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Föreliggande studies syfte var att beskriva diabetessjuksköterskors inom Primärvården Skaraborg upplevelser vid kostrådgivning till patienter med typ-2 diabetes. Studien undersöker frågor kring diabetessjuksköterskans ansvar, hur de påverkas av andra yrkeskategorier och patienter, svårigheter i att motivera patienten och eventuell diskrepans mellan vårdprogram och egen inställning. Informanterna var sex diabetessjuksköterskor med mångårig arbetslivserfarenhet. Studien var utformad som en kvalitativ intervjustudie. De ljudbandinspelade intervjuerna har transkriberats och analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Studiens resultat presenteras som två kategorier: Kostrådgivning som utgår från patienten och Kostrådgivning som utgår från diabetessjuksköterskan. Studiens resultat följer väl tidigare forskning och lyfter fram betydelsen av individuella skillnader i patientens förutsättningar och diabetessjuksköterskans möjligheter att motivera patienten till förändring och möjlighet att nå uppsatta mål. / The purpose of the study was to describe experiences of diabetic nurses in primary health care of Skaraborg, giving diet advice to patients with diabetes type II. The study investigates questions around responsibility of diabetic nurses, influences from other professionals and patients, difficulties in motivating the patient and an assumed discrepancy between ”guide for care” and nurses’ own attitude. The informants were six diabetic nurses with long work experiences. The design of the study was qualitative. Data collection was made by interviews and where transcribed and analysed with a content analysis. The result of the study consist of two categories; Cost advice from the patient’s perspective and Cost advice from the diabetic nurses’ perspective. The result of the study correspond to earlier research and highlights the meaning of the individual differences in conditions for the patients and the possibilities for the diabetic nurse to motivate the patient to changes and possibility to reach described targets.

I Sverige blir samtliga kvinnor mellan 23 och 60 års ålder kallade till gynekologiskcellprovskontroll. Screeningen görs för att upptäcka cellförändringar på ett tidigt stadie.Vid vår verksamhetsförlagda utbildning på barnmorskemottagning såg vi att mångakvinnor uteblev från kallelsen till gynekologisk cellprovstagning. Tidigare forskning visarpå betydelsen av regelbunden kontroll. Studier visar på olika orsaker till att kvinnor avstårfrån kontroll av olika orsaker. Däremot saknas kunskap om kvinnors inställning till varfördet är viktig med gynekologisk cellprovskontroll. Syftet med detta arbete blev därför attundersöka varför det är viktigt för kvinnan att gå på gynekologisk cellprovstagning.Metoden som används är en kvalitativ innehållsanalys utifrån en induktiv ansats. Viddenna form av analys ligger fokus på att se skillnader och likheter i textinnehållet. Tolvkvinnor valde att delta i intervju i samband med gynekologiska cellprovskontroller hosbarnmorska. Resultatet av intervjuerna består av tre huvudkategorier. Det som framkomvar rädsla för cancer, att gå bara för att bli kallad samt för att bli friskförklarad. Resultatetvisade att kvinnorna även såg de gynekologiska cellprovskontrollerna som en hälsokontrolloch att de samtidigt fick möjlighet att prata med och få information av barnmorskan viddetta tillfälle. / In the program for cervical cancer screening in Sweden women between the ages of 23 –60 years are called. The aim of the screening is to find abnormalities in the cell layers in anearly stage before it becomes cancer. At our practice at an antenatal clinic we discoveredthe fact that many women failed to come to their appointment. Therefore the aim of thisstudy is to describe why women find it important to participate in a cervical cancerscreening program. The method used for this study is qualitative analyses of fact from theoutcome of an inductive approach. By using this way to analyse fact the focus in put ondifferences and similarities of the results. When using qualitative analyses, there can beseveral different interpretations of the written text. Twelve women were positive toparticipate in the study. They were interviewed directly after having their test in thecervical cancer screening program at the antenatal clinic. The result came out in threegeneral categories, such as fear of cancer, joining the screening just because being calledand the chance of being declared fit. The result also shows that the women whoparticipated in the study thought that the cervical cancer screening was a chance to get acheck on their gynaecological health and saw the visit at their midwife as a chance toconverse and get some information from their midwife.

Introduction. The aim of the study was to assess the validity and reliability of the SF-12 questionnaire in a sample of Iranian patients undergoing hemodialysis. Materials and Methods. One hundred and forty-four hemodialysis patients were included from dialysis centers in Zanjan, Iran, and were asked to complete the SF-12 and SF-36 questionnaires. An initial test-retest reliability evaluation was performed on a sample of 70 patients from the total group, with a retest interval of 14 days. Reliability was estimated by internal consistency and validity was assessed using known-group comparisons and construct validity on the patient group as a whole. A linear regression analysis was used to assess any variation in the physical component summary and mental component summary scores of the SF-36 with the respective component summary scores of the SF-12. In addition, the factor structure of the questionnaire was extracted by performing a confirmatory factor analysis. Results. Cronbach alpha for physical and mental component summaries were 0.89 and 0.90, respectively. The SF-12 showed a good discriminatory ability between subgroups of patients based on demographic and clinical variables. The confirmatory factor analysis for the original two-factor structure showed a good fit index (chi2 = 23.30, degrees of freedom = 13), goodness-of-fit index = 0.96, and root mean squared error of approximation = 0.079). Conclusions. In general, the SF-12 has good psychometric properties and can be used as a shorter version of the SF-36 questionnaire in future studies involving Iranian patients undergoing hemodialysis.