De nos jours, de multiples travaux de recherches s’intéressent au secteur du logiciel libre (ou Open Source). Ceux-ci ont pour la plus part traité la question de la motivation des développeurs dans la dynamique de création collective de la valeur. Notre travail vient à la suite de la forte industrialisation de cette activité, qui attire des acteurs guidés principalement par la perspective de la captation de valeur économique, dans un contexte de faible degré d’appropriation de valeur puisque les droits de propriété sont proscrits pour les logiciels Open Source. Cette situation bouscule les principes de base et l’identité des projets Open Source remettant ainsi en cause la pérennité des Business Models (BM).Notre étude met en lumière le BM, non pas comme un outil, mais comme un ensemble de phases au cours desquelles la pérennité doit être analysée et anticipée. Nous avons aussi mis en avant la nécessité d’analyser la pérennité dans l’Open Source sur quatre dimensions ou niveaux (pérennité des logiciels, pérennité des entreprises éditrices de logiciel open source, pérennité des communautés Open Source et pérennité des données). Par la suite, grâce à notre démarche qualitative basée sur trois études de cas et sur 52 entretiens semi-directifs, nous avons pu identifier des points de tension et mis en évidence leurs impacts sur la pérennité des BM Open Source lors des phases de création, de captation et de partage de la valeur. C’est ainsi qu’il est ressorti comme risques, le détournement de la valeur et le comportement de free rider développé par les acteurs pour tenter de renforcer l’appropriabilité de la valeur. Cela passe d’une part par les tentatives de rétention de connaissances et d’autre part, par la nécessité de maintenir en interne les capacités intellectuelles détenues principalement par les développeurs. Cela pose les dilemmes entre ouverture/fermeture et rétention/diffusion. Nous exposons pour finir dans ce travail des éléments qui ressortent comme étant déterminants pour la pérennité des BM Open Source. / Nowadays, several research works are interested in the free software industry (or Open Source). Most of them have addressed the issue of developers’ motivation in a dynamic collective creation of value. Our work therefore comes as a result of the heavy industrialization of this activity, which attracts software developers primarily guided by the desire of creating economic value, in a context of low levels of ownership value, as property rights are prohibited for Open Source software. This disrupts the basic principles and identity of Open Source projects and therefore questions the sustainability of business models (BM).Our study highlights the BM, not as a tool, but as a series of steps in which sustainability should be analyzed and anticipated. We’ve also emphasized on the need to analyze the sustainability in Open Source in four dimensions or levels (the sustainability of open source software, sustainability of companies creating such freeware, Open Source communities and data’ sustainability). Subsequently, through our qualitative approach based on three case studies and 52 semi-structured interviews, we were able to identify some points of tension and highlighted their impact on the sustainability of Open Source BM during their phases of creation, capturing and sharing of value. Thus it has emerged some risks such as, the diversion of value and the free rider behavior developed by actors who try to strengthen appropriateness of value. This requires on one hand some knowledge retention efforts and on the other hand, the need to maintain internal intellectual capacity primarily held by developers. This creates dilemmas between opening and closing; retention and release. Finally we explain in this work element that stands out as critical to the sustainability of Open Source BM.

En ce début de XXIème siècle, l’époque où seul la technique transformait la société toute entière est clairement révolue. Certes, les révolutions techniques sont là : interconnexion des personnes, explosion de l’internet, apparition de nouvelles formes d’énergies, de nouveaux procédés de production, de nouveaux matériaux etc... mais l’homme n'est plus un simple consommateur sensible au prix et aux incitations de l’état. Il souhaite être acteur et participer à l’utilisation des nouvelles technologies mais de manière raisonnée et en intégrant les grands enjeux sociétaux tels que le partage et la sauvegarde des ressources et matières premières. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans cette problématique globale: en effet tout au long du manuscrit nous réfléchissons à comment une révolution technique tel que la fabrication additive (FA) est prise en main par des citoyens dans des lieux de partage de la connaissance que sont les FabLabs, et plus précisément, s’il est possible et de quelle manière introduire de la durabilité dans le contexte open-source. Nous voyons dans un premier temps, comment la problématique sociétale forte du recyclage des matériaux se développe dans le contexte de la FA en générale et plus particulièrement nous proposons une revue bibliographique systématique sur le sujet. Dans un second temps nous recentrons notre recherche sur la FA dans le contexte open source et nous montrons que les machines dans ce contexte, bien qu’à des coûts très faibles par rapport aux machines professionnelles, ont cependant des niveaux de reproductibilités suffisant pour que l’on les utilise dans le cadre d’une recherche poussée. Dans le troisième chapitre nous proposons une méthodologie générale fixant l’étude du recyclage de polymères thermoplastiques dans le contexte open-source. Dans le quatrième chapitre nous utilisons la méthodologie vu précédemment pour le recyclage de l’acide polylactique (PLA). Nous montrons le niveau de dégradation de la matière à travers l’ensemble du procédé et concluons qu’il est possible de recycler le PLA pour l’impression 3D mais dans une moindre mesure que pour les procédés d’injection. Enfin nous concluons et proposons en perspective d’étudier le recyclage en circuit court d’autres polymères thermoplastique / Since the beginning of the XXI century, we can recognize that several technical (r)evolutions have changed the way we conceived our world. New realities have appeared thanks to the information and communication technologies (e.g. Internet), peer-to-peer dynamics (e.g. open software/hardware, collaborative economy), new means of production (fablabs, hackerspaces), among others. One of the impacts of this technical ecosystem is the individual's empowerment that changes the relationship between consumer and producer. For instance, we observe an evolution of role passing from a passive consumer towards an active prosumer, where this latter considers not only economic aspects, but also social and environmental issues.This thesis is integrated in this global issue; indeed, throughout the manuscript we analyze about the impact of open-source (OS) Additive Manufacturing (AM) (also as known as open-source 3D printing or just 3D printing) in the light of the sustainability issues. The democratization of OS AM and the creation of spaces for co-creation (e.g. FabLabs) proved the interest for changes in the established roles. Therefore, we are interested in how this OS technology could develop sustainable waste management options through a polymer recycling process. In a first phase, we present the concept of additive manufacturing (AM) and its importance on sustainability issues. A systematic literature review related to the material recycling advances in the commercial and open-source (OS) AM is developed with a focus on thermoplastic polymer recycling.In a second phase, our aim is to validate open-source AM systems as a reliable manufacturing tool. We develop and test an experimental protocol in order to evaluate the dimensional performance using as case study a representative OS 3D printer: called FoldaRap. It was found that the International Standard Tolerance Grade of this machine is situated between IT14 and IT16. We conclude that the dimensional performance of this case study is comparable to the commercial AM systems, taking into account the important different in terms of machine cost. In a third phase, we center our attention on the recycling process and we propose a systematic methodology to evaluate the feasibility of the use of recycled thermoplastic polymer in OS 3D printers. A case study is developed with the evaluation of the recycling process using polylactid acid (PLA). The results allow us to conclude that the use of recycled PLA is technically feasible. Nevertheless, the degradation of the material is more important than in other traditional manufacturing systems (e.g. injection). Finally, we concludes and propose as perspectives, the study of a distributed recycling process for other type of polymers

Due to a rapid increase in aging population, demand for personalized health care increases proportionally. Personalized patient data can be a helpful way of catering the needs and requirements of elderly people staying at home. Indirectly, it can be a manner of providing better eHealth services according to their needs. Another interesting aspect of providing better personalized eHealth services is to make patient information systems interoperable. Interoperability of eHealth systems is an issue of great concern to current research and development but in this study, we focus on patient information systems. Like in some other European countries, introduction of open source platform to achieve interoperability and personalization of patient information system could save money for health care organizations and make the procedure easier in Sweden also. The purpose of this study is to identify what standards are available for interoperability and what are the benefits and challenges of introducing open source systems for achieving personalized interoperable patient information systems (PIPIS). In light of this investigation, author has identified the benefits and challenges of introducing OSS for achieving PIPIS. Author has also made several recommendations regarding the challenges identified. / In the name of ALLAH, the most gracious and merciful. I extend my gratitude to the beautiful creator of this beautiful universe that He made for us to conquer. Without the love of my parents this thesis report could never be possible for me to write. All my love and care is for them which no one else can share. I thank Mr. Hans Kyhlbäck whose supervision is a source of inspiration for doing this study. He is definitely the best supervisor to work with. In the end, I would like to thank my friends and colleagues whose help just kept me going despite of many hurdles that I faced.

Open Source och relaterade mjukvarukoncept och utvecklingsmodeller är vid det här laget allmänt bekanta och har varit föremål för många studier. Open Source Hardware är mindre spritt och studerat, och så även emergent teknologi som för in traditionellt industriella tekniker som 3D-printing, laserskärare, och CAD-baserade produktionsverktyg i mindre skala i hem- och hobbymiljöer. Dessa ämnen har främst studerats ur mer renodlat tekniska perspektiv, snarare än att sättas i samband i en vidare kontext. Denna kombinerar internet som infrastruktur och socialt medium för kunskaps- och resursdelning; open source-koncept; de möjligheter som tillgängligheten av mer och mer kapabel och överkomlig hårdvara byggd på öppen design bereder; och andra relaterade socio-tekniska fenomen vilka börjat framträda de senaste 5-10 åren. I denna uppsats undersöker jag denna större kontext. Uppsatsen har utförts i form av en litteraturstudie av existerande forskning inom ovanstående diskreta områden, och i den mån de finns även dess inbördes relationer. Denna kontext framträder som ett emergent paradigm kring produktion av hemelektronik, och även som exemplifierande trenden av teknologins fortsatta intåg som allestädes närvarande i våra liv och vår omgivning. Resultaten indikerar en gryende förändring i hur vi interagerar med teknik, vilka som gör det och varför, i vilka kontexter, och ett framträdande av en ny ekonomi. Jag visar på att ytterligare forskning behövs, och att perspektivet bör flyttas från att analyseras enbart i diskreta termer som teknik, open source-principer, DIY et cetera, utan även till vad som framstår som resultatet där dessa konvergerar, den naturliga konsekvensen av ett folkligt anammande av denna teknik och open source-koncept.

Diploma thesis is focused on the implementation of customer relationship management and Business Intelligence solutions in the small business company using open source technologies. Main objective of the thesis is implementation of CRM and Business Intelligence and evaluation of usability of these solutions. Thesis describes basic elements of these solutions. For the setting up metrics is using Balanced Scorecard. In the next part of this thesis is designed the whole Business Intelligence including the creating of data model and OLAP cubes using open source technologies. Theoretical background is described in the first part of thesis. There are defined basic terms from scope of strategic management using Balanced Scorecard, CRM and Business Intelligence. Thesis demonstrates using and creation of the whole Business Intelligence solution. There are also evaluated difficulties in implementation of these products. In thesis is designed data warehouse and the whole solution including reports.

Desde sua criação, o Linux trouxe muita atenção ao movimento open-source, e à concreta possibilidade de se usar soluções de baixo custo em missões críticas. Nos últimos anos, esta possibilidade tornou-se real com a criação de vários clusters de alta disponibilidade. Atualmente, existem pelo menos 10 soluções de clusters open-source e mais de 25 comerciais. Cada um destes projetos teve uma abordagem diferente para o problema, embora todos tenham enfrentado dificuldades semelhantes. Se houvesse alguma padronização nesta área, esforços poderiam ter sido reaproveitados, e não duplicados. Neste contexto, o Open Clustering Framework (OCF) é um projeto open-source que visa definir um padrão para clusters em Linux. Um dos serviços mais importantes em um cluster é o serviço de pertinência. Ele é responsável por criar e manter o grupo, sendo assim importante para inúmeras aplicações. Sistemas de alta disponibilidade baseiam-se no serviço de pertinência para garantir o funcionamento dos recursos oferecidos por um cluster. Esta dissertação visa apresentar vários conceitos relativos a clusters, alta disponibilidade e serviços de pertinência. Com estes conceitos definidos, iremos implementar um serviço de pertinência, que será baseado no framework proposto pelo OCF, de maneira que esta implementação possa ser posteriormente incorporada a qualquer cluster que siga a especificação OCF. / Since its creation, Linux has brought attention to the open-source movement, and to the concrete possibility of using low cost solutions in critical mission systems. In the last years, this possibility has become real due to the creation of several high availability clusters. Today there are at least 10 open-source solutions and more than 25 commercial ones. Each one of these projects had a different approach to the problem, altought all of them had faced similar difficulties. If there was a standard in this area, efforts could be shared, and not duplicated. In this context, the Open Clustering Framework (OCF) is an open-source project that aims to define a cluster standard for Linux. One of the more important services in a cluster is the membership service. It is responsible for creating and maintaing the group. For this reason, it is important for many applications: high availability systems rely on this service to garantee the execution of the resources provided by a cluster. This thesis aims to present several concepts related to clusters, high availability and membership services. Having the concepts been defined, we will implement a membership service based on the OCF framework, in order to be able to incorporate this implementation in any OCF compliant cluster.

Developing countries like Tanzania experience challenges towards utilization and acceptance of ICT; calling for a need to further research on the concept. Open Source (OS) usage is a potential strategy for addressing such challenges. However, the success of this strategy strongly relies on the strength of the promotional efforts. The study, therefore aims at assessing the OS promotional efforts in relation to ICT acceptance challenges in Tanzania. This study entailed a descriptive, mixed-methods research. A literature analysis, document analysis and observations of OS community activities were conducted in order to list the ICT acceptance challenges. The results formed a basis for survey and interview questions. The findings obtained were triangulated to determine the existing OS promotional activities and assess the effectiveness of the promotional efforts in addressing ICT acceptance challenges in Tanzania. The study also makes recommendations on how OS promotional efforts should be changed to improve their effectiveness. / Computing / M.Sc. (Information Systems)

Diploma thesis deals with the issue of statistical reporting Energy regulátory office ČR. The introduction describes the contents regularly published reports on the operation of the electricity system in the Czech Republic. In the thsis deals with the analysis of statistical reports. Processing code in Python and describes its implementation in analytical platform KNIME.

This thesis deals with analysis and possibilities of improvements in the area of customer relationship management in a company. There is a theoretical framework regarding customer relationship management and CRM systems including their implementation. The thesis includes analysis of current state of CRM in a concrete company and a proposal of a new CRM system implementation schedule based on the analysis. Finally, there is a discussion of benefits of the proposed project and author's proposals heading to improvements of CRM in the company.

This work describes actual state of open-source browsers on the Android platform and compares their features. It describes webpage classification problem and methods how to detect porn websites. It also shows a design of a system for blocking and detection of webpages with adult content and its implementation. For pornography detection there were used text based methods but also methods based on detection in images from web page with deep learning. Implemented solution was tested with experiments and described. The last chapter contains summarization of this work and proposal of improvements.