Co-operative and State Ownership in Northern Saskatchewan Under the CCF Government examines the use of social ownership as a policy instrument by the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) government in Northern Saskatchewan from 1944 to 1964. Led by Tommy Douglas, the new government defined numerous policy problems in the North stemming from both an economy dominated by private ownership and unstable natural resource based industries. Using two types of social ownership, crown corporations and co-operatives, the CCF sought to rectify these problems and improve the standard of living in Northern Saskatchewan. This study intends to determine whether the CCF government achieved its policy goals in Northern Saskatchewan and concludes that it accomplished its policy specific goals. Although the CCF may not have revolutionized the Northern economy, it did realize some of its policy goals in the North. <p> This study is significant because it is the first to focus solely on the program of social ownership that the CCF government implemented in the North and assess the success of the program on the CCFs terms. Moreover, this thesis offers a comprehensive review of the political origins and development of co-operatives in Northern Saskatchewan.

Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la Société canadienne de la Croix-Rouge est venue en aide aux prisonniers de guerre provenant du Commonwealth. Comment cette aide fut-elle entreprise et quels furent ses principaux acteurs? L'étude des archives et publications de l'institution ainsi que de journaux quotidiens permet de répondre à ces questions et de corriger les erreurs et les vides de l'historiographie. La Croix-Rouge a fait parvenir aux prisonniers différents colis contenant notamment de la nourriture, des vêtements et des médicaments, et a également facilité la communication entre ces captifs et leurs parents. Malgré certains obstacles importants, cette aide fut bénéfique pour la santé et le moral de chacun. Cette oeuvre n'aurait pu exister sans le dévouement de la population canadienne. Des spécialistes organisèrent les activités de l'institution, alors que des bénévoles -surtout des femmes -confectionnèrent et empaquetèrent les articles envoyés aux prisonniers. Quant à la population en général, elle fournit les sommes nécessaires à la poursuite de ces activités. L'ampleur de la participation populaire peut être attribuée en partie aux médias et aux publications de l'institution, qui diffusèrent une image positive de cette dernière et combattirent les rumeurs à son sujet. Le gouvernement fut l'instigateur de certaines activités, et s'assura que les ressources utilisées par la Croix-Rouge fussent utilisées adéquatement. Il exerça un contrôle sur l'institution, et en tira également certains avantages politiques et sociaux. Finalement, les Croix-Rouges étrangères firent à la Croix-Rouge canadienne des demandes, et lui proposèrent des idées, des expertises et des solutions. En somme, l'aide fournie durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale par la Société canadienne de la Croix-Rouge aux prisonniers de guerre provenant du Commonwealth a, de loin, dépassé les quelques événements recensés dans l'historiographie. Un plus grand crédit devrait être donné à la population, mais le travail des médias, du gouvernement canadien et des autres Croix-Rouges nationales doit également être reconnu. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Organisation non gouvernementale, Humanitaire, Bénévolat, Campagnes de financement, Colis de vivres, Médias, Gouvernement, Services nationaux de guerre.

This explorative study is a qualitative assessment of culture as a critical aspect of public relations practice in Puerto Rico. Reviewing definitions of culture, Hofstede's dimensions of cultural values, the Excellence Theory, and international case studies, this study sought to answer the following research questions: What national cultural traits have an impact on the practice of public relations in Puerto Rico? Do Puerto Rican practitioners feel their own cultural characteristics have an impact on their practice of public relations? Does the cultural diversity of Puerto Rico have an impact on public relations practice in that country? Does the country's strong relationship with the U.S. influence public relations practitioners to use Western-based public relations practices? Qualitative data was gathered through unstructured in-depth interviews, using a "culture bag" concept and storyboards to capture the practitioners' perspectives. In addition, quasi-ethnographic records in relation to public relations education, a local newspaper scan, and a website content analysis of public relations agencies were analyzed.The main themes found in the interviews included the political climate, a strong sense of Puerto Rican nationality, with tradition and family as key national cultural elements. National cultural traits identified during the interviews included having a participative, humanitarian and mostly homogeneous public; however, practitioners disagreed on whether these national characteristics truly affected their communications practices. Despite the disagreement of impact, practitioners reported that communications needs were very similar and geared to one overwhelming majority, rather than public-specific communications. Many noted the preferred communication style used emotional appeals targeted to the themes referenced above and viewed events as an ideal tactic for communications. Moreover, the U.S. Moreover, the U.S. influences in public relations education is notable as the university courses are taught in Spanish, but with English-written American textbooks. The theory discussed is mostly U.S. based. In addition, the lack of Puerto Rican authored literature and research is noted, and concern over licensing of practitioners was mentioned. The scan of local newspapers did not reveal many public relations issues. The website content analysis of local public relations agencies showed half of the websites as Puerto Rico specific and the prominent language used as English.

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The plan to train Commonwealth pilots and aircrew on Canadian soil from 1939-1945 was a critical component to the Allied victory in the Second World War. As part of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP), Canada graduated 131,553 men from training stations across the country. This thesis examines the experience of two British Columbia communities, Delta and Abbotsford, as hosts to BCATP stations. It concludes that both sites experienced a profound social and economic impact as a result of their role in training pilots and aircrew. Hosting a training station meant an immediate influx of jobs, infrastructure, money and excitement. In addition, the airfields left behind after the war ended still exist today as viable economic entities in their communities and as valuable hubs in Canada’s aviation network. / Graduate

The authorities who have examined the decisions made in Britain on the appeasement of Europe hardly consider the influence of United States and dominion opinion. Even in the 1960s the general works thought the dominions worth, at most, one or two lines. D.C. Watt implied dominion responsibility for the policy of the appeasement of Europe, but as Nicholas Mansergh has pointed out this is still an open question. Consideration of the influence of United States opinion on British policy has seemingly also been stunted by the European orientation of scholars. Several monographs do touch upon the subject. The usual verdict is that Chamberlain ignored United States opinion, cold shouldered any overture that Roosevelt made, and failed to assist in drawing the United States from isolationism. The purpose of this thesis is to reexamine the question in the light of the new evidence available in the papers of the committee of imperial defence, the cabinet, the cabinet committee on foreign policy, the dominions office, the foreign office, the papers for the prime minister, and the private collections of various participants such as Templewood, Inskip, Vansittart, Zetland, Samuel, Halifax, Simon, Colonel Arthur Murray and Lothian. Some account is attempted of the development of opinion in the United States, In the case of the dominions it was thought necessary to offer a fuller analysis of internal political developments which have not before been considered in relation to the influence of the doninions on British foreign policy. Newspaper reports, political speeches, and parliamentary debates which affected opinion and decisions at the time have been reexamined.

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