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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Development of a new approach (“Myc-PDI”) for the treatment of onychomycosis

Shamali, Nedaa 30 January 2020 (has links)
Die Onychomykose ist eine sehr häufige Erkrankung, deren Auftreten weltweit zunimmt und mit einer Pilzinfektion der Nägel einhergeht. Die Ineffizienz der verabreichte Antimykotika motiviert Bemühungen, nach alternativen Behandlungsmethoden zu suchen. Diese Dissertation untersucht die Auswirkungen der photodynamischen Inaktivierung (PDI) auf Dermatophyten und Schimmelpilze. Als Modellorganismen werden drei der Onychomykose auslösenden Pathogene untersucht: Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale und der Schimmelpilz Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Um das Potenzial der PDI gegen Onychomykose verursachende Pathogene, abzuschätzen, wurden Phototoxizitätstests mit drei Photosensibilisatoren (PS) durchgeführt: 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrintetra(p-toluenesulfonate) (TMPyP) und and 5,10,15-tris-(1-methylpyridinium-2-yl) corrolato-(trans-dihydroxo) phosphorus(V) (PCor+) sowie 4',5',7'-tetrabromo-3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene] -1-one (Eosin G). Neben den Phototoxizitätstests wurden zeitaufgelöste Singulettsauerstoff-Lumineszenz Scans aufgenommen, die zur Verifizierung der PDI Effizienz genutzt wurden. Alle drei PS zeigen in vitro eine hohe phototoxische Wirkung. Diese konnte mit Singulettsauerstoff-Lumineszenzmessungen korreliert werden, bei denen ein hohes Singulettsauerstoff-Lumineszenzsignal erfasst wurde. An infizierten menschlichen Nägeln konnten die PS keinen phototoxischen Effekt induzieren. Singulettsauerstoff-Scans, die für einen Einblick in die zugrundeliegenden Ursachen durchgeführt wurden, zeigten fast kein Singulettsauerstoff-Lumineszenzsignal an menschlichen Nägeln. Könnten die verschiedenen bekannten Herausforderungen im Zusammenhang mit PDI an infizierten menschlichen Nägeln bewältigt werden, hätte die PDI das Potenzial, eine schnellwirkende Behandlung dieser Pilzinfektion im Zehennagel zu werden. Diese Studie zeigt erstmals den Zusammenhang zwischen der PDI-Behandlung von Onychomykose und Singulettsauerstoff. / Onychomycosis is a very common illness that befalls an increasing number of individuals worldwide and involves a fungal infection of the nails. The inefficiency of current treatments justifies the efforts to look for alternative treatment modalities. This dissertation investigates the impact of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) against dermatophytes and molds. Three of the causing pathogens of onychomycosis are under investigation: Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum), Trichophyton interdigitale (T. interdigitale) and the mold Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (S. brevicaulis). To assess the potential of PDI against onychomycosis causing pathogens, phototoxicity tests were performed using three photosensitizers (PSs): the cationic 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrintetra(p-toluenesulfonate) (TMPyP) and 5,10,15-tris-(1-methylpyridinium-2-yl) corrolato-(trans-dihydroxo) phosphorus(V) (PCor+) as well as the anionic 4',5',7'-tetrabromo-3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one (Eosin Y). Alongside the phototoxicity tests, time resolved singlet oxygen luminescence scans were conducted to serve as a control method of PDI. All three PSs proved to have a high phototoxic effect against the three fungi species in vitro. Those could be correlated with singlet oxygen measurements, where a high singlet oxygen luminescence signal was acquired. Contrary to the expectations from the in vitro experiments were the results obtained ex vivo: On infected human nails, the PSs were not able to induce a phototoxic effect. Singlet oxygen scans conducted to get insight into the reasons behind these results showed nearly no singlet oxygen luminescence signal on human nails. Addressing the various known challenges associated with PDI on infected human nails PDI would have a great impact within short time on treating the toenail fungal infection. This study, for the first time, shows the correlation between PDI treatment of onychomycosis and singlet oxygen.
2

Examination of Subungual Hematomas and Subungual Melanocytic Lesions by Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Dermoscopy

Hobelsberger, Sarah, Laske, Jörg, Aschoff, Roland, Beissert, Stefan 16 May 2024 (has links)
Introduction: Examination of subungual pigmented lesions is sometimes a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. Objectives: The study was aimed to investigate characteristic patterns in optical coherence tomography (OCT) of subungual hematomas and determine distinctive features that can differentiate them from subungual melanocytic lesions. Methods: VivoSight® (Michelson Diagnostics, Maidstone, UK) was used to examine 71 subungual hematomas and 11 subungual melanocytic lesions in 69 patients (18 female and 51 male patients). Results: On OCT, bleeding was related to sharply defined black sickle-shaped (p < 0.001) or globular regions (not significant [ns]) with a hyperreflective margin (0.002), a grey center (0.013), hyperreflective lines in the area (ns) or periphery (p = 0.031), peripheral fading (p = 0.029), and red dots in the area (p = 0.001). In the 1 case of melanoma in situ examined, we found curved vessels with irregular sizes and distribution on the dermis of the nailbed, while subungual hematomas and subungual benign nevi presented as clustered red dots and/or regularly distributed curved vessels. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the use of OCT in addition to dermoscopy provides high-resolution optical imaging information for the diagnosis of subungual hematoma and facilitates the differential diagnosis of subungual hematomas and subungual melanocytic lesions.

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