No Brasil ocorrem epidemias de dengue de grande magnitude e nem todos os casos que evoluem para Ãbito sÃo diagnosticados pelos serviÃos de saÃde. Objetivo: avaliar o impacto do ServiÃo de VerificaÃÃo de Ãbitos Dr. Rocha Furtado (SVO-RF) para a detecÃÃo de Ãbitos nÃo suspeitos de dengue no CearÃ. MÃtodos: foram avaliados os Ãbitos encaminhados para o SVO-RF como suspeitos de dengue e aqueles encaminhados com outra hipÃtese diagnÃstica, mas que os patologistas suspeitaram de dengue. Foi colhido material biolÃgico(sangue, lÃquor, fragmentos de cÃrebro, coraÃÃo, pulmÃo, fÃgado e baÃo) de todos os corpos autopsiados, com suspeita de dengue, entre os anos de 2011 e 2012. As amostras foram encaminhadas ao LaboratÃrio Central de SaÃde PÃblica do Cearà (LACEN-CE) para investigaÃÃo atravÃs dos testes diagnÃsticos: IgM, NS1, isolamento viral, PCR; e encaminhados para o Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC) para a realizaÃÃo de imunohistoquÃmica. Foram confirmados os Ãbitos que preencheram os critÃrios de confirmaÃÃo de caso da OMS. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo CEP do Centro UniversitÃrio Christus (078/2011). Resultados: foram realizadas 214 autopsias e 121 (56,5%) foram confirmadas como dengue. O SVO-RF detectou 90 Ãbitos por dengue que nÃo tiveram suspeita clÃnica durante a evoluÃÃo da doenÃa. A mediana de idade foi de 36 anos (5mâ84a), 54,1% apresentava renda familiar acima de um salÃrio mÃnimo e 54,5% do sexo masculino. Comorbidades foram referidas em 72,2% dos Ãbitos confirmados, com destaque para hipertensÃo (36,4%), cardiopatia (28,8%) e diabetes mellitus (22,9%). Os principais fatores de risco relatados foram etilismo (32,9%), obesidade (31,0%) e tabagismo (30, 6%). Foram identificadas 46 coinfecÃÃes, destacando-se as bactÃrias como agente etiolÃgico em 93,5%. Foi observado edema e hemorragia em todos os ÃrgÃos, destacando- se edema mais acentuado nos pulmÃes (79%) e sistema nervoso central (71%) e hemorragias mais intensas nas adrenais (31%) e pulmÃes (24%). A causa imediata de morte registrada com maior frequÃncia nas DeclaraÃÃes de Ãbito foi insuficiÃncia respiratÃria aguda (47,1%), seguida de choque (33,8%). ConclusÃo: a articulaÃÃo do SVO-RF com o NÃcleo de VigilÃncia EpidemiolÃgica (NUVEP-CE) da Secretaria de SaÃde do Cearà e LACEN-CE contribuiu para o aumento de 5,1 vezes no nÃmero de Ãbitos por dengue. Trata-se da maior sÃrie histÃrica de Ãbitos por dengue autopsiados no mundo. / There is expressive epidemic outbreaks of dengue in Brazil and not all the cases with fatal evolution are diagnosed by the public health service. Objectives: survey the Coronerâs Office Dr. Rocha Furtado (CO-RF) impact in detecting death related to dengue inunsuspicious case by the clinician in CearÃ. Methods: Were evaluated post-mortem examinations performed in the period from 2011 to 2012, due suspect of dengue and cases unsuspected by the clinician but that were suspected by pathologist. Biologic material (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, tissue from brain, liver, heart, lung, and spleen) was collected from all the autopsied bodies with dengueâs suspect. The sample test to IgM, NS1, viral isolation and PCR were sent to Central Laboratory of Public Health of Ceara (LACEN). The immunohistochemical test were performed at Evandro Chagas Institute in Amazon. Deaths due to dengue were confirmed only if they fulfilled the WHO criteria. This work was approved by the ethics committee of the Christus Universitary Center (078/2011). Results: 214 post-mortem examinations was performed and 121 (56,5%) were confirmed as dengue. CO-RF found 90 deaths due to dengue that did not have clinical suspicious throughout evolution of illness. Median age was 36 years old (5 months-84 yo), 54,5% were male and 54,1% had a family income above one minimum wage. Comorbidities were reported in 72.2% of this deaths notably hypertension (36.4%), heart disease (28,8%) and diabetes mellitus (22,9%). Alcoholism (32,9%), obesity (31%) and smoking(30,6%) were the main risk factors reported. Coinfections were detected in 46 cases in which bacterial organisms was the most prevalent (93.5%). Edema and hemorrhage occured in all organs with more marked edema in the lungs (79%) and central nervous system (71%). Hemorrage was predominant in suprarenal (31%) and lung (24%). Acute respiratory failure was the most frequently deathâscause registered in death certificate (47,1%) followed by shock (33.8%). Conclusion: The joint between the CO-RF with the Center for Epidemiological Surveillance (NUVEP-CE) and LACEN helped to increased by 5.1 times the number of dengueâs related deaths. This is the largest historic series of autopsied deaths due to dengue in the world.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Chemotherapy available for leishmaniasis is effective in many cases, however is still not satisfactory, presenting several inconveniences, one of them, resistance to antimony, which is a major current problems. Few studies using treatment with recombinant chemokines for leishmaniasis have been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect in vitro of CXCL10 and its association with Glucantime for the infection of macrophages by Leishmania braziliensis strain refractory to treatment with antimony. For this, murine macrophages were infected with L. braziliensis and treated or not with CXCL10 (25, 50 e 100ng/mL), Glucantime (32mg/mL), and CXCL10+Glucantime [(25, 50 e 100ng/mL) + (32mg/mL)]. After 24 and 48h of infection were evaluated: parasitic load (macrophages infected count on coverslips stained), nitric oxide concentration (NO) and the pattern of the cytokines TNF-&#945;, IL-12, IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-&#946; in the culture supernatant. The results showed that the treatment with CXCL10 and CXCL10+Glucantime combination resulted in a significant reduction of the parasitic load, ranging from 70.5% to 95% and 92.4% and 95.0%, respectively, compared with the control untreated, while treatment with Glucantime decreased infection of macrophages to 74.0%. The reduction of the parasitic load was correlated with the increase of NO in all concentrations of CXCL10 (p <0.001). However, it was not observed the same dynamic when it was used to CXCL10+Glucantime association. TNF-&#945; and IL-12 levels increased as a function of the concentration of CXCL10 in the first 24h, however, was inhibited when the infected macrophages were treated with Glucantime (p <0.05). The concentration of TNF-&#945; was lower in cells treated with CXCL10+Glucantime than in those treated only with CXCL10 in both time periods. To the association CXCL10+Glucantime the IL-12 only induced a significant production within 24h when CXCL10 was used at a concentration of 100ng/ml (p <0.01). CXCL10 and association CXCL10+Glucantime treated cells showed a decrease of IL-4 concentration decreasing as the chemokine concentrations were higher (p <0.01) while treatment with Glucantime had a high production of this cytokine. In both times evaluated, treatment with CXCL10 induced IL-10 production at concentrations of 50ng/ml, and 100ng/ml, induced a 3-fold more IL-10 (p <0.001) when compared with antimony or with association CXCL10+Glucantime. TGF-&#946; showed different behavior in the two time periods, an increase in the early hours, and fall in the past 48h. Glucantime induced TGF-&#946; concentration higher than that induced by CXCL10. The association CXCL10+Glucantime showed increased production of TGF-&#946; inverse of the concentration of CXCL10 used. In conclusion, in vitro treatment with CXCL10 induced a Th1 response profile (increase of TNF-&#945;, and IL-12), controlling the intracellular parasitemia and modulation of the inflammatory response mediated by IL-10, in macrophages infected with L. braziliensis refractory to antimony. The Glucantime+CXCL10 association, although it has reduced parasitic load, not inducing a significant increase in nitric oxide, and showing a induction of TNF-&#945;, IL-12 and reduction IL-4,. / A quimioterapia disponÃvel para as leishmanioses à eficaz em muitos casos, contudo ainda nÃo à satisfatÃria, apresentando vÃrias inconveniÃncias, uma delas, a resistÃncia aos antimoniais, que à um dos grandes problemas atuais. Poucos estudos utilizando tratamento com quimiocinas recombinantes para as leishmanioses tÃm sido relatados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito imunomodulador in vitro de CXCL10 e sua associaÃÃo com Glucantime na infecÃÃo de macrÃfagos por cepa de Leishmania braziliensis refratÃria ao tratamento com antimÃnio. Para isso, macrÃfagos murinos foram infectados com L. braziliensis e tratados ou nÃo com CXCL10 (25, 50 e 100ng/mL), Glucantime (32mg/mL) e CXCL10+Glucantime [(25, 50 e 100ng/mL) + (32mg/mL)]. ApÃs 24 e 48h de infecÃÃo, avaliou-se: carga parasitÃria (contagem de macrÃfagos infectados em lamÃnulas coradas), concentraÃÃo de Ãxido nÃtrico (NO) e o padrÃo da citocinas TNF-&#945;, IL-12, IL-4, IL-10 e TGF-&#946; nos sobrenadantes das culturas. Os resultados mostraram que os tratamentos com CXCL10 e a associaÃÃo CXCL10+Glucantime resultaram em uma significante reduÃÃo da carga parasitÃria, variando entre 70,5% a 95% e 92,4% a 95,0%, respectivamente, quando comparado com o controle nÃo tratado, enquanto o tratamento com Glucantime apresentou reduÃÃo da infecÃÃo dos macrÃfagos de 74,0%. A reduÃÃo da carga parasitÃria foi correlacionada com o aumento de NO em todas as concentraÃÃes de CXCL10 (p< 0,001). No entanto, nÃo foi observada a mesma dinÃmica quando utilizado a associaÃÃo CXCL10+Glucantime. Os nÃveis de TNF-&#945; e IL-12 aumentaram em funÃÃo da concentraÃÃo de CXCL10 nas primeiras 24h, no entanto, foi inibida quando os macrÃfagos parasitados foram tratados com Glucantime (p<0,05). A concentraÃÃo de TNF-&#945; foi menor nas cÃlulas tratadas com CXCL10 + Glucantime do que naquelas tratadas somente com CXCL10 em ambos os tempos avaliados. Para IL-12 a assosciaÃÃo CXCL10+Glucantime sà induziu uma produÃÃo significante nas primeiras 24 h quando CXCL10 foi utilizado na concentraÃÃo de 100ng/ml (p<0,01). As cÃlulas tratadas com CXCL10 e associaÃÃo CXCL10+Glucantime apresentaram uma reduÃÃo da concentraÃÃo de IL-4, diminuindo à medida que as concentraÃÃes da quimiocina foram maiores (p<0,01), enquanto o tratamento com Glucantime apresentou uma elevada produÃÃo desta citocina. Em ambos os tempos avaliados, o tratamento com CXCL10 induziu a produÃÃo de IL-10 nas concentraÃÃes de 50ng/mL e 100ng/mL, uma induÃÃo 3 vezes mais de IL-10 (p<0,001), quando comparado ao antimÃnio ou com a associaÃÃo CXCL10+Glucantime. TGF-&#946; mostrou comportamento diferente nos dois tempos avaliados, com aumento nas primeiras horas e queda nas Ãltimas 48h. Glucantime induziu concentraÃÃo de TGF-&#946; superior Ãquela induzida por CXCL10. A associaÃÃo CXCL10+ Glucantime apresentou produÃÃo elevada de TGF-&#946; inversa à concentraÃÃo de CXCL10 utilizada. Em conclusÃo, o tratamento in vitro com CXCL10 induziu um perfil de resposta Th1 (aumento de TNF-&#945; e IL-12), com controle da parasitemia intracelular, e modulaÃÃo da resposta inflamatÃria mediada por IL-10, em macrÃfagos infectados por L. braziliensis refratÃria ao antimÃnio. A associaÃÃo Glucantime+CXCL10, embora tenha reduzido carga parasitÃria, nÃo induzindo aumento significante de Ãxido nÃtrico, mostrando uma induÃÃo de TNF-&#945;, IL-12 e reduzindo IL-4.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:51:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_rg_me_botfmvz.pdf: 469686 bytes, checksum: 534892dca9ab9c8684bb2fd40082efc6 (MD5) / A capacidade de adaptação do caprino é determinada por sua habilidade em dissipar calor pela elevação da temperatura da pele e aumento da freqüência respiratória e em elevar a temperatura corporal sem inibir a atividade do animal. Os caprinos são animais homeotérmicos e, portanto, capazes de manter constante a temperatura corporal mesmo em variações amplas de temperatura, o que é necessário para a homeostase. Quando animais homeotérmicos são expostos a temperaturas ambientais acima de sua zona de conforto térmico, acontecem várias mudanças fisiológicas e bioquímicas que constituem o assim chamado estresse térmico. A maioria das mudanças endócrinas iniciam-se com relativo atraso numa série de defesas corporais ativadas em resposta a vários estressores ambientais. Mudanças no equilíbrio hormonal pela variação da temperatura ambiente são responsáveis em grande parte pela diminuição do crescimento, reprodução e produção de leite e interferem na viabilidade técnica da exploração de uma espécie em uma dada região. Este trabalho teve por finalidade avaliar as possíveis alterações provocadas pelo estresse térmico comparando cabras jovens puras da raça Parda Alpina e mestiças Parda Alpina X Boer, através da realização do hemograma completo e determinações bioquímicas séricas de T3 e T4, cortisol, proteínas séricas totais, albumina e globulinas, cálcio, fósforo e magnésio, sódio e potássio e AST.Oito caprinos divididos em dois grupos, 4 fêmeas Parda Alpinas e 4 mestiças Parda Alpinas X Boer, com cinco meses de idade, foram mantidas em câmara bioclimática a uma temperatura... . / The capacity of adaptation of caprine is determined by its ability in dissipating heat by the temperature increasing of the skin and rising of the breathing frequency and in increasing the corporal temperature without inhibiting the animal’s activity. The caprine are homeothermal, so, they are capable to keep a constant corporal temperature even in an wide temperature variation, what is necessary for the homeostasis. When homeothermal animals are exposed to environmental temperatures above its zone of thermal comfort, many physiological and biochemical changes happen that constitute the term thermal stress. Most of the endocrine changes begin with a relative delay in a series of corporal defenses activated in response to various environmental stress. Changes in the hormonal equilibrium by the environmental temperature are responsible in great part for decrease in growing, reproduction and milk production and interfere in the technical viability of the exploration of a specie in a certain region. This research had for purpose to evaluate the possible alterations caused by the thermal stress comparing pure young goats of the Alpine race and Alpine X Boer, through the accomplishment of the complete hemogram and serum biochemical levels of T3 and T4, cortisol, total serum proteins, albumin and globulin, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, sodium and potassium and AST. Eight caprine divided into two groups, 4 Alpine goats and 4 Boer X Alpine goats, five months of age, were kept in a bioclimate chamber at the temperature of 35 to 40º C, during 5 hours a day during fourteen days with food and water “ad libitum”. Watching the highest the average values of hematocrite and hemoglobin from the total plasmatic proteins were observed in the Alpine goats. It was attested the race effect on the serum levels of cortisol, being those smaller in the Boer X Alpine goats. Finally it was... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).

Orientador : Raimundo Souza Lopes / Resumo: A capacidade de adaptação do caprino é determinada por sua habilidade em dissipar calor pela elevação da temperatura da pele e aumento da freqüência respiratória e em elevar a temperatura corporal sem inibir a atividade do animal. Os caprinos são animais homeotérmicos e, portanto, capazes de manter constante a temperatura corporal mesmo em variações amplas de temperatura, o que é necessário para a homeostase. Quando animais homeotérmicos são expostos a temperaturas ambientais acima de sua zona de conforto térmico, acontecem várias mudanças fisiológicas e bioquímicas que constituem o assim chamado estresse térmico. A maioria das mudanças endócrinas iniciam-se com relativo atraso numa série de defesas corporais ativadas em resposta a vários estressores ambientais. Mudanças no equilíbrio hormonal pela variação da temperatura ambiente são responsáveis em grande parte pela diminuição do crescimento, reprodução e produção de leite e interferem na viabilidade técnica da exploração de uma espécie em uma dada região. Este trabalho teve por finalidade avaliar as possíveis alterações provocadas pelo estresse térmico comparando cabras jovens puras da raça Parda Alpina e mestiças Parda Alpina X Boer, através da realização do hemograma completo e determinações bioquímicas séricas de T3 e T4, cortisol, proteínas séricas totais, albumina e globulinas, cálcio, fósforo e magnésio, sódio e potássio e AST.Oito caprinos divididos em dois grupos, 4 fêmeas Parda Alpinas e 4 mestiças Parda Alpinas X Boer, com cinco meses de idade, foram mantidas em câmara bioclimática a uma temperatura... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo). / Abstract: The capacity of adaptation of caprine is determined by its ability in dissipating heat by the temperature increasing of the skin and rising of the breathing frequency and in increasing the corporal temperature without inhibiting the animal's activity. The caprine are homeothermal, so, they are capable to keep a constant corporal temperature even in an wide temperature variation, what is necessary for the homeostasis. When homeothermal animals are exposed to environmental temperatures above its zone of thermal comfort, many physiological and biochemical changes happen that constitute the term thermal stress. Most of the endocrine changes begin with a relative delay in a series of corporal defenses activated in response to various environmental stress. Changes in the hormonal equilibrium by the environmental temperature are responsible in great part for decrease in growing, reproduction and milk production and interfere in the technical viability of the exploration of a specie in a certain region. This research had for purpose to evaluate the possible alterations caused by the thermal stress comparing pure young goats of the Alpine race and Alpine X Boer, through the accomplishment of the complete hemogram and serum biochemical levels of T3 and T4, cortisol, total serum proteins, albumin and globulin, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, sodium and potassium and AST. Eight caprine divided into two groups, 4 Alpine goats and 4 Boer X Alpine goats, five months of age, were kept in a bioclimate chamber at the temperature of 35 to 40º C, during 5 hours a day during fourteen days with food and water "ad libitum". Watching the highest the average values of hematocrite and hemoglobin from the total plasmatic proteins were observed in the Alpine goats. It was attested the race effect on the serum levels of cortisol, being those smaller in the Boer X Alpine goats. Finally it was... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below). / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-08-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 veronezi_rc_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 630912 bytes, checksum: 2f77334d90dd41172f3c50102c8e64d9 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os antiinflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs) são rotineiramente usados na medicina eqüina como analgésicos e antiinflamatórios, sendo potentes controladores da dor. Entretanto, estes fármacos provocam alguns efeitos indesejáveis, como por exemplo, lesões renais e gastrointestinais. Os efeitos adversos dos AINEs ocorrem com a inibição da COX-1, enquanto os efeitos benéficos são observados com a inibição da enzima COX-2. Com o surgimento dos AINEs seletivos para COX-2, os efeitos adversos são controlados ou abolidos. Contudo, existem poucos relatos sobre a ação destes fármacos na espécie eqüina. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia antiinflamatória e analgésica, e os possíveis efeitos colaterais do antiinflamatório não esteroidal meloxicam em eqüinos sadios e portadores de enfermidades ortopédicas e/ou de tecidos moles, através de avaliação física, laboratorial e gastroscópica. Foram utilizados 28 eqüinos adultos, de diferentes raças, machos ou fêmeas e com peso corpóreo variando entre 300 e 600 kg, divididos em três grupos. Grupo 1: 5 eqüinos sadios, submetidos a administração de placebo, uma vez ao dia por 14 dias; grupo 2: 5 eqüinos sadios submetidos à administração de meloxicam, na dose de 0,6mg/kg, uma vez ao dia por 14 dias, e grupo 3: 18 eqüinos portadores de enfermidades ortopédicas e/ou de tecidos moles tratados com meloxicam na dose de 0,6mg/kg, uma vez ao dia por 14 dias. Todos os animais foram submetidos a exame clínico completo, incluindo anamnese e 24 exame físico, exames laboratoriais (hemograma, bioquímico e agregação plaquetária), tempo de sangramento e gastroscopia. O exame físico foi realizado diariamente e os exames laboratoriais e gastroscópicos foram realizados em três momentos, sendo M0: início do estudo; M1: 7o dia do estudo e M2: 14o dia do estudo. / Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are routinely used in equine medicine, due to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, having potent pain control properties. However, these drugs evoke some adverse effects, like renal and gastrointestinal damage. NSAIDs’s adverse effects occur because of COX-1 inhibition, while beneficial effects are observed after COX-2 inhibition. After the development of selective to COX-2 NSAIDs, the adverse effects became controlled or abolished. Nevertheless, there are few studies about the action of these drugs on equines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacy and the possible adverse effects of a NSAID meloxican on healthy horses, and also on those suffering from orthopedics or soft tissue diseases, by physical, laboratorial and gastroscopic evaluation. Twenty-eigtht adult horses were used, from different breeds, males or females, with body weight ranging from 300 to 600 kilograms, divided into three groups. Group 1: 5 healthy horses, submitted to placebo’s administration, once a day for 14 days; group 2: 5 healthy horses, submitted to meloxicam administration, at a dose of 0,6 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days, and group 3: eigthteen horses suffering of orthopedics or soft tissue diseases, treated with meloxicam at a dose of 0,6 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days. Every animal had a complete clinical exam, includind historical and physical evaluation, and laboratorial exams (hemogram, serum biochemistry, platelets aggregation), bleeding time and gastroscopy. The physical exam was daily performed, while laboratorial and 26 gastroscopic exams were performed at three moments: M0 – at the beginning of the study; M1 – 7th day of the study and M2 – 14th day of the study. The statistical analysis to the laboratorial exams was Tukey test, in 5% of significance (P<0,05). There was no statistical difference for laboratorial exams.

Orientador: Armen Thomassian / Banca: Carla Alberto Amani / Banca: Regina Kiomi Takahira / Banca: Luis Claudio Lopes Correia da Silva / Banca: Guilhermo G. Laguna Legorreta / Resumo: Os antiinflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs) são rotineiramente usados na medicina eqüina como analgésicos e antiinflamatórios, sendo potentes controladores da dor. Entretanto, estes fármacos provocam alguns efeitos indesejáveis, como por exemplo, lesões renais e gastrointestinais. Os efeitos adversos dos AINEs ocorrem com a inibição da COX-1, enquanto os efeitos benéficos são observados com a inibição da enzima COX-2. Com o surgimento dos AINEs seletivos para COX-2, os efeitos adversos são controlados ou abolidos. Contudo, existem poucos relatos sobre a ação destes fármacos na espécie eqüina. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia antiinflamatória e analgésica, e os possíveis efeitos colaterais do antiinflamatório não esteroidal meloxicam em eqüinos sadios e portadores de enfermidades ortopédicas e/ou de tecidos moles, através de avaliação física, laboratorial e gastroscópica. Foram utilizados 28 eqüinos adultos, de diferentes raças, machos ou fêmeas e com peso corpóreo variando entre 300 e 600 kg, divididos em três grupos. Grupo 1: 5 eqüinos sadios, submetidos a administração de placebo, uma vez ao dia por 14 dias; grupo 2: 5 eqüinos sadios submetidos à administração de meloxicam, na dose de 0,6mg/kg, uma vez ao dia por 14 dias, e grupo 3: 18 eqüinos portadores de enfermidades ortopédicas e/ou de tecidos moles tratados com meloxicam na dose de 0,6mg/kg, uma vez ao dia por 14 dias. Todos os animais foram submetidos a exame clínico completo, incluindo anamnese e 24 exame físico, exames laboratoriais (hemograma, bioquímico e agregação plaquetária), tempo de sangramento e gastroscopia. O exame físico foi realizado diariamente e os exames laboratoriais e gastroscópicos foram realizados em três momentos, sendo M0: início do estudo; M1: 7o dia do estudo e M2: 14o dia do estudo. / Abstract: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are routinely used in equine medicine, due to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, having potent pain control properties. However, these drugs evoke some adverse effects, like renal and gastrointestinal damage. NSAIDs's adverse effects occur because of COX-1 inhibition, while beneficial effects are observed after COX-2 inhibition. After the development of selective to COX-2 NSAIDs, the adverse effects became controlled or abolished. Nevertheless, there are few studies about the action of these drugs on equines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacy and the possible adverse effects of a NSAID meloxican on healthy horses, and also on those suffering from orthopedics or soft tissue diseases, by physical, laboratorial and gastroscopic evaluation. Twenty-eigtht adult horses were used, from different breeds, males or females, with body weight ranging from 300 to 600 kilograms, divided into three groups. Group 1: 5 healthy horses, submitted to placebo's administration, once a day for 14 days; group 2: 5 healthy horses, submitted to meloxicam administration, at a dose of 0,6 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days, and group 3: eigthteen horses suffering of orthopedics or soft tissue diseases, treated with meloxicam at a dose of 0,6 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days. Every animal had a complete clinical exam, includind historical and physical evaluation, and laboratorial exams (hemogram, serum biochemistry, platelets aggregation), bleeding time and gastroscopy. The physical exam was daily performed, while laboratorial and 26 gastroscopic exams were performed at three moments: M0 - at the beginning of the study; M1 - 7th day of the study and M2 - 14th day of the study. The statistical analysis to the laboratorial exams was Tukey test, in 5% of significance (P<0,05). There was no statistical difference for laboratorial exams. / Mestre

No description available.

Stem cells are one of the most fascinating areas of biology today, and since the discover of an adult population, i.e., adult Stem Cells (aSCs), they have generated much interest especially for their application potential as a source for cell based regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. aSCs have been found in different tissues including bone marrow, skin, intestine, central nervous system, where they reside in a special microenviroment termed “niche” which regulate the homeostasis and repair of adult tissues. The arterial wall of the blood vessels is much more plastic than ever before believed. Several animal studies have demonstrated the presence of cells with stem cell characteristics within the adult vessels. Recently, it has been also hypothesized the presence of a “vasculogenic zone” in human adult arteries in which a complete hierarchy of resident stem cells and progenitors could be niched during lifetime. Accordingly, it can be speculated that in that location resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with the ability to differentiate in smooth muscle cells, surrounding pericytes and fibroblasts are present. The present research was aimed at identifying in situ and isolating MSCs from thoracic aortas of young and healthy heart-beating multiorgan donors. Immunohistochemistry performed on fresh and frozen human thoracic aortas demonstrated the presence of the vasculogenic zone between the media and the adventitial layers in which a well preserved plexus of CD34 positive cells was found. These cells expressed intensely HLA-I antigens both before and after cryopreservation and after 4 days of organ cultures remained viable. Following these preliminary results, we succeeded to isolate mesenchymal cells from multi-organ thoracic aortas using a mechanical and enzymatic combined procedure. Cells had phenotypic characteristics of MSC i.e., CD44+, CD90+, CD105+, CD166+, CD34low, CD45- and revealed a transcript expression of stem cell markers, e.g., OCT4, c-kit, BCRP-1, IL6 and BMI-1. As previously documented using bone marrow derived MSCs, resident vascular wall MSCs were able to differentiate in vitro into endothelial cells in the presence of low-serum supplemented with VEGF-A (50 ng/ml) for 7 days. Under the condition described above, cultured cells showed an increased expression of KDR and eNOS, down-regulation of the CD133 transcript, vWF expression as documented by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, qPCR and TEM. Moreover, matrigel assay revealed that VEGF induced cells were able to form capillary-like structures within 6 hours of seeding. In summary, these findings indicate that thoracic aortas from heart-beating, multi-organ donors are highly suitable for obtaining MSCs with the ability to differentiate in vitro into endothelial cells. Even though their differentiating potential remains to be fully established, it is believed that their angiogenic ability could be a useful property for allogenic use. These cells can be expanded rapidly, providing numbers which are adequate for therapeutic neovascularization; furthermore they can be cryostored in appropriate cell banking facilities for later use.

The arterial wall contains MSCs with mesengenic and angiogenic abilities. These multipotent precursors have been isolated from variously-sized human adult segments, belying the notion that vessel wall is a relatively quiescent tissue. Recently, our group identified in normal human arteries a vasculogenic niche and subsequently isolated and characterized resident MSCs (VW-MSCs) with angiogenic ability and multilineage potential. To prove that VW-MSCs are involved in normal and pathological vascular remodeling, we used a long-term organ culture system; this method was of critical importance to follow spontaneous 3-D vascular remodeling without any influence of blood cells. Next we tried to identify and localize in situ the VW-MSCs and to understand their role in the vascular remodeling in failed arterial homografts. Subsequently, we isolated this cell population and tested in vitro their multilineage differentiation potential through immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, RT-PCR and ultrastructural analysis. From 25-30cm2 of each vascular wall homograft sample, we isolated a cell population with MSCs properties; these cells expressed MSC lineage molecules (CD90, CD44, CD105, CD29, CD73), stemness (Notch-1, Oct-4, Sca-1, Stro-1) and pericyte markers (NG2) whilst were negative for hematopoietic and endothelial markers (CD34, CD133, CD45, KDR, CD146, CD31 and vWF). MSCs derived from failed homografts (H-MSCs) exhibited adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic potential but scarce propensity to angiogenic and leiomyogenic differentiation. The present study demonstrates that failed homografts contain MSCs with morphological, phenotypic and functional MSCs properties; H-MSCs are long-lived in culture, highly proliferating and endowed with prompt ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes; compared with VW-MSCs from normal arteries, H-MSCs show a failure in angiogenic and leiomyogenic differentiation. A switch in MSCs plasticity could be the basis of pathological remodeling and contribute to aneurysmal failure of arterial homografts. The study of VW-MSCs in a pathological setting indicate that additional mechanisms are involved in vascular diseases; their knowledge will be useful for opening new therapeutic options in cardiovascular diseases.

Para verificar a toxidez e o quadro clínico e patológico da intoxicação por Dodonea viscosa em bovinos, a planta foi administrada para cinco bovinos onde quatro receberam folhas verdes e um recebeu folhas secas. Quatro dos bovinos que receberam as folhas verdes e seca apresentaram sinais clínicos e morreram. Um bovino não adoeceu e nem morreu. A planta mostrou-se tóxica a partir de 25g/kg de peso vivo. As folhas secas fornecidas na dose de 30g/kg mantiveram a toxidez. O menor período de evolução clínica nos que morreram foi de 3 horas e o maior foi de 19 horas.A evolução clínica foi cerca de 8,5h até a morte. O início dos sinais clínicos variou de 13 horas e 30 minutos a 45 horas. Os animais manifestaram apatia, anorexia, leve tenesmo, dificuldade para se manter em estação apoiando-se contra obstáculos, tremores musculares, decúbito esternal, movimentos de pedalagem, coma e morte. A alteração macroscópica mais significativa foi observada no fígado, que apresentava padrão lobular acentuado caracterizada por alternação de áreas vermelho-escuras,com o centro mais deprimido, intercaladas com áreas amarelo-claras conferindo ao órgão o aspecto de noz–moscada. Hemorragias petequiais foram encontradas em serosas de órgãos da cavidade abdominal e torácica e no intestino. A principal alteração microscópica foi observada no fígado que apresentou necrose coagulativa centrolobular ou massiva, associada à congestão e hemorragia.