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Påverkas läshastigheten och valet av färgat overlay av ljusets färgtemperatur?Eliasson, Elin January 2018 (has links)
Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka om ljusets färgtemperatur påverkar läshastigheten och valet av ett färgat overlay. Metod: I studien deltog 35 personer, 26 kvinnor och 9 män. Tre deltagare uteslöts då de inte klarade normalvärdena för de kliniska tester som genomfördes. De deltagare som klarade de kliniska testerna läste ett lästest under två ljuskällor med olika färgtemperatur, en varmvit och en neutralt vit. Testet lästes i en minut med och utan färgade overlays under båda ljuskällorna och antalet lästa ord noterades. Antalet lästa ord analyserades sedan med parade t-tester i Microsoft Excel. Även valet av färgade overlays sammanställdes och analyserades. Resultat: Det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad i läshastighet mellan ljuskällorna utan färgade overlays. Det fanns inte heller någon signifikant förbättring av läshastigheten med overlays. Det enda undantaget var att overlayet som valdes under den varmvita ljuskällan förbättrade läshastigheten under den neutralt vita ljuskällan med 2,5 %. Nio deltagare valde exakt samma overlay under båda ljuskällorna, 23 deltagare (72 %) valde overlay som skilde sig mellan ljuskällorna. Slutsats: Läshastigheten utan overlay påverkas inte av ljuskällans färgtemperatur. En majoritet av deltagarna valde olika färgade overlays under de båda ljuskällorna. Däremot syns ingen skillnad i läshastighet beroende på vilket färgat overlay som används till respektive ljuskälla.
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Amélioration de la dissémination de données biaisées dans les réseaux structurés / Improving skewed data dissemination in structured overlaysAntoine, Maeva 23 September 2015 (has links)
De nombreux systèmes distribués sont confrontés au problème du déséquilibre de charge entre machines. Avec l'émergence du Big Data, de larges volumes de données aux valeurs souvent biaisées sont produits par des sources hétérogènes pour être souvent traités en temps réel. Il faut donc être capable de s'adapter aux variations de volume/contenu/provenance de ces données. Nous nous intéressons ici aux données RDF, un format du Web Sémantique. Nous proposons une nouvelle approche pour améliorer la répartition des données, basée sur l'utilisation de plusieurs fonctions de hachage préservant l'ordre naturel des données dans le réseau. Cela permet à chaque pair de pouvoir indépendamment modifier la fonction de hachage qu'il applique sur les données afin de réduire l'intervalle de valeurs dont il est responsable. Plus généralement, pour résoudre le problème du déséquilibre de charge, il existe presque autant de stratégies qu'il y a de systèmes différents. Nous montrons que de nombreux dispositifs d'équilibrage de charge sont constitués des mêmes éléments de base, et que seules la mise en œuvre et l'interconnexion de ces éléments varient. Partant de ce constat, nous décrivons les concepts derrière la construction d'une API générique pour appliquer une stratégie d'équilibrage de charge qui est indépendante du reste du code. Mise en place sur notre système, l'API a un impact minimal sur le code métier et permet de changer une partie d'une stratégie sans modifier d'autres composants. Nous montrons aussi que la variation de certains paramètres peut influer sur les résultats obtenus. / Many distributed systems face the problem of load imbalance between machines. With the advent of Big Data, large datasets whose values are often highly skewed are produced by heterogeneous sources to be often processed in real time. Thus, it is necessary to be able to adapt to the variations of size/content/source of the incoming data. In this thesis, we focus on RDF data, a format of the Semantic Web. We propose a novel approach to improve data distribution, based on the use of several order-preserving hash functions. This allows an overloaded peer to independently modify its hash function in order to reduce the interval of values it is responsible for. More generally, to address the load imbalance issue, there exist almost as many load balancing strategies as there are different systems. We show that many load balancing schemes are comprised of the same basic elements, and only the implementation and interconnection of these elements vary. Based on this observation, we describe the concepts behind the building of a common API to implement any load balancing strategy independently from the rest of the code. Implemented on our distributed storage system, the API has a minimal impact on the business code and allows the developer to change only a part of a strategy without modifying the other components. We also show how modifying some parameters can lead to significant improvements in terms of results.
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Na a čum / Here You Are, Watch it!Škrovinová, Eva Unknown Date (has links)
I deal with the production process of the painting base. I created a custom folding system already stretched canvas, which can reduce its size. On the other hand, this folding formed procesual abstract paintings on the surface of the canvas. Finally I created installation (5 white canvases, of which only one can be folded, but this one is indistinguishable from the others), which I complete with the documented research in previous paintings.
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Strengthening of two-way reinforced concrete slabs with Textile Reinforced Mortars (TRM)Papanicolaou, Catherine, Triantafillou, Thanasis, Papantoniou, Ioannis, Balioukos, Christos 03 June 2009 (has links)
An innovative strengthening technique is applied for the first time in this study to provide flexural strengthening in two-way reinforced concrete (RC) slabs supported on edge beams. The technique comprises external bonding of textiles on the tension face of RC slabs through the use of polymer-modified cement- based mortars. The textiles used in the experimental campaign comprised fabric meshes made of long stitch-bonded fibre rovings in two orthogonal directions. The specimens measured 2 x 2 m in plan and were supported on hinges at the corners. Three RC slabs strengthened by textile reinforced mortar (TRM) overlays and one control specimen were tested to failure. One specimen received one layer of carbon fibre textile, another one received two, whereas the third specimen was strengthened with three layers of glass fibre textile having the same axial rigidity (in both directions) with the single-layered carbon fibre textile. All specimens failed due to flexural punching. The load-carrying capacity of the strengthened slabs was increased by 26%, 53%, and 20% over that of the control specimen for slabs with one (carbon), two (carbon) and three (glass) textile layers, respectively. The strengthened slabs showed an increase in stiffness and energy absorption. The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions based on existing models specifically developed for two-way slabs and the performance of the latter is evaluated. Based on the findings of this work the authors conclude that TRM overlays comprise a very promising solution for the strengthening of two-way RC slabs.
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Development and Application of Novel Computer Vision and Machine Learning TechniquesDepoian, Arthur Charles, II 08 1900 (has links)
The following thesis proposes solutions to problems in two main areas of focus, computer vision and machine learning. Chapter 2 utilizes traditional computer vision methods implemented in a novel manner to successfully identify overlays contained in broadcast footage. The remaining chapters explore machine learning algorithms and apply them in various manners to big data, multi-channel image data, and ECG data. L1 and L2 principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms are implemented and tested against each other in Python, providing a metric for future implementations. Selected algorithms from this set are then applied in conjunction with other methods to solve three distinct problems. The first problem is that of big data error detection, where PCA is effectively paired with statistical signal processing methods to create a weighted controlled algorithm. Problem 2 is an implementation of image fusion built to detect and remove noise from multispectral satellite imagery, that performs at a high level. The final problem examines ECG medical data classification. PCA is integrated into a neural network solution that achieves a small performance degradation while requiring less then 20% of the full data size.
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Letter to the Editor concerning “A systematic review of controlled trials on visual stress using intuitive overlays or colorimeter"Griffiths, P.G., Taylor, R.H., Henderson, L.M., Barrett, Brendan T. 04 January 2017 (has links)
Yes / We read with interest the review written by Evans and Allen, and published in the Journal of Optometry, in July, 2016.
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A study of the cost effectiveness of an organisation's in-house labour force.January 1994 (has links)
by Chu Shun-wah, Sum Pun-wah, Jeremy. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-86). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.v / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Background Information of the ILF --- p.2 / Paving Operations --- p.2 / Working Environment --- p.7 / Chapter II. --- PRELIMINARY UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS --- p.9 / Interview with Staff Side od the ILF --- p.9 / Interview with the Management side of the ILF --- p.10 / Chapter III. --- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS --- p.12 / Explanatory Notes for the Cost Elements --- p.13 / Data Analysis --- p.16 / Sampling --- p.17 / Visual comparison of the cost data --- p.18 / Statistical Parameters Analysis --- p.19 / Test for the Equality of Variances for Both Samples --- p.20 / Test for the Equality of Means for Both Samples --- p.21 / Interpretation of Results --- p.23 / Paired T-test --- p.25 / Chapter IV. --- MAIN COST FACTORS ANALYSIS --- p.26 / Salary of Direct Labour --- p.26 / Material Cost --- p.28 / Hire of Services --- p.30 / Chapter V. --- SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS --- p.33 / Salary of Direct Labour --- p.33 / Material Cost --- p.36 / Hire of Services --- p.37 / Chapter VI. --- ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS --- p.39 / Visual Comparison of Cost Data After Allocation of Fixed Cost --- p.41 / Statistical Analysis --- p.42 / Interpretation of Results of Alternative Analysis --- p.44 / Chapter VII. --- GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.45 / Chapter VIII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.52 / APPENDIX --- p.64 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.85
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Δομές δεικτοδότησης και υπολογισμός ερωτημάτων εύρους κ-διαστάσεων σε κατανεμημένα περιβάλλοντα / Indexing structures and computation k-dimensional range queries in distributed environmentsΚαπλάνης, Αθανάσιος 24 November 2014 (has links)
Ανέκαθεν, η ανάγκη του ανθρώπου για πληροφορία ήτανε μια από αυτές που φρόντιζε να ικανοποιήσει όσο το δυνατόν πληρέστερα. Η πληροφορία είναι σε όλες τις περιπτώσεις ένα πολύτιμο εργαλείο στην λήψη αποφάσεων και οι άνθρωποι γρήγορα αντιλήφθηκαν την σημασία της, ειδικότερα μάλιστα στην σύγχρονη εποχή στην οποία μέσω της επιστήμης της Πληροφορικής δόθηκε η δυνατότητα σε μεγάλο μέρος του κοινού να έχει πρόσβαση σε τεράστιο όγκο δεδομένων, τα οποία μέσω της σωστής επεξεργασίας μετατρέπονται σε πληροφορία. Αυτό που πλέον αποτελεί πρόκληση, η οποία μας καλεί σαν επιστήμονες της Πληροφορικής να αντιμετωπίσουμε, είναι η εύρεση και στην συνέχεια η εφαρμογή καινούργιων μεθόδων γρήγορης και ανέξοδης συλλογής, αποδοτικής αποθήκευσης και εποικοδομητικής ανάλυσης δεδομένων, έτσι ώστε να γίνουν πληροφορία ποιοτική, πλούσια και με σημαντική χρηστική αξία. Στις μέρες μας, η ανάπτυξη του κλάδου τόσο των κατανεμημένων συστημάτων όσο και του διαδικτύου, μας έχουνε δώσει την δυνατότητα να χρησιμοποιούνται χαμηλοί σε απαιτήσεις υπολογιστικοί πόροι για να επεξεργάζονται παράλληλα μεγάλο όγκο δεδομένων. Ο κλάδος της Πληροφορικής που ασχολείται εκτενώς με αυτά τα συστήματα είναι τα ομότιμα συστήματα ή αλλιώς p2p συστήματα και ο κατανεμημένος υπολογισμός.
Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έχει ως στόχο να βρίσκει σε κατανεμημένο περιβάλλον σημεία στις δύο διαστάσεις. Ορίζεται, δηλαδή, ένας χώρος από κ – διαστάσεις που είναι το πλέγμα (grid), στον οποίο ο χρήστης προσπαθεί να εντοπίσει σημεία που τον ενδιαφέρουν δημιουργώντας έτσι ερωτήματα εύρους. Το σύστημα θα ψάχνει να βρει το αποτέλεσμα στο ερώτημα αυτό για να καταλήξει σε ποιο από τα άλλα ορθογώνια τμήματα του πλέγματος εμπλέκεται και στην συνέχεια αυτά (τα τμήματα) θα επιστρέφονται. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, το πλέγμα μας χωρίζεται σε τετράγωνες περιοχές και κάθε κόμβος του κατανεμημένου δικτύου αναλαμβάνει να φιλοξενήσει τα σημεία της κάθε τετράγωνης περιοχής. Όλοι αυτοί οι κόμβοι οργανώνονται σε ένα hadoop cluster και τα δεδομένα εισάγονται στην κατανεμημένη βάση δεδομένων HBase που βασίζεται στην αρχιτεκτονική του BigTable της Google File System. Ο τρόπος που οργανώνονται τα δεδομένα στην HBase είναι κατανεμημένος και γίνεται χρήση των B+ -δέντρων. Η χρησιμότητα των B+ -δέντρων σε συνδυασμό με το κατανεμημένο πλαίσιο εργασίας του Hadoop, έγκειται στο γεγονός ότι με την χρήση των απαραίτητων εργαλείων τόσο της HBase όσο και του Hadoop FS, μπορούμε να γνωρίζουμε σε ποιόν κόμβο του hadoop cluster είναι αποθηκευμένοι οι ζητούμενοι κόμβοι του B+ -δέντρου και έτσι να επιτυγχάνεται η γρήγορη ανάκτηση των αποτελεσμάτων σε ένα ερώτημα εύρους.
Η διάρθρωση της εργασίας έχει ως εξής: Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια εισαγωγή στις έννοιες του κατανεμημένου υπολογισμού πάνω σε κατανεμημένα περιβάλλοντα. Στο δεύτερο γίνεται μια αναφορά στα ομότιμα δίκτυα (p2p) και πιο συγκεκριμένα αναλύεται το δίκτυο επικάλυψης του BATON που έχει δενδρική δομή όμοια με αυτή του Β+ -δέντρου. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο αναφέρεται μια υλοποίηση δεικτοδότησης και απάντησης σε ερωτήματα εύρους στο Νέφος Υπολογιστών με χρήση βασικών δομών δεδομένων B+ -δέντρου. Επίσης, η ART Autonomous Range Tree δομή παρουσιάζεται η οποία μπορεί να υποστηρίξει ερωτήματα εύρους σε τόσο ευρείας κλίμακας σε μη κεντρικοποιημένα περιβάλλοντα και μπορεί να κλιμακώνεται σε σχέση με τον αριθμό των κόμβων, καθώς και με βάση τα στοιχεία που είναι αποθηκευμένα. Η ART δομή ξεπερνά τις πιο δημοφιλείς μη κεντρικοποιημένες δομές, συμπεριλαμβανομένου του Chord (και μερικοί από τους διαδόχους του), του ΒΑΤΟΝ (και τον διάδοχό του) και των Skip-Graphs. Στο τέταρτο και πέμπτο κεφάλαιο, αντίστοιχα, γίνεται μια αναφορά στα βασικότερα σημεία της αρχιτεκτονικής και της λειτουργίας του Hadoop Framework και της HBase. Στο έκτο κεφάλαιο, βρίσκεται η περιγραφή της υλοποίησης της παρούσης διπλωματικής εργασίας μαζί με τους αλγορίθμους και τον τρόπο λειτουργίας τους. Στο επόμενο γίνεται η αξιολόγηση των πειραματικών αποτελεσμάτων της παρούσης διπλωματικής εργασίας καθώς, και το τι συμπεράσματα προκύπτουν μέσα από την αξιολόγηση. Τέλος, στο τελευταίο και όγδοο κεφάλαιο γίνεται η αποτίμηση της διπλωματικής εργασίας, καθώς αναφέρονται τα βασικά της μέρη, όπως επίσης και πιθανές προεκτάσεις που θα βελτίωναν την απόδοση του συστήματος. / Traditionally, the human need for information was one of those seeking to satisfy as much as possible. Information is in every way a valuable tool in decision making and people quickly realized its importance, especially in modern times, when the Information Technology gave the public access to the vast volume of data, which can be further processed into information. What seems to be now a challenge that IT specialists have to face is finding and implementing new methods of fast and inexpensive data collection, efficient storing of data and constructive data analysis, in order to turn them into quality, rich and useful information. Nowadays, the devel-opment of both the field of distributed systems and the Internet gave us the possibility of using computational resources with low requirements for simultaneous processing of large amounts of data. The IT field that deals extensively with these systems are peer-to-peer systems (p2p) and distributed computing.
The present dissertation aims at finding points in a distributed environment in the two-dimensional space. A space of k – dimensions is defined, i.e. the grid, in which the user tries to identify points of interest creating range queries. The system will search to find the result in this question to come up with the rectangular section of the grid that is involved and then these sections will be returned. More specifically, the grid is divided into square areas, and each node of the distributed network will accommodate points of each square area. All these nodes are organized into a hadoop cluster and the data is imported into the HBase distributed database based on BigTable architecture of the Google File System. In HBase data is organized in a distributed way and B+ -trees are used. The utility of B+ -trees in conjunction with the distributed framework of Hadoop lies on the fact that using the necessary tools of both HBase and Hadoop FS we can know in which hadoop cluster node the requested B+ -tree nodes are stored and thus achieve fast results retrieval in a range query.
The structure of the project is as follows: The first chapter is an introduction to the concepts of distributed computing over distributed environments. The second is a reference to peer-to-peer networks (p2p) and more specifically the BATON overlay network, which has a tree structure similar to that of the B+ -tree, is analyzed. The third chapter deals with an indexation and answering implementation on range queries in the Computer Cloud using B+ -tree basic data structures. Also, ART Autonomous Range Tree structure is presented which can support range queries in such large-scale decentralized environments and can scale in terms of the number of nodes as well as in terms of the data items stored. ART outperforms the most popular decentralized structures, including Chord (and some of its successors), BATON (and its successor) and Skip-Graphs. In the fourth and fifth chapter respectively a reference is made to the main points of Hadoop Framework and HBase architecture and operation. The sixth chapter is the description of the implementation of this dissertation together with the algorithms and how they operate. The next chapter is the evaluation of the experimental results of this dissertation and of the conclusions that derive from the evaluation. Finally, the eighth and last chapter is an overview of the dissertation, mentioning its basic parts, as well as possible extensions that would improve the system performance.
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Measurement, Characterization and Simulation of Laser Driven Shockwaves for Metal Surface EnhancementBovid, Stanley C. January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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Autonomic management in a distributed storage systemTauber, Markus January 2010 (has links)
This thesis investigates the application of autonomic management to a distributed storage system. Effects on performance and resource consumption were measured in experiments, which were carried out in a local area test-bed. The experiments were conducted with components of one specific distributed storage system, but seek to be applicable to a wide range of such systems, in particular those exposed to varying conditions. The perceived characteristics of distributed storage systems depend on their configuration parameters and on various dynamic conditions. For a given set of conditions, one specific configuration may be better than another with respect to measures such as resource consumption and performance. Here, configuration parameter values were set dynamically and the results compared with a static configuration. It was hypothesised that under non-changing conditions this would allow the system to converge on a configuration that was more suitable than any that could be set a priori. Furthermore, the system could react to a change in conditions by adopting a more appropriate configuration. Autonomic management was applied to the peer-to-peer (P2P) and data retrieval components of ASA, a distributed storage system. The effects were measured experimentally for various workload and churn patterns. The management policies and mechanisms were implemented using a generic autonomic management framework developed during this work. The motivation for both groups of experiments was to test management policies with the objective to avoid unsatisfactory situations with respect to resource consumption and performance. Such unsatisfactory situations occur when either the P2P layer or the data retrieval mechanism is configured statically. In a statically configured P2P system two unsatisfactory situations can be identified. The first arises when the frequency with which P2P node states are verified is low and membership churn is high. The P2P node state becomes inaccurate due to a high membership churn, leading to errors during the routing process and a reduction in performance. In this situation it is desirable to increase the frequency to increase P2P state accuracy. The converse situation arises when the frequency is high and churn is low. In this situation network resources are used unnecessarily, which may also reduce performance, making it desirable to decrease the frequency. In ASA’s data retrieval mechanism similar unsatisfactory situations can be identified with respect to the degree of concurrency (DOC). The DOC controls the eagerness with which multiple redundant replicas are retrieved. An unsatisfactory situation arises when the DOC is low and there is a large variation in the times taken to retrieve replicas. In this situation it is desirable to increase the DOC, because by retrieving more replicas in parallel a result can be returned to the user sooner. The converse situation arises when the DOC is high, there is little variation in retrieval time and there is a network bottleneck close to the requesting client. In this situation it is desirable to decrease the DOC, since the low variation removes any benefit in parallel retrieval, and the bottleneck means that decreasing parallelism reduces both bandwidth consumption and elapsed time for the user. The experimental evaluations of autonomic management show promising results, and suggest several future research topics. These include optimisations of the managed mechanisms, alternative management policies, different evaluation methods, and the application of developed management mechanisms to other facets of a distributed storage system. The findings of this thesis could be exploited in building other distributed storage systems that focus on harnessing storage on user workstations, since these are particularly likely to be exposed to varying, unpredictable conditions.
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