This thesis is an exaggerated perspective arcade. The exaggerated perspective has a vantage point that is placed across the street from the site and is differentiated from the sidewalk. Therefore, the position at which the arcade is optimally viewed is demarcated. Over its 100 feet in length, the arcade converges and all the elements within the false perspective diminish in size to support the optical illusion. Constructed perspective techniques and anamorphic perspective techniques are utilized to construct this ideal view of the arcade between the two buildings. / Master of Architecture

In a society where people are always making plans and running in-between places, uncontrollable scenarios, such as rain, can be read as mere obstacles to the much acclaimed ‘routine’. With a strong appreciation for unexpected events, I instead want to propose a solution to make people approach rain in a more curious way, building for it a celebrative setting. A path of analysis, research, and experimental testing led to the design of a possible transformation of a rainwater harvesting system into a lighting installation. Considering the current climate change conditions, and the severe drought situations in some areas, rain has to be interpreted today not just as a poetic phenomenon, but also as a necessary and primary resource.  In TOTEN, daylight and artificial light are combined in a dynamic storyline, with the goal to emphasize the presence or the lack of rain and to make people gain insight about the rainfall trend. While an optical illusion and colors are asked to achieve a communicative and attractive condition, the structure wants to be clean and easily affordable. Reminiscent of a totemic sculpture, TOTEN appears, in the results, as a symbolic place where light and water use their liquid shapes to tell stories.

This bachelor degree work explores textile print with illusionary qualities, and aims to challenge the viewers visual perception and ideas of reality. With focus on creating three-dimensional illusionary prints the motive is to question how we evaluate design in relation to society and expected imagery. By working with the techniques of weaving, digitally developed print and transfer printing techniques this work strives to create an opportunity for the viewer to expand their idea of reality.

This document vaguely describes what happened to me and my paintings during my time spent at VCU.

The area of this work is a combination of draping and printing. It strives towards the technique that dazzles the eye with illusions of more than one dimension. As a viewer you will believe that the prints are real drapings while they are flat surfaces. Today prints in fashion are categorized as placed prints or all-over prints, and generally created as a flat surface to decorate the garments. In this work the idea is to manipulate and challenge the boundaries of print and give it life through the body shapes and in the movement. Potentially this work could be an introduction to a new way of working with prints in fashion. This work could poosibly be presented as a new technique where placed- print and all-over prints comes together- called placed all-over prints. Also, it could develop into further techniques in using two-dimensional flatness and save fabric in using photography as an option to the real three-dimensional drapings. Furthermore could it mean savings in material as a conscious choice in the process ? This investigation explores two particular kinds of techniques, - print and draping, that are merged into one expression. The aims of this work is to find new ways of using print in combination with draping in dress and explore the possibilities to find a new technique to create interesting womenswear. To unite dimensions like two-dimensional and three-dimensional as a method of finding new forms and expressions. Through experiments with striped textiles the focus is to investigate the possibilities of greater visual effects on two-dimensional prints. For a depth and to exaggerate the directions in the fabric before translating it into a flat surface the striped textile can be a tool for further design. The striped textile has the potential to help the eye to understand the directions in the print and can be used in more than one dimension and color. To explore how to create 3D effect on 2D in print design through draping in dress is the aim of this work. / Program: Modedesignutbildningen

Geometrical optical illusions such as the Muller Lyer illusion and the Ponzo illusion have been widely researched over the past 100+ years, yet researchers have not reached a consensus on why human perception is deceived by these illusions or which illusions are the results of the same effects. In this paper, I study these illusions through the lens of a convolutional neural network. First, I successfully train the network to correctly classify how a human would perceive a particular class of illusion (such as the Muller Lyer illusion), then I test the network’s ability to generalize to illusions that it was not trained on (like the Ponzo illusion). I do not find that these networks generalize effectively. Tests to better understand how the network learns to classify these illusions suggest the networks are checking for image data in specific ‘activation regions’ in order to make classifications rather than analyzing the entire illusions.

Šiame darbe analizuojamos optinės judesio iliuzijos galimybės ir formos, vykstant dinamiškai žiūrovo ir kūrinio sąveikai. Vienas iš būdų judesio iliuzijai suformuoti – optinės iliuzijos kuriamas realiai neegzistuojantis vaizdas, atsirandantis dėl mūsų regos ir suvokimo specifikos. Judesio iliuzija naudojam optiniame bei kinetiniame mene, animacijoje. Analizuojamas Muaro efektas, tarnaujantis priemone žiūrovo ir meno kūrinio sąveikai skatinti. Aptariami kūriniai, kurių meninei idėjai atskleisti kūrinio ir žiūrovo kontakto metu vienas iš jų turi būti judėjimo būsenoje. Gvildenamas ekonomiškumo animacijoje klausimas: analizuojami pavyzdžiai kuomet judesio iliuzija kuriama minimaliomis priemonėmis, išnaudojant žmogaus aplinkos suvokimo galimybes. Analizuojant Analizuojant optinę iliuziją naudojusių kūrėjų darbus darytina išvada, kad ji, dinamiškoje sąveikoje veikdama pojūčius ir sąmonę, kūriniui suteikia įtaigumo o kūrėjui papildomų galimybių manipuliuoti žiūrovu. Kūrybinė dalis - muaro animacijos principu sukurta instaliacija „Motus Animus“. Jos idėjinis-meninis pagrindas – minčių, idėjų, stereotipų kopijavimas, dalijimasis bei plagijavimas vartotojiškoje industrinėje visuomenėje. / This paper concentrates on analyzing the potential and forms of optical illusion in relation to dynamic interaction between the art work and the viewer. Illusion of motion is an image that is created by optical illusion that does not exist in reality, but is registered in the mind because of our visual and cognitive specifications. Optical illusion of motion is used in optical and kinetic art and animation. This paper analyzes Moire effect that is a measure to encourage interaction between a creation and a viewer. This paper discusses art works that in order to reveal their artistic idea, the art work or viewer must move. Also this paper disputes the economy in animation: the cases are analyzed, when optical illusion of motion is achieved by using minimal means and exhausting the possibilities of man’s cognition. The analysis of the works of arts’ of artists that used optical illusion, the conclusion is made that optical illusion in dynamic interaction affects senses and consciousness and therefore delivers suggestibility to the work of art and more possibilities to manipulate the viewer to the artist. The creative project of thesis is an installation “Motus Animus” created by using Moire animation. The ideological and artistic background constitutes of copying, sharing and plagiarizing thoughts, ideas and stereotypes in consumption industrial society.

This degree work explores the possibilities of illusory print expressions in fashion design, through the layeringand gathering of opaque and transparent garments. The three-dimensional illusion, in the silhouettes, createan interesting relationship between multiple layering of garment and print. In combination they expressdepth, movement and deception on the human body resulting in an interesting effect that creates an opticalillusion. The discovery of illusionary effect is a result of multiple investigations between diverse prints invarious materials gathered in layers. Depending on which angle the viewer look, different visual illusionsappear and activates the feeling of movement and three-dimensional illusion on the human body. The effectof utilizing different tactility surfaces in the concept of layering is a new visual expression in dressing. Theoutcome should be seen as a motivation to explore and translate things around us by transforming the worldinto a print and decorate it on the body in multiple layers and colors.

This diploma thesis deals with the influence of geometric abstraction and op art on art and the use of new media in video art. Above all, it focuses on selected Czech artists of these directions and their work. The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the beginnings of geometric abstraction and its expansion, especially in the second half of the twentieth century in Bohemia. Important names of this direction are mentioned here, namely Jan Kubíček, Hugo Demartini, Zdeněk Sýkora and Milan Grygar. Following the geometric abstraction, there are tendencies to create geometric optical illusions outlined in the chapter devoted to op art. The work of Vladislav Mirvald and Radoslav Kratina is highlighted here. In addition, it devotes itself mainly to the penetration of new media into video art and overall to the arts as such. Mr and Mrs Vasulka are mentioned as representatives of video art. They have contributed to the development of this direction, primarily through their creativity and inventiveness during their creative work. The text describes the issue not only from a global point of view, but also focuses on the development of Czech art. The practical part reflects the knowledge of the theoretical part and unifies the elements of the above-mentioned directions by creating an authorial video using mainly the principles of geometric abstraction.

Transformation optics, a recently booming area, provides people a new approach to design optical devices for manipulating light. With transformation optics, a lot of novel optical devices are proposed, such as invisibility cloaks, optical wormholes, optical black holes, illusion devices. The present thesis is devoted to investigate transformation optics for manipulating light. Firstly, an introduction to transformation optics is given. This part includes: (1) introducing differential geometry as the mathematical preparation; (2) expressing Maxwell’s equations in an arbitrary coordinate system and introducing the concept of transformation media as the foundation stone of transformation optics; (3) discussing light from the geometry perspective as the essence of transformation optics; (4) showing how to use transformation optics to design optical devices. For our works on invisibility cloaks, we analyze the properties of arbitrary shaped invisibility cloaks, and confirm their invisibility abilities. The geometrical perturbations to cylindrical and spherical shaped cloaks are analyzed in detail. We show that the cylindrical cloak is more sensitive to the perturbation than a spherical cloak. By imposing a PEC (PMC) layer at the interior boundary of the cylindrical cloak shell for TM (TE) wave, the sensitivity can be reduced dramatically. A simplified non-magnetic cylindrical cloak is also designed. We show that the dominant zeroth order scattering term can be eliminated by employing an air gap between the cloak and the cloaked region. We propose a compensated bilayer by a folding coordinate transformation based on transformation optics. It is pointed out that complementary media, perfect negative index lens and perfect bilayer lens made of indefinite media are well unified under the scope of the transformed compensated bilayer. We demonstrate the applications of the compensated bilayer, such as perfect imaging and optical illusion. Arbitrary shaped compensated bilayers are also analyzed. Nihility media known as the media with ε =μ= 0, are generalized from transformation optics as transformation media derived from volumeless geometrical elements. The practical constructions of nihility media by metamaterials are discussed. The eigen fields in the nihility media are derived. The interactions between an external incident wave and a slab of nihility media in the free space background are analyzed. A new type of transformation media called α media is proposed for manipulating light. Light rays in the α media have a simple displacement or rotation relationship with those in another media (seed media). Such relationship is named α relationship. The α media can be designed and simplified to a certain class of diagonal anisotropic media, which are related to certain isotropic media by the α relationship. Several optical devices based on the α transformation media are designed. Invisibility cloaks obtained from the coordinate transformation approach are revisited from a different perspective. / QC 20101102