, Ring Road in the west, Milady Horákové Street in the north and Zvonařka Street in the south. Špitálka Smart City is located right in the centre of this area. The thesis is modelled on the Centre of the Špitálka Smart City urban study, that was the outcome of the pre-thesis seminar in the winter term 2020/21. The main feature of the building is it's futuristic design and modern concept. Apart from offices there are also spaces for commerce, eating, leisure activities or relaxation. The key atributes are the open-air atrium and the building being in direct connection to the new "Smart City“ quarter.