• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

NANOCÁPSULAS CONTENDO ÁCIDO ALL-TRANS-RETINOICO: EFEITO ANTITUMORAL VIA DIFERENCIAÇÃO CELULAR E ATIVAÇÃO APOPTÓTICA INTRÍNSECA EM CÉLULAS DE LEUCEMIA PROMIELOCÍTICA AGUDA

Homrich, Shayenne Scheffer 28 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2018-08-17T19:27:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_ShayenneSchefferHomrich.pdf: 1706469 bytes, checksum: 48ab5f162c893018778d1ac573ca031d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T19:27:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_ShayenneSchefferHomrich.pdf: 1706469 bytes, checksum: 48ab5f162c893018778d1ac573ca031d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 / The Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL), firstly described in 1957, is the most malignant type of acute leukemia. Currently, the knowledge of its pathophysiological mechanism at molecular levels became possible the development of efficient therapies making APL the most curable leukemia type. In this sense, APL is also used as a model on cancer advances, being the molecular treatment performed with all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) that presents high efficiency at its control. However, several patients develop differentiation syndrome, as a side effect of this drug. In these terms, compared to another drugs, the cytotoxic antineoplastic agents present particular problems, as poor specificity, high toxicity and resistance susceptibility. An alternative strategy to decrease the ATRA cytotoxicity is the incorporation of this drug in polymer nanocapsules with oily core. In this work nanocapsules with lipid core containing ATRA (NA) were evaluated as their potential to inhibit cellular grow, to induce apoptosis, to interfere the cell cycle, and at APL cellular differentiation using NB4 cell line. Results showed that NA was able to overcome the cellular resistance to AL treatment, decreasing cell viability, inducing apoptosis, through BAX/BCL-2 gene expression, cell cycle arresting at G1 phase and cellular differentiation under 1.5 and 2.0 μM. Additionally, theses systems can contribute to increase the efficacy and reduce the toxicity due to the potential accumulation of nanoparticles at the tumor region due to increased vascular permeability of tumor vases. The ATRA incorporation in lipid nanocarriers is a interesting alternative to make possible its intravenous administration. Moreover, these systems present potential to drug accumulation at tumor tissue through a passive targeting called effect of permeability and increased retention. / A Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda (LPA), primeiramente descrita em 1957 é a forma mais maligna de leucemia aguda. Atualmente, o conhecimento dos seus mecanismos fisiopatológicos em nível molecular possibilitou o desenvolvimento de terapias eficazes fazendo com que a LPA seja a forma mais curável de leucemia. Por este motivo a LPA é também utilizada como modelo para os avanços no tratamento do câncer, sendo o tratamento molecular com ácido all-trans-retinoico (ATRA) o que apresenta alta eficiência no seu controle. Entretanto, inúmeros pacientes adquirem a Síndrome de Diferenciação, como efeito adverso a este medicamento. Diante disto, em comparação com outros fármacos, os antineoplásicos citotóxicos apresentam problemas únicos, como pobre especificidade, elevada toxicidade e susceptibilidade para induzir resistência. Uma estratégia para diminuir a citotoxicidade do ATRA é a incorporação do mesmo em nanocápsulas poliméricas com núcleo oleoso. Neste trabalho nanocápsulas de núcleo lipídico contendo ATRA (NA) foram avaliadas quanto ao seu potencial de inibir o crescimento, induzir a apoptose e interferir com o ciclo celular e na diferenciação de células de LPA, linhagem NB4. Os resultados demonstraram que a NA foi capaz de superar a resistência celular ao tratamento com AL, reduzindo a viabilidade celular, induzindo apoptose, pela expressão dos genes BAX/BCL-2, parada do ciclo celular em G1 e diferenciação celular nas concentrações de 1,5 e 2,0 μM. Adicionalmente, estes sistemas podem contribuir para o aumento da eficácia e redução da toxicidade devido ao potencial para acúmulo das nanopartículas na região tumoral graças à permeabilidade vascular aumentada dos vasos tumorais. A incorporação de ATRA em nanocarreadores lipídicos constitui uma alternativa interessante para viabilizar sua administração intravenosa. Além disso, estes sistemas apresentam potencial para acúmulo do fármaco na região tumoral, por meio de um direcionamento passivo chamado de efeito de permeabilidade e retenção aumentada.
2

Role of epigenetic modifications in acute promyelocytic leukemia

Villa, Raffaella 10 December 2007 (has links)
Mi trabajo ha estado enfocado en la implicación de los diferentes mecanismos epigenéticos de PML-RARa en la inducción de la leucemia promielocítica aguda (APL).En particular yo estudié el rol de MBD1, un miembro de la conservada familia de proteinas capaces de unirse al DNA metilado, demostrando que desempeña un papel importante en la progresión de la leucemia. De hecho, mostré que MBD1 es recruida por PML-RARa a sus promotores diana a través de los mecanismos mediados por HDAC3, participando por tanto en la represión transcripcional. Además, investigué hasta donde la metilación de la H3K27 mediada por Polycomb contribuye a la tumorgénesis mediada por PML-RARa. Demostré que PML-RARa dirige al PRC2 hacia el locus del tumor supresor causando la metilación de la H3K27. Fue interesante ser capaz de mostrar que tanto la metilación del DNA como la de las histonas era requerida para mantener el aberrante silencio génico. Esto apuntaba hacia una intercomunicación entre estos diferentes marcadores epigenéticos contribuyendo a la patología molecular de la leucemia. Resumiendo, estos resultados nos proporcionan elementos nuevos para comprender los mecanismos moleculares esenciales en la tumorgénesis y progresión de la APL. / My work was focused on the involvement of different epigenetic mechanisms in PML-RARa-induced acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). In particular, I studied the role of MBD1, a member of a conserved family of proteins able to bind methylated DNA, demonstrating that has an important function in leukemia progression. Indeed, I showed that MBD1 is recruited by PML-RARa to its target promoters through an HDAC3-mediated mechanism, thus participating in transcriptional repression.. Furthermore, I investigated how far Polycomb-mediated H3K27 methylation contributes to PML-RARa mediated tumorigenesis. I demonstrated that PML-RARa targets the PRC2 to tumor suppressor loci causing H3K27 methylation. Interestingly, I was able to show that both DNA and histone methylation are required to maintain PML-RARa aberrant gene silencing, pointing towards a crosstalk among these different epigenetic layers that contributes to the molecular pathology of leukemia. In summary these results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying APL tumorigenesis and progression.

Page generated in 0.0159 seconds