Thesis (M.Sc. / Written for the Faculty of Dentistry. [Dept. of Dental Sciences]. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2008/07/30). Includes bibliographical references.

Zugl.: Würzburg, Univ., Diss., 2009.

abstract: Advances in electronics technology and innovative manufacturing processes have driven the semiconductor industry towards extensive miniaturization & ever greater integration of chip design. One consequence of this sustained evolution has been the growing relative cost of accessing off-chip components with external memory being one of the dominant contributors. In embedded systems and applications, where power consumption and cost are extremely crucial factors, the use of on chip Scratch Pad Memories (SPMs) has proven to be a good alternative to caches. SPMs are more efficient than on-chip caches in a wide variety of aspects including energy consumption, power dissipation, speed performance, area, and timing predictability. However, at the same time, they entail explicit software-level management. Specifically, the system performance depends upon overlay scheme for mapping code and data onto the size-limited SPMs. It has been found that for applications with large code sizes, the overlay overhead cost becomes significant. This work aims to evaluate and implement pre-fetching as a performance improvement technique for SPMs. It is implemented in code overlay manager, provided with the Cell Broadband Engine (CBE) Synergistic Processing Unit (SPU) compiler from IBM, spu-gcc. Four different approaches proposed in this work use profiling information to predict pre-fetch calls. The pre-fetching technique achieves considerable performance improvement by hiding some of the code overlay cost behind active computations by fetching the required code segment in advance into SPM. Experimental results supporting this claim are obtained using the IBM Cell architecture platform with substantial gain of more than 30%. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Computer Science 2011

A construção do campo pictórico: acúmulos e sobreposições baseia-se na pesquisa sobre uma prática plástica, na construção de um campo pictórico. Assim, é apresentada, nesta dissertação, uma série de pinturas, produzidas entre 2002 e 2004, que tiveram como conceitos norteadores as noções de acúmulos e sobreposições exploradas na elaboração de pinturas. A narrativa é construída em paralelo ao processo de pintar. Seguindo, preferencialmente, a mesma seqüência de construção, procura-se apresentar os elementos que dão condição à instauração desses trabalhos. A partir da análise dessa experiência, se propõe o levantamento de questões recorrentes nessa prática, desde a seleção de referenciais, passando pelas ações operatórias, bem como elementos de naturezas variadas que envolvem uma prática plástica particular e que encontram reverberações na produção. Assim, são abordados assuntos como: o uso do recurso fotográfico na pintura, a exploração da matéria pictórica, a importância da ação do tempo nesse processo, os registros de trabalho e os reflexos e os diálogos firmados com a obra de outros pintores. Essa pesquisa estrutura-se como uma documentação de um processo de trabalho. Nesse sentido, aqui são apresentadas as hesitações, os questionamentos, as hipóteses e as experimentações relativas ao pintar. / The construction of the pictorial field: accumulations and overlaps is based on research about the plastic practice, in the construction of a pictorial field. Hence, it is presented in this dissertation a series of paintings, produced between 2002 and 2004, which had as guiding concepts the notions of accumulations and overlaps explored in the elaboration of paintings. The narrative is built in parallel to the process of painting. Proceeding, preferentially, the same construction sequence, trying to present the elements that allow the instauration of these works. Starting from the analysis of this experience, one intends the rising of appealing subjects in such practice, from reference selection, considering the operative actions, as well as elements varied in nature that involve a particular plastic practice and that find reverberations in the production. Hence, the approached subjects are: the use of the photographic resources in painting, the exploration of the pictorial matter, the importance of time effect in this process, the work recordings and the reflexes and dialogues with the other painters' work. This research is structured as a documentation of a work process. In that sense, here, the hesitations, the questionings, the hypotheses and the experimentations related to painting are presented.

During the past decade, the Internet has witnessed a dramatic increase in the popularity of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) applications. This has caused a significant growth in the volume of P2P traffic. This trend has been particularly alarming for the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) that need to cope with the associated cost but have limited control in routing or managing P2P traffic. To alleviate this problem, researchers have proposed mechanisms to reduce the volume of external P2P traffic for individual ISPs. However, prior studies have not examined the global effect of P2P applications on the entire network, namely the traffic that a P2P application imposes on individual underlying Autonomous Systems (ASs). Such a global view is particularly important because of the large number of geographically scattered peers in P2P applications. This dissertation examines the global effect of P2P applications on the underlying AS-level Internet. Toward this end, first we leverage a large number of complete overlay snapshots from a large-scale P2P application, namely Gnutella, to characterize the connectivity and evolution of its overlay structure. We also conduct a case study on the performance of BitTorrent and its correlation with peer- and group-level properties. Second, we present and evaluate Respondent-driven sampling as a promising technique to collect unbiased samples for characterizing peer properties in large-scale P2P overlays without requiring the overlay's complete snapshot. Third, we propose a new technique leveraging the geographical location of peers in an AS to determine its geographical footprint and identify the cities where its Points-of-Presence (PoPs) are likely to be located. Fourth, we present a new methodology to characterize the effect of a given P2P overlay on the underlying ASs. Our approach relies on the large scale simulation of BGP routing over the AS-level snapshots of the Internet to identify the imposed load on each transit AS. Using our methodology, we characterize the impact of Gnutella overlay on the AS-level underlay over a 4-year period. Our investigation provides valuable insights on the global impact of large scale P2P overlay on individual ASs. This dissertation includes my previously published and co-authored material.

A construção do campo pictórico: acúmulos e sobreposições baseia-se na pesquisa sobre uma prática plástica, na construção de um campo pictórico. Assim, é apresentada, nesta dissertação, uma série de pinturas, produzidas entre 2002 e 2004, que tiveram como conceitos norteadores as noções de acúmulos e sobreposições exploradas na elaboração de pinturas. A narrativa é construída em paralelo ao processo de pintar. Seguindo, preferencialmente, a mesma seqüência de construção, procura-se apresentar os elementos que dão condição à instauração desses trabalhos. A partir da análise dessa experiência, se propõe o levantamento de questões recorrentes nessa prática, desde a seleção de referenciais, passando pelas ações operatórias, bem como elementos de naturezas variadas que envolvem uma prática plástica particular e que encontram reverberações na produção. Assim, são abordados assuntos como: o uso do recurso fotográfico na pintura, a exploração da matéria pictórica, a importância da ação do tempo nesse processo, os registros de trabalho e os reflexos e os diálogos firmados com a obra de outros pintores. Essa pesquisa estrutura-se como uma documentação de um processo de trabalho. Nesse sentido, aqui são apresentadas as hesitações, os questionamentos, as hipóteses e as experimentações relativas ao pintar. / The construction of the pictorial field: accumulations and overlaps is based on research about the plastic practice, in the construction of a pictorial field. Hence, it is presented in this dissertation a series of paintings, produced between 2002 and 2004, which had as guiding concepts the notions of accumulations and overlaps explored in the elaboration of paintings. The narrative is built in parallel to the process of painting. Proceeding, preferentially, the same construction sequence, trying to present the elements that allow the instauration of these works. Starting from the analysis of this experience, one intends the rising of appealing subjects in such practice, from reference selection, considering the operative actions, as well as elements varied in nature that involve a particular plastic practice and that find reverberations in the production. Hence, the approached subjects are: the use of the photographic resources in painting, the exploration of the pictorial matter, the importance of time effect in this process, the work recordings and the reflexes and dialogues with the other painters' work. This research is structured as a documentation of a work process. In that sense, here, the hesitations, the questionings, the hypotheses and the experimentations related to painting are presented.

A construção do campo pictórico: acúmulos e sobreposições baseia-se na pesquisa sobre uma prática plástica, na construção de um campo pictórico. Assim, é apresentada, nesta dissertação, uma série de pinturas, produzidas entre 2002 e 2004, que tiveram como conceitos norteadores as noções de acúmulos e sobreposições exploradas na elaboração de pinturas. A narrativa é construída em paralelo ao processo de pintar. Seguindo, preferencialmente, a mesma seqüência de construção, procura-se apresentar os elementos que dão condição à instauração desses trabalhos. A partir da análise dessa experiência, se propõe o levantamento de questões recorrentes nessa prática, desde a seleção de referenciais, passando pelas ações operatórias, bem como elementos de naturezas variadas que envolvem uma prática plástica particular e que encontram reverberações na produção. Assim, são abordados assuntos como: o uso do recurso fotográfico na pintura, a exploração da matéria pictórica, a importância da ação do tempo nesse processo, os registros de trabalho e os reflexos e os diálogos firmados com a obra de outros pintores. Essa pesquisa estrutura-se como uma documentação de um processo de trabalho. Nesse sentido, aqui são apresentadas as hesitações, os questionamentos, as hipóteses e as experimentações relativas ao pintar. / The construction of the pictorial field: accumulations and overlaps is based on research about the plastic practice, in the construction of a pictorial field. Hence, it is presented in this dissertation a series of paintings, produced between 2002 and 2004, which had as guiding concepts the notions of accumulations and overlaps explored in the elaboration of paintings. The narrative is built in parallel to the process of painting. Proceeding, preferentially, the same construction sequence, trying to present the elements that allow the instauration of these works. Starting from the analysis of this experience, one intends the rising of appealing subjects in such practice, from reference selection, considering the operative actions, as well as elements varied in nature that involve a particular plastic practice and that find reverberations in the production. Hence, the approached subjects are: the use of the photographic resources in painting, the exploration of the pictorial matter, the importance of time effect in this process, the work recordings and the reflexes and dialogues with the other painters' work. This research is structured as a documentation of a work process. In that sense, here, the hesitations, the questionings, the hypotheses and the experimentations related to painting are presented.

The constant growth in network communications technologies and the emergence of Service Specific Overlay Networks (SSONs), coupled with the rapid development of multimedia applications make the management of such technologies a major challenge. This thesis investigates the SSONs management problem and proposes an autonomic architecture, a self-organizing and self-adapting algorithm, and a utility function for monitoring the Quality of Experience (QoE) of IPTV streams in SSONs. First, we examine the different issues stemming from the autonomic management of SSONs and identify the limitations of existing approaches. We then propose an architecture to ease the management of SSONs by incorporating autonomic computing principles to make SSONs acquire self-management capabilities. The proposed architecture introduces autonomic control loops that continuously monitor network components and analyze the gathered data. An Autonomic System (AS) is comprised of one or more Autonomic Managers (AM) which take control of managing other elements in the network. The proposed architecture highlights the different components of an AM and identifies its purpose. The distributed nature of the proposed architecture avoids limitations of centralized management solutions. We then propose a scheme to allow AMs to emerge among the set of nodes in the network as the most powerful ones in terms of different factors, including processing capabilities and stability. Using a self-organizing and self-adapting distributed protocol, each node in the overlay selects an appropriate AM to report to so that sensed data is delivered error-free, and in a timely manner, while the load is distributed over the AMs. Finally, we propose a utility function to monitor the quality of IPTV streams by predicting QoE based on statistical Quality of Service (QoS) information. The proposed function is simple and does not require high processing power. It allows the QoE of IPTV users to be monitored in real-time by the AMs, so that quality degradations are accurately identified and adaptation mechanisms are triggered at the right moment to correct issues causing degradations. Theoretical analysis and simulations studies are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed schemes.

Orientador: Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consani / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T08:10:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Campana_JuliaTrevizam_M.pdf: 13654859 bytes, checksum: 968de9ae31cd28485a92b1f5b52edc6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O objetivo neste estudo in vitro foi avaliar por meio da análise fotoelástica o comportamento das tensões induzidas em diferentes overdentures. Os grupos experimentais foram: I- overdenture retida por um implante colocado na linha média da mandíbula; II- overdenture retida por dois implantes distantes 20 mm entre si; III- overdenture retida por três implantes, com o central colocado na linha média da mandíbula e os restantes distantes 18 mm de cada lado; e IV- overdenture retida por quatro implantes distantes 12 mm entre si. Para o estudo foi confeccionada uma prótese overdenture mandibular para cada grupo experimental e uma prótese total superior convencional, possibilitando que a análise fotoelástica fosse conduzida com as próteses se relacionando em máxima intercuspidação habitual. Foram feitos carregamentos axiais de 10, 20 e 30 kgf em cada modelo fotoelástico mandibular. Também foi realizado carregamento na oclusal dos primeiros molares direito e esquerdo de cada modelo com mesma intensidade de carga, para simular o efeito da mastigação. Dois tipos de avaliação foram conduzidos: qualitativa, por meio da análise das imagens obtidas com fotografias do modelo em polariscópio, e quantitativa, com as imagens analisadas no programa FRINGES. A análise qualitativa mostrou que a distribuição das tensões no Grupo I foi diferente dos Grupos II, III e IV, com maior quantidade de franjas concentradas na região posterior da mandíbula. O grupo IV apresentou melhor distribuição de tensão quando comparado aos Grupos II e III. Na análise quantitativa, a overdenture retida por um implante (Grupo I) mostrou valores de tensão similares aos Grupos II, III e IV. Com base nesses resultados pode-se concluir que: em todas as overdentures a tensão se concentrou predominantemente ao redor dos implantes; o aumento do carregamento oclusal ou pontual promoveu aumento das tensões induzidas sobre os implantes; maior tensão foi induzida no lado da aplicação da carga pontual, principalmente, quando a overdenture era suportada por um implante, e a concentração da tensão em overdenture suportada por maior quantidade de implante mostrou distribuição mais homogenia das tensões induzidas / Abstract: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate through photoelastic analysis the behavior of the induced stress in different overdentures. The experimental groups were: I- overdenture retained by one implant placed in the midline of the mandible; II- overdenture retained by two implants 20 mm distant from each other; III- overdenture retained by three implants, with the center placed on the midline of the mandible and the other distant 18 mm on each side; and IV- overdenture retained by four implants 12 mm distant from each other. For the study was made a prosthetic mandibular overdenture for each experimental group and a conventional complete denture, allowing the photoelastic analysis was conducted with the dentures related in maximum intercuspation. Axial loads of 10, 20 and 30 kgf were made in each mandibular photoelastic model. It was also performed on the occlusal loading of the first left and right molars of each model with similar load intensity to simulate the effect of mastication. Two types of evaluation were conducted: qualitative, by analyzing the images from photographs obtained with polariscope, and quantitative, with the images analyzed by the FRINGES program. Qualitative analysis showed that the distribution of tensions in Group I was different from the Groups II, III and IV, showing a higher amount of concentrated fringes on the posterior region of the mandible. Group IV showed better stress distribution when compared to Groups II and III. In the quantitative analysis, the overdenture retained by implant (Group I) showed similar stress values for Groups II, III and IV. Based on these results, it can be concluded that in all overdentures the stresses focused predominantly around the implants; increased single and occlusal loading promoted an increase of induced stresses on the implants; higher stress was induced on the application side, especially when the overdenture was supported by one implant; and stress concentration in overdenture supported by a larger amount of implantation showed more homogeneous stress distribution / Mestrado / Protese Dental / Mestra em Clínica Odontológica

There is a belief that radio frequencies  are running out. However, according to a report from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 2002, a different story was told : At any given time and location, much of the prized spectrum lies idle. At the same time, FCC revealed the fact that, in many bands, spectrum access is a more significant problem than physical scarcity of spectrum, in large part due to legacy command-and-control regulation that limits the ability of potential spectrum users to obtain such access. Hence, as opposed to static spectrum access, dynamic spectrum access (DSA) was proposed to solve the predicament. One such DSA model propose the existence of Primary users (licensed users and Secondary users (unlicensed users). Multicarrier communication technology is adopted to enable the coexistence of PU and SU. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology has been popular for multicarrier communications. A disadvantage for OFDM in the Cognitive Radio environment is its large side lobes in the frequency domain, which is a result of single-symbol pulse duration. Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) uses filters that have small side lobes to synthesize/analyze the sub-carriers so as to greatly alleviate the previous mentioned disadvantage. FMT is one FBMC technique.  Although many hardware implementations have been explored during last few decades on OFDM, few FMT hardware implementation results, especially Hardware/Software Co-design, have been presented. This paper presents a HW/SW Co-design implementation result of FMT transceiver on the Altera DE4 board. / Master of Science