The subject of this diploma thesis is a study of two variants of sewer network of Cetechovice. Variant solutions include the use of existing segments supplemented by new gravitational or pressure sections. The proposed variant solutions are then economically assessed.

This diploma thesis deals with the calculation of pressure losses in the flue gas ducts. First part of this work describes properties of flue gas and flow dynamics. Part of the theoretical analysis was detailed study of pipeline elements with emphasis on the reasons for the existence of pressure loss in the flow, calculations of the resistance coefficients and possible methods of reducing the losses. In the practical part, a model of the pressure loss calculation of the existing flue gas line installed in the incineration plant was created. At the end of the thesis a proposal for optimization of this route was made with emphasis on the reduction of the overall pressure loss. By optimization the pressure drop of the specified route was reduced from 3581 Pa to 2647 Pa, i.e by 26% and the required power input of the fan was reduced from 225 kW to 166,5 kW.

The diploma thesis is focused on the possibilities of drainage of waste water and its subsequent liquidation in the village of Kamenný Malíkov. The aim of this diploma thesis is the elaboration of variant solutions for drainage of Kamenný Malíkov. Furthermore, the proposal for wastewater treatment, the economic comparison of variants and the recommendation of the unsuitable variant. The diploma thesis deals with the proposal of predominantly gravitational way of drainage of waste water in combination with the pressure, due to incline terrain in the village. Each eventuality has wastewater treatment method designed.

The presented MSc. thesis is focused on the introduction and application of PDMS software in the process piping designing area. The introduction to the employing of the PDMS software is elaborated in the first part of the thesis as practical user manual of this software followed by the benefits of this software as a recognized supportive design program are consequently illustrated on partial solved cases from common design practice. The particular benefit of deploying PDMS in design practice is demonstrated in the thesis by economic evaluation of two selected solved industrial projection cases where design optimization of process piping system is solved with the support of this software system. Introduction of new ones broadening possibilities and current trends in the supportive design software systems, specifically using the scanner and supporting Everything3D are also presented as part of the thesis on a concrete example of the reconstruction of the boiler room.

This diploma thesis is focused on a large-scale irrigation embedded in the urban landscape. The main goal is to find a new concept of the large-scale irrigation system using a minimum of added electrical energy. The system is aimed at rainwater harvesting and distribution in populated areas. Part of the work is the analysis of the zoning plan of the selected locality, the design of the entire system from the accumulation of collected water to the distribution of watering to the root zone of plants. In the practical part, the proposed distribution network is calculated according to the current known equations, and the calculation is finished with the choice of a suitable diameter of the pipeline network. In addition, the work suggests possible sites for new planting of plants.

This theses deals with flow of two immisible fluid in horizontal pipeline. First part teoretically describes immisible flow. What follows is experimental measurement in wich experimental track was adjusted for inlet of oil from the top. Water and corn germ oil were used as fluids. There were observed many modes of flow on the track. After that PIV was described and measured. PIV was done for measurement of values of velocity vectors. Simulation of one chosen mode was developed in the last chapter. This simulation was done in Ansys Fluent with help of VOF method. Simulation was done both in 3D and 2D pipeline. In the end these simulation were compared with experiment measurement and were critically evaluated.

The current trend towards large-scale research projects with big quantities of data from multiple sources require robust and efficient data handling. This thesis explores techniques for automatizing research data pipelines. Specifically, two tasks related to automation within a long-term research project in cognitive neuroscience are addressed. The first task is to develop a tool for automatic transcribing of paper-based questionnaires using computer vision. Questionnaires containing continuous scales, so called visual analog scales (VASs), are used extensively in e.g. psychology. Despite this, there currently exists no tool for automatic decoding of these types of questionnaires. The resulting computer vision system for automatic questionnaire transcribing we present, called "VASReader", reliably detects VAS marks with an accuracy of 98%, and predicts their position with a mean absolute error of 0.3 mm when compared to manual measurements. The second task addressed in this thesis project is to investigate whether machine learning can be used to detect anomalies in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. An implementation of the unsupervised anomaly detection technique Isolation Forest shows promising results for the detection of anomalous data points. The model is trained on image quality metric (IQM) data extracted from MRI. However, it is concluded that the site of scanning and MRI machine model used affect the IQMs, and that the model is more prone to classify data points originating from machines and institutions that have less support in the database as anomalous. An important conclusion from both tasks is that automation is possible and can be a great asset to researchers, if an appropriate level and type of automation is selected.

Introductory part of this thesis is aimed on theoretical description, principle and building of biogas stations, which require solution of many different problems. A specific group of the problems concern transport of mixed substrates of different concentrations both in and outside the area of biogas station. A major part of the substrate transport is done by pumping it in pressure pipeline. Experimental work consists of design and description of a measuring circuit. Graphic characteristics for water and gas loss levels are drawn from the measured readings. Multiples of pressure losses by flowage of substrates with different levels of dry basis are graphically expressed with a help of correction coefficients.

The subject of this thesis is strength design of pipe connecting furnace of continuous catalytic reforming with reactor. First is realize analytical design of individual parts according to ASME VIII, ČSN EN 12952-3 a ČSN EN 13480-3. It is also design and optimize supporting pipe using Caesar II. At the end of work is creating isometric documentation.

La technologie CMOS a contribué au développement de l'industrie des semi-conducteurs. Cependant, au fur et à mesure que le noeud technologique est réduit, la technologie CMOS fait face à des défis importants liés à la dissipation dûe aux courants de fuite et aux effets du canal court. Pour résoudre ce problème, les chercheurs se sont intéressés à la spintronique ces dernières années, compte tenu de la possibilité de fabriquer des dispositifs de taille réduite et d'opérations de faible puissance. La jonction tunnel magnétique (MTJ) est l'un des dispositifs spintroniques les plus importants qui peut stocker des données binaires grâce à la Magnétorésistance à effet tunnel (TMR). En dehors des applications de mémoire non volatile, la MTJ peut également être utilisée pour combiner ou remplacer les circuits CMOS pour implémenter un circuit hybride, de façon à combiner une faible consommation d'énergie et des performances à grande vitesse. Cependant, le problème de la conversion fréquente de charge en spin dans un circuit hybride peut entraîner une importante consommation d'énergie, ce qui obère l'intérêt pour des circuits hybrides. Par conséquent, le concept ASL qui repose sur un pur courant de spin comme support de l'information est proposé pour limiter les conversions entre charge et spin, donc pour réduire la consommation d'énergie. La conception de circuits à base de dispositif ASL entraîne de nombreux défis liés à l'hétérogénéité qu'ils introduisent et à l'espace de conception étendu à explorer. Par conséquent, cette thèse se concentre sur l'écart entre les exigences d'application au niveau du système et la fabrication des nanodispositifs. Au niveau du dispositif, nous avons développé un modèle compact intégrant le STT, la TMR, les effets d'injection/accumulation de spin, le courant de breakdown des canaux et le délai de diffusion de spin. Validé par comparaison avec les résultats expérimentaux, ce modèle permet d'explorer les paramètres du dispositif liés à la fabrication, tels que les longueurs de canaux et les tailles de MTJ, et aide les concepteurs à éviter leur destruction. De plus, ce modèle, décrit avec Verilog-A sur Cadence et divisé en plusieurs blocs : injecteur, détecteur, canal et contact, permet une conception indépendante et une optimisation des circuits ASL qui facilitent la conception de circuits hiérarchiques et complexes. En outre, les expressions permettant le calcul de l'injection/accumulation de spin pour le dispositif ASL utilisé sont dérivées. Elles permettent de discuter des phénomènes expérimentaux observés sur les dispositifs ASL. Au niveau circuit, nous avons développé une méthodologie de conception de circuit/système, en tenant compte de la distribution des canaux, de l'interconnexion des portes et des différents rapports de courant d'injection provoqués par la diffusion de spin. Avec les spécifications et les contraintes du circuit/système, les fonctions booléennes du circuit sont synthétisées en fonction de la méthode de synthèse développée et des paramètres de niveau de fabrication : longueur des canaux, et tailles MTJ sont spécifiées. Basé sur cette méthodologie développée, les circuits combinatoires de base qui forment une bibliothèque de circuits sont conçus et évalués en utilisant le modèle compact développé. Au niveau du système, un circuit DCT, un circuit de convolution et un système Intel i7 sont évalués en explorant les problèmes d'interconnexion : la répartition de l'interconnexion entre les portes et le nombre de tampons inséré. Avec des paramètres théoriques, les résultats montrent que le circuit/système ASL peut surpasser le circuit/système basé sur CMOS. De plus, le pipeline du circuit basé sur ASL est discuté avec MTJ comme tampons insérés entre les étapes. La reconfigurabilité provoquée par les polarités/valeurs du courant d'injection et les états des terminaux de control des circuits ASL sont également discutés avec l'exploration reconfigurable des circuits logiques de base. / The CMOS technology has tremendously affected the development of the semi-conductor industry. However, as the technology node is scaled down, the CMOS technology faces significant challenges set by the leakage power and the short channel effects. To cope with this problem, researchers pay their attention to the spintronics in recent years, considering its possibilities to allow smaller size fabrication and lower power operations. The magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is one of the most important spintronic devices which can store binary data based on Tunnel MagnetoResistance (TMR) effect. Except for the non-volatile memory, MTJ can be also used to combine with or replace the CMOS circuits to implement a hybrid circuit, for the potential to achieve low power consumption and high speed performance. However, the problem of frequent spin-charge conversion in a hybrid circuit may cause large power consumption, which diminishes the advantage of the hybrid circuits. Therefore, the ASL concept which uses a pure spin current to transport the information is proposed for fewer charge-spin conversions, thus for less power consumption. The design of ASL device-based circuits leads to numerous challenges related to the heterogeneity they introduce and the large design space to explore. Hence, this thesis focus on filling the gap between application requirements at the system level and the device fabrication at the device level. In device level, we developed a compact model integrating the STT, the TMR, the spin injection/accumulation effects, the channel breakdown current and the spin diffusion delay. Validated by comparing with experimental results, this model allows exploring fabrication-related device parameters such as channel lengths and MTJ sizes and help designers to prevent from device damages. Moreover, programmed with Verilog-A on Cadence and divided into several blocks: injector, detector, channel and contact devices, this model allows the independent design and cross-layer optimization of ASL-based circuits, that eases the design of hierarchical, complex circuits. Furthermore, the spin injection/accumulation expressions for the used ASL device are derived, enabling to discuss the experimental phenomena of the ASL device. In circuit level, we developed a circuit/system design methodology, taking into account the channel distribution, the gate interconnection and the different injection current ratios caused by the spin diffusion. With circuit/system specifications and constraints, the boolean functions of a circuit are synthesized based on the developed synthesis method and fabrication-level parameters: channel lengths, MTJ sizes are specified. Based on this developed methodology, basic combinational circuits that form a circuit library are designed and evaluated by using the developed compact model. In system level, a DCT circuit, a convolution circuit and an Intel i7 system are evaluated exploring the interconnection issues: interconnection distribution between gates and inserted buffer count. With theoretical parameters, results show that ASL-based circuit/system can outperform CMOS-based circuit/system. Moreover, the pipelining schema of the ASL-based circuit is discussed with MTJ as latches inserted between stages. The reconfigurability caused by the injection current polarities/values and the control terminal states of ASL-based circuits are also discussed with the reconfigurable exploration of basic logic circuits.