<p>This thesis deals with the question of how Swedish society responds when juveniles commit crimes. The focus is social work co-operating with the legal system and the interaction between these two. The aim of this study is to make visible/analyse factors that affect the choice between treatment and correction of juveniles in an emergency situation, when there is a necessity to choose between immediate preventative custody on the one hand, and detention on the other. This study analyses the selection through outcome patterns. Theoretically the base is six concepts; system/practice, and treatment/correction. Together they form a model where the actors (the social services/the police/the attorney/county administrative courts/district courts) on this juvenile field can be situated. The strategies of the actors’ decision-making are implied by either norm-rational decision-making or goal-rational decision-making. Empirical data is studied through records of immediate custody and detention of juveniles aged 15-18 years old. The immediate denial of freedom represents, in the Swedish legislation, a process whereby social services and law enforcers meet and decide whether to treat or correct the juvenile. This selection is the focus of the empirical study of this thesis. In 1992, 1998 and 2003 a national overall survey was made of all juveniles aged 15-18 years that have been either in immediate custody or in detention or both. Documentation was obtained from the courts. The results show that the general denial of freedom of juveniles have increased greatly during the years 1992, 1998 and 2003, and especially from 1998 to 2003. Almost all of the acts concern boys, even though girls are making at break-through in 2003. There are differences between the groups that either have been in detention or in immediate custody in ways of “survey-year”, “ethnic background”, “age” and “categorising of crime”. This study shows a large discrepancy between legislation and the legal practice.</p>

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om och i så fall hur motiveringarna bakom beslut gällande omedelbart omhändertagande med stöd av lag (1990:52) med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga (LVU), skiljer sig utifrån kön. Syftet med denna studie är också att undersöka vilka likheter och skillnader som finns i de ungas livsbakgrunder, som resulterat i beslut om omedelbara omhändertaganden enligt 6 § LVU. Vi ämnar att uppfylla studiens syfte med hjälp av följande frågeställningar: 1) Vilka beteenden och händelser leder till beslut om omedelbart omhändertagande för de unga? Hur kan dessa förstås ur ett genusperspektiv?  2) På vilket sätt formuleras likheter och skillnader i hur pojkars och flickors beteende och problematik beskrivs och bedöms i beslut enligt 6 § LVU? Metoden som har använts tillhör den hermeneutiska traditionen och är en textanalys formulerad av Lennart Hellspong och Per Ledin. Teorierna vi använt oss av är dels genusteori utifrån Judith Butler och denna kompletteras med de teoretiska begreppen normer och avvikande beteende. Resultatet visar att det finns både likheter och skillnader i besluten gällande flickor och pojkar. Skillnaderna är dels att de utifrån kön omhändertas på grund av olika beteenden, där pojkarna framför allt har problem som brottslighet och missbruk, medan flickornas problem snarare handlar om destruktivitet och miljön de befinner sig i. Vidare skiljer sig även formuleringarna utifrån kön, där pojkarnas beteenden är mer explicit beskrivna, medan flickornas beslut upplevs mer vaga och implicita i sina formuleringar. / The purpose of this study is to examine whether and if so, what the reasons behind the decisions on immediate custody under the Care of Young Persons Act (CYPA), differs by gender. The purpose of this study is also to examine the similarities and differences in young people's life backgrounds, which resulted in the decision on immediate care order under § 6 CYPA. We intend to examinate this using the following questions: 1) What behaviors and events leads to the decision on immediate custody of the young? How can these be understood from a gender perspective? 2) How are the similarities and differences in boys' and girls' behavior and problems described and evaluated in the decision regarding § 6 CYPA? The method used belongs to the hermeneutic tradition and is a text analysis formulated by Lennart Hellspong and Per Ledin. The theories we have used is partly based on gender theory by Judith Butler which is complemented by the theory concepts norms and deviant behavior. The result shows that there are both similarities and differences in decisions concerning girls and boys. The differences are that depending on gender the young are beeing taken in to immediate custody because of different behaviors, where the boys especially have problems like crime and abuse, while the girls' problems rather are focusing on the destructiveness and the environment they find themselves in. Furthermore, we also found different formulations based on gender. The boys' behavior is more explicitly described, and the girls' decisions are perceived more vague and implicit.

This thesis deals with the question of how Swedish society responds when juveniles commit crimes. The focus is social work co-operating with the legal system and the interaction between these two. The aim of this study is to make visible/analyse factors that affect the choice between treatment and correction of juveniles in an emergency situation, when there is a necessity to choose between immediate preventative custody on the one hand, and detention on the other. This study analyses the selection through outcome patterns. Theoretically the base is six concepts; system/practice, and treatment/correction. Together they form a model where the actors (the social services/the police/the attorney/county administrative courts/district courts) on this juvenile field can be situated. The strategies of the actors’ decision-making are implied by either norm-rational decision-making or goal-rational decision-making. Empirical data is studied through records of immediate custody and detention of juveniles aged 15-18 years old. The immediate denial of freedom represents, in the Swedish legislation, a process whereby social services and law enforcers meet and decide whether to treat or correct the juvenile. This selection is the focus of the empirical study of this thesis. In 1992, 1998 and 2003 a national overall survey was made of all juveniles aged 15-18 years that have been either in immediate custody or in detention or both. Documentation was obtained from the courts. The results show that the general denial of freedom of juveniles have increased greatly during the years 1992, 1998 and 2003, and especially from 1998 to 2003. Almost all of the acts concern boys, even though girls are making at break-through in 2003. There are differences between the groups that either have been in detention or in immediate custody in ways of “survey-year”, “ethnic background”, “age” and “categorising of crime”. This study shows a large discrepancy between legislation and the legal practice.

Barn och unga som riskerar att fara illa, kan beredas tvångsvård i enlighet med bestämmelsernai Lag (1990:52) med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga (LVU). Om det föreligger en allvarlig påtaglig risk för barnet eller den unge att fara illa under den tid som en utredning pågår, kan socialnämnden tillämpa ett omedelbart omhändertagande, vilket ska ske i akuta nödfall. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka hur och i vilken omfattning socialtjänst-/nämnd tolkar och tillämpar LVU-lagstiftningen i allmänhet men i synnerhet 6 §. I genomförandet av studien har både en kvantitativ- och en kvalitativ ansats använts, där en statistisk sammanställning av LVU-domar från förvaltningsrätterna i Falun och Stockholm från år 2017 har gjorts, samt halvstrukturerade intervjuer med socialsekreterare verksamma inom området barn och ungdom. Resultatet visar att det omedelbara omhändertagandet tillämpats i 76 % av samtliga LVU-mål som förvaltningsrätterna i Falun och Stockholm behandlade under år 2017. Socialsekreterare beskriver att det ska föreligga en akut påtaglig risk för fara, för att det omedelbara omhändertagandet ska tillämpas. Tolkningen och tillämpningen av lagen och dess bestämmelser är relativt likartad, oberoende av kommunstorlek.