Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) är en neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning som påverkar många barn i Sverige. Symtomen inkluderar ofta svårigheter att uppmärksamma information, ökad impulsivitet och hyperaktivitet, vilket kan göra det svårt för barnen med ADHD, att fungera i skolan eller i sociala sammanhang. Det är viktigt att diagnostisera och behandla ADHD så tidigt som möjligt för att hjälpa barnen att hantera sina utmaningar och lyckas i skolan och i livet. Forskning tyder på att tillskott av omega-3 och omega-6 fettsyror kan ha positiva effekter på ADHD-symtom, som minskad impulsivitet, hyperaktivitet och ouppmärksamhet. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att undersöka huruvida omega-3 och omega-6 fettsyror kan användas som en del av en behandling hos barn som har diagnostiserats med ADHD. En sökning i Pubmed utfördes för att få fram den senaste forskningen kring ADHD, omega-3 och omega-6 fettsyror. Utifrån angivna exklusions och inklusionskriterier valdes fem artiklar ut som undersökte om tillskott med omega-3 och omega-6 fettsyror kan vara en behandlingsmetod för barn med ADHD. Sammanfattningsvis tyder forskning på att tillskott av omega-3 fettsyror kan ha positiva effekter på ADHD-symtom. Det kan vara ett användbart tillägg till konventionell behandling, men är inte en ersättning för den. Ytterligare forskning behövs för att bestämma den optimala användningen och doseringen av dessa tillskott i behandlingen av ADHD.

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Cancer mammae är den mest förekommande cancerformen hos kvinnor världen över. Etiologin är för närvarande relativt okänd. I decennier har det förts en diskussion huruvida kost har ett samband med denna fruktade cancerform. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att sammanställa litteratur rörande omega 3 och omega 6 för att undersöka om det finns ett samband med cancer mammae. Litteraturstudiens metod grundar sig på Forsberg & Wengström (2010). Enbart artiklar med kvantitativ design inkluderades i litteraturstudien. Granskning och kvalitetsbedömning av artiklarna gjordes individuellt och sedan gemensamt för att försäkra hög kvalitetsgrad. Tio artiklar av varierande kvalitet inkluderades i litteraturstudien. Resultatet av de tio sammanställda artiklarna tyder på att omega 3 fettsyrorna EPA och DHA har en skyddande effekt mot cancer mammae hos postmenopausala kvinnor. Fettsyran omega 6 visade inte något signifikant resultat. Ytterligare granskning av befintliga studier samt vidare forskning rörande berört ämne bör göras för att kunna implementera denna information i en evidensbaserad omvårdnad. / Cancer mammae is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The etiology is currently relatively unknown. For decades there has been discussion whether the diet has a connection with this dreaded form of cancer. The purpose of this systematic review was to compile literature on omega 3 and omega 6 to examine whether there is a link with cancer mammae. Literature study's methodology is based on Forsberg & Wengström (2010). Only articles with a quantitative design were included in this study. Review and evaluate of the quality of articles were made individually and then jointly to ensure high-quality degree. Ten items of varying quality were included in this study. The results of the ten consolidated articles suggest that omega 3 fatty acids EPA and DHA have a protective effect on cancer mammae in postmenopausal women. Fatty acid omega 6 showed no significant results. Further analysis of existing studies and further research into the substance concerned should be made to implement this information in an evidence based nursing.

Cardiovascular disease and cardiac events are common and serious health conditions in the United States. Nutrition therapy can play a significant role in the management and treatment of cardiovascular disease, which includes cardiac events. This study examined the dietary supplement knowledge and recommendations made by registered dietitians (RDs), cardiologists, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners to treat patients after experiencing a cardiac event. Over 75 cardiologists, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners in the Tricities area of Tennessee and 3,000 RDs nationwide were asked to complete a 15-question web-based survey. Over 280 RDs and only one cardiologist responded. Findings suggest RDs are aware of evidence supporting dietary supplementation in the treatment of general heart health and cardiac events. Additionally, RDs make dietary supplement recommendations as treatment for patients who have experienced a cardiac event, specifically omega-3 fatty acids or fish oil, coenzyme Q10, and plant sterols.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ingestion on muscle damage and inflammation during the first two weeks of a novice resistance training (RT) program. Methods: This study was a placebo-controlled, double-blind design. Forty-one healthy untrained males between the ages of 18 and 28 years consumed 2,000 mg/d of either DHA or corn oil (PCB) for 44 days including a 28 day loading period. Serum fatty acids were analyzed to determine treatment efficacy. During the 17 day training period, an acute eccentric exercise bout was implemented followed by a full-body RT regimen thrice weekly. Six fasted blood draws (days 1, 2, 4, 7, 12, and 17) during this exercise period were analyzed for creatine kinase (CK) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Maximum isometric strength (ISO) of the elbow flexors, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and range of motion (ROM) were measured on day 1 prior to exercise and also on days 2, 3, 4, 7, 12, and 17. Results: The CK response and the area under the curve (AUC) analysis for DOMS trended to decrease in the DHA group in comparison to placebo (p=0.0925 and p=0.0536, respectively). Treatment showed no effect on CRP levels. DHA supplementation significantly increased serum DHA by 380% as a proportion of total fatty acids (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This study does not demonstrate convincing benefits of DHA ingestion to recovery from a new resistance exercise program but does suggest a need for further investigation. / Master of Science

Inflammatory diseases such as PCOS, autoimmune diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, etc. are all highly uncomfortable diseases with several negative side effects. By adding antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids to patients with inflammatory diseases diets, studies show that symptoms of these diseases will lessen. The objective of this study is to create a banana bread with increased omega-3 fatty acids and increased antioxidants to be served on trays of patients with inflammatory diseases and for patients to make at home to decrease symptoms related to inflammation. The experimental food should be an equal substitute for the control flavor, aroma, and texture wise. The control banana bread was substituted for an anti-inflammatory banana bread with the addition of cinnamon, dark chocolate, extra eggs, and pecans. The banana bread was made without dairy and grain for celiac patients and lactose intolerant patients. Both variations were equally accepted according to the hedonic scale, completed by 9 participants. Research was continued to confirm the of increased omega-3 fatty acids within the anti-inflammatory bread. Furthermore, walnuts were switched for pecans to test the antioxidant and fatty acid composition of both variations. Overall, we found that the walnut variation had more fatty acids, but pecans had more antioxidants. Our research suggests that both variations can be used to accommodate patients with inflammatory diseases. Further research can be done for long-term research for inflammatory disease patients that swapped the control for the variations.

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