The aims of this research are to identify the elements of leader sensemaking which both promote and hinder mindset change. I Use a qualitative, ethnographic active participant research approach in three organisations and semi-structured interviews with leaders from other organisations. My research identifies the inter-related elements of leader sensemaking of an organisational change methodology which is influenced in its approach by postmodern thinking and which challenges current mindsets about leadership and organisation. By identifying and establishing the interrelationship between nine key elements of leader sensemaking my research provides academics and practitioners with a basis for facilitating leader mindset change. I also identify further research opportunities around issues of sustaining individual mindset change and embedding this in organisational culture, which I have identified as a result of my research. Nine key elements of sensemaking are identified and used to understand the sensemaking process of leaders. I identify the relationship between the elements and the impact they can have in both promoting and inhibiting mindset change. My research finds that current leader thinking about organisations, leadership and organisational change is largely modernist in perspective. When presented with a methodology that is influenced by a postmodern perspective all the elements shape and influence the sense the leaders make of the challenge to their mindset and their decision on whether or not to engage with the methodology. These elements are inter-related, each is essential but insufficient in isolation, and each influences, and is influenced by, all the others. My research explores the relationship between the sensemaking elements in a range of practical organisational settings. In so doing it provides insight into how those wishing to influence the mindsets of others can understand and recognise the dynamic of sensemaking, whilst highlighting that changing leader mindsets is not something that has easy ‘how to’ answers or which can be achieved by following simplistic cause and effect step models that are prevalent in the current literature which many practitioners are familiar with.

The presented dissertation is concerned with legal problematics connected to founding of real estate trading company, its hierarchy, and possibilities of managing and directing of this type of company. Futhrer, the dissertation investigates possibilities of such enterprise to be incorporated in one of the occupational unions (organizations). Least but not last, the paper researches the services that should be provided by a professional company of such type. The dissertation is divided into theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part builds on the Commercial Code, where the rules concerning trading company are founded. However, the dissertation also uses various textbooks on management which describe various types of organization structures, that have been created by advancement in organization of human activity. In the practical part, I shortly mention the importance of the hierarchic order of a given society in reaction to a change in development on the real estate market. I also investigate the possibilities of real estate companies to create occupational unions (organizations). Further, I describe advantages and disadvantages, as well as the specific aspects of such behavior. The backbone of the dissertation is the fifth chapter. It is dedicated to the proposal of an organization stucture of a Real Estate company, as well as to the choice of legal form such a company should occupy, and finally, it is dedicated to the services, which should be provided by such company.

Sammanfattning Skolan i Sverige ska vara likvärdig, men det är den inte idag. Det finns skolor i utanförskapsområden som har stora utmaningar och som har haft låg måluppfyllelse under en längre tid. Men det finns också skolledare som har tagit över ledningsrollen på lågpresterande skolor i utanförskapsområden och lyckats omvandla dem. Vi har intervjuat några av dem som har berättat om deras upplevelser och erfarenheter. Skolledarna beskriver att de har lyckats omvandla skolorna genom transparent och tydlig kommunikation, och en förändringsprocess som genomsyras av tydlig och inkluderande ledarskap. De har även berättat hur de har aktivt arbetat med att förändra elevers inställning till skolan och även krävt att skolpersonalen ställt högre krav både på sig själva och eleverna. Skolledarna har skildrat en stegvis förändringsprocess som förespråkas av skolforskningen.    Nyckelord Skolomvandling,  Skolledarskap, Skolförbättring, / The school in Sweden should be equal, but it is not today. There are schools in outlying areas in the cities that have major challenges and that have had low goal fulfillment for a long time. But there are also school leaders who have taken over the leadership role of low-performing schools in areas of exclusion and managed to transform them into better schools. We have interviewed some of those who have told us about their experiences. The school leaders describe that they have succeeded in transforming the schools through transparent and clear communication, and a process of change that is permeated by clear and inclusive leadership. They have also told how they have actively worked to change the students attitude towards the school and also demanded that the school staff make higher demands on both themselves and the students. The school leaders have described a step-by-step process of change that is advocated by school research.  Keywords School Turnaround, School Leadership, School Improvement.

The discussion of a ‘cultural’ dimension of sustainability has been brought forward in sustainable development and in particular sustainable urban development (SUD) in the last three decades. Despite both an advancement of scientific discourse and advocacy through international organisations, empirical examples discussing explicitly leadership and organisation for implementation of culture in SUD are still rare. Through the lens of leadership and organisation, important questions regarding norms, values and behavior are being addressed that provide the foundation for future development. To advance empirical knowledge in the described field, the thesis takes a look at the city of Malmö in the form of a case study. In Malmö, culture has been assigned an important and all-encompassing role in the city’s organisation and sustainable development plan, manifested through a local policy, the so called ‘Culture Strategy’. This in-depth study aims at understanding the practical application of culture in SUD, given a theoretical framework including the possible roles of culture in SUD and the meanings of creative organisation and leadership in a neoliberal urban context. It is followed by a comprehensive analysis of a range of official documents and eight semi- structured interviews. Asking for the communication of visions and actors’ roles and understandings of culture in relation to practices and organisational structures, the thesis shows that the cultural strategy so far has a dual function as a catalyst and representative for the discussion of culture in SUD. Over-departmentalisation and a lack of communication present hinders for organisational change and the potential of development through learning is not given adequate space and time so far. In conclusion, the municipal organisation must detach from the idea to control, and rather enable ‘spaces’ for diverse actors to collectively employ creativity and allow for an experimental process to unfold.