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<p>Förändringar som berör arbetslivet kan innebära stor påverkan på</p><p>individerna, där vissa drabbas av konsekvenser för hälsan och andra</p><p>drabbas inte. Studier har funnit samband mellan personer som</p><p>drabbats av utmattningssyndrom och personer vars självkänsla</p><p>baseras på egna prestationer, prestationsbaserad självkänsla (pbs).</p><p>Studiens syfte var att undersöka om intervjusvaren från personer som</p><p>diagnostiserats med utmattningssyndrom, kunde beskriva beteenden</p><p>som stämmer med teorin om pbs. Sex semistrukturerade kvalitativa</p><p>intervjuer genomfördes och analyserades, främst med deduktiv</p><p>tematisk analysmetod. Resultatets teman utgjordes av begrepp som</p><p>kunde hittas i teorin om prestationsbaserad självkänsla och den skala</p><p>som mäter detta, pbs-skalan. Studiens resultat ger förståelse för vad</p><p>prestationsbaserad självkänsla innebär, samt att det kan vara</p><p>användbar kunskap för personer med personalansvar ute i arbetslivet.</p>

Förändringar som berör arbetslivet kan innebära stor påverkan på individerna, där vissa drabbas av konsekvenser för hälsan och andra drabbas inte. Studier har funnit samband mellan personer som drabbats av utmattningssyndrom och personer vars självkänsla baseras på egna prestationer, prestationsbaserad självkänsla (pbs). Studiens syfte var att undersöka om intervjusvaren från personer som diagnostiserats med utmattningssyndrom, kunde beskriva beteenden som stämmer med teorin om pbs. Sex semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes och analyserades, främst med deduktiv tematisk analysmetod. Resultatets teman utgjordes av begrepp som kunde hittas i teorin om prestationsbaserad självkänsla och den skala som mäter detta, pbs-skalan. Studiens resultat ger förståelse för vad prestationsbaserad självkänsla innebär, samt att det kan vara användbar kunskap för personer med personalansvar ute i arbetslivet.

If solar energy is to be a significant component of our energy supply, technologies are required which produce high efficiency solar cells using inexpensive materials and versatile manufacturing processes. Solution-processed materials have been used to create low cost, easily fabricated devices, but have suffered from low power conversion efficiencies. A lack of infrared energy capture limits their efficiency. In this work we develop solution-processed photovoltaic devices using lead sulphide quantum dots and high surface area porous oxide electrodes. The resultant devices have a spectral response from 400 to 1800 nm. In fabricating these devices we utilize crosslinking molecules. We explore the impact crosslinkers have on the mobility and morphology of quantum dot films using field effect transistors and transmission electron microscopy. We also explore a hybrid organic/inorganic route for controlling the net doping in quantum dot films. We investigate the chemical and compositional changes that lead sulphide quantum dots films undergo during crosslinker treatment and annealing. Using this information we optimize our charge separation efficiency and our open circuit voltage. The resulting devices have an infrared power conversion efficiency of 2%, four orders of magnitude higher than that in previously reported lead sulphide quantum dot devices.

If solar energy is to be a significant component of our energy supply, technologies are required which produce high efficiency solar cells using inexpensive materials and versatile manufacturing processes. Solution-processed materials have been used to create low cost, easily fabricated devices, but have suffered from low power conversion efficiencies. A lack of infrared energy capture limits their efficiency. In this work we develop solution-processed photovoltaic devices using lead sulphide quantum dots and high surface area porous oxide electrodes. The resultant devices have a spectral response from 400 to 1800 nm. In fabricating these devices we utilize crosslinking molecules. We explore the impact crosslinkers have on the mobility and morphology of quantum dot films using field effect transistors and transmission electron microscopy. We also explore a hybrid organic/inorganic route for controlling the net doping in quantum dot films. We investigate the chemical and compositional changes that lead sulphide quantum dots films undergo during crosslinker treatment and annealing. Using this information we optimize our charge separation efficiency and our open circuit voltage. The resulting devices have an infrared power conversion efficiency of 2%, four orders of magnitude higher than that in previously reported lead sulphide quantum dot devices.

No description available.

OBJECTIVE: Amongst college students there exists a concerning trend towards problem drinking owed to the cultures on campus that support problem drinking habits. Several interventions are currently used to encourage students to drink wisely with the goal of decreasing this problem drinking and the consequences of these behaviors. The current study analyzes the intention to use Protective Behavior Strategies through the model suggested in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). METHOD: College student participants (N = 171) completed a web-based survey examining alcohol-related behaviors, intentions, and perceptions at the time of the survey and over the next four weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At step 1, PBS intentions was regressed onto age and gender. This accounted for a small amount of variance in intentions. Next, the TPB predictors were added to the model which resulted in a significant improvement in the overall model fit. In the final model, perceived control over PBS use and peer PBS use norms were significant positive predictors of PBS use intentions. Attitudes toward PBS did not predict PBS use intentions.

<p> Temperature-sensitive mutants of the bacteriophage PBS 2 were isolated from lysates treated with various mutagens. Complementation tests assigned the mutants to 10 cistrons. The mutants were mapped by two factor crosses and formed a linear map approximately 50 recombination percent in length. </p> <p> A method for phage transformation was developed. By the use of wild type DNA fragments fractionated according to their guanine + cytosine content in HgCs₂SO₄ gradients, it was possible to determine the base composition of certain regions of the chromosomes. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

No abstract provided. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Parmi les biopolymères, le poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) fait l’objet d’un grand intérêt de la part des chercheurs et des industriels. Cependant, sa sensibilité thermique et son comportement mécanique fragile restreint son utilisation dans certaines applications. Ainsi pour améliorer ses propriétés, deux grandes stratégies ont été suivies au cours de cette thèse. La première consiste à incorporer une argile de type halloysite (HNT), issue du gisement de Djebel Debbagh à Guelma (Algérie). À cet effet, des nanocomposites PHBV/HNT ont été élaborés par voie fondue. Les résultats de la microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB) et STEM ont montré une distribution relativement homogène de l’HNT avec la présence de larges agrégats. En conséquence et dans le but, d’améliorer la dispersion de ces nanotubes, il a été nécessaire de procéder à la modification des interfaces polymère-argile, soit par la modification chimique de l’halloysite, soit par l’incorporation d’un compatibilisant de type PHBV-g-MA dans le système binaire. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence la coexistence d’agrégats et de nanotubes individualisés. La seconde approche consiste à mélanger le PHBV avec un autre biopolymère comme le polybutylène succinate (PBS). Celui-ci a été choisi pour sa bonne stabilité thermique et ses bonnes propriétés mécaniques. Des systèmes hybrides ont été préparés par voie "fondue" en incorporant l’HNT et le PHBV-g-MA comme compatibilisant. L’étude révèle à travers le MEB que l’ajout de 5% en masse de PHBV-g-MA améliore la morphologie du mélange PHBV/PBS 80/20 qui se traduit par une diminution de la taille des nodules de PBS. L’ajout de 5% en masse de l’HNT dans le mélange favorise aussi la diminution de la taille des nodules de PBS. Cependant, la combinaison du PHBV-g-MA et de l’HNT limite l’effet émulsifiant de l’agent compatibilisant dû à l’agrégation de l’HNT. Les résultats de DSC et d’ATG montrent que le PHBV-g-MA n’a aucun effet sur les propriétés et la stabilité thermiques du mélange PHBV/PBS. Toutefois, la présence de l’HNT joue un rôle positif dans la diminution du pic de dégagement de chaleur (HRR). Les propriétés mécaniques du mélange ternaire PHBV/PBS/HNT avec ou sans compatibilisant sont comparables à celles du mélange pur PHBV/PBS 80/20.Une dernière partie des travaux a été menée sur le recyclage thermomécanique à travers une évaluation des effets du nombre de cycles d'excursion répétés sur le PHBV, le PBS, les nanocomposites PHBV/HNT et PBS/HNT, le mélange binaire PHBV/PBS 80/20 et ternaire PHBV/PBS 80/20+HNT avec et sans compatibilisant. Les résultats de cette étude ont montré que la recyclabilité de ces systèmes est possible du fait que la nanostructure du matériau recyclé soit améliorée et que les propriétés thermiques et mécaniques ne sont pas affectées après 5 cycles d’extrusion. / Among biopolymers, the poly (hydroxybutyrate-Co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) has attracted the attention of researchers and industry. However, its thermal sensitivity and its fragility limited its use for some applications. Thus, to improve its properties, two great strategies were considering during this thesis. The first consists in incorporating halloysite (HNT), type of clay, collected from Djebel Debbagh in Guelma (Algeria). For this purpose, nanocomposites PHBV/HNT were prepared by melt compounding. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and STEM showed a relatively homogeneous distribution of the HNT with the presence of large aggregates. Consequently and in the aim to improve the dispersion of these nanotubes, it was necessary to carry out the modification of interfaces polymer-clay, either by the chemical modification of halloysite, or by the incorporation of compatibilizer like PHBV-g -MA in the binary system. The results obtained highlight the coexistence of individualized and aggregated nanotubes.The second approach consists in mixing the PHBV with another biopolymère like polybutylene succinate (PBS). This one was selected for its good thermal stability and its good mechanical properties. Hybrid systems were prepared by melt compounding by incorporating HNT and PHBV-g-MA as compatibilizers. The SEM analysis reveals that the addition of 5wt.% of PHBV-g-MA improves morphology of PHBV/PBS 80/20 blend inducing a reduction in the size of PBS nodules. The addition of 5wt.% of the HNT in the blend favorites also the reduction in the size of PBS nodules. However, the combination of PHBV-g-MA and the HNT limits the emulsifying effect of the compatibilizer due to the aggregation of the HNT. DSC analysis and TGA show that PHBV-g-MA has no effect on the thermal properties and the thermal stability PHBV/PBS blend. However, the presence of the HNT plays a positive role in the reduction in the peak of heat release rate (HRR). The mechanical properties of ternary mixture PHBV/PBS/HNT with or without compatibilisant are comparable with those of PHBV/PBS 80/20 pure blend.Another study came supplemented this work from thesis while being focused on the thermomechanical recycling of the PHBV, the PBS, nanocomposites PHBV/HNT and PBS/HNT, the PHBV/PBS 80/20 binary blend and PHBV/PBS 80/20+ HNT ternary blend with and without compatibilization. The results of this study showed that the recyclability of these systems is possible owing to the fact that the nanostructure of recycled material is improved and that the thermal and mechanical properties are not affected after 5 cycles of extrusion.