Submitted by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-16T14:17:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-16T14:17:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-16T14:17:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-16T14:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-03 / Não recebi financiamento / For a few years now polymeric materials have been ever present around the whole globe. Polyurethane (PU) for example is the sixth most produced polymer globally, generating with that a considerable amount of scrap due to industrialization processes, usage or end of its life cycle. About this, the present dissertation proposes to reprocess industrially discarded PU through mechanical recycling and injection molding to validate reusing this waste, reducing the amount sent to landfill. In order to do that PU scrap was physically mixed with high density polyethylene (HDPE), a commodity polymer, in pellets. PU was obtained from industrial waste of an earplug production process and HPE was bought in local market. PU scrap was obtained as a polymeric blanket that was later milled and micronized. Three different mixtures were manually prepared and placed into an industrial scale injection molding machine which resulted in the production of test specimens of 2%, 5% and 7% in mass of micronized PU into a HDPE matrix. Test specimens were submitted to flexural, tension and impact testing and the results were compared to the properties of 100% virgin specimens and with literature data. The samples indicated that adding PU decreased impact resistance but kept the performance on flexural and tension strengths, even increasing maximum deformation. Regarding thermal properties, the studied material presented the same melt and crystallization temperatures results for Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) as well as loss and storage modulus for Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed a decreased to the mass loss peak temperature when PU percentage increased. Nonetheless, considering all mechanical and thermal properties analyzed, present study shows that reusing the PU scrap is a viable option, given the appropriate process conditions. / Há alguns anos, os materiais poliméricos estão cada vez mais presentes nas indústrias, comércios, residências, enfim, no cotidiano de países do mundo inteiro. O poliuretano (PU), por exemplo, é o sexto tipo mais comum de polímero sintetizado mundialmente, gerando também uma quantidade considerável de resíduo, após o processamento industrial, uso ou fim de vida útil. Neste contexto, este trabalho aborda o reprocessamento, através da reciclagem mecânica e injeção, de poliuretano (PU) descartado industrialmente com a intenção de validar o reaproveitamento desse resíduo, diminuindo seu envio para aterros. Para isto, foram realizadas misturas físicas de resíduos de PU com o polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD), um polímero commodity, em forma de grânulos (pellets). O PU foi obtido de descartes primários do processo de fabricação de protetores auditivos e o PEAD foi comprado regularmente no mercado nacional. O PU de descarte estava no formato de uma manta polimérica que foi submetida à moagem e micronização. Posteriormente, as misturas foram realizadas manualmente e colocadas em injetora de porte industrial, o que permitiu a obtenção de corpos de prova nas proporções de 2%, 5% e 7% em massa de PU moído em relação ao polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD). Os corpos de prova injetados foram, então, submetidos aos ensaios de flexão, de tração e de impacto. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados aos das propriedades de corpos de prova 100% virgem (sem presença do PU) e com a literatura. As amostras indicaram que a adição do PU ocasionou decréscimo na propriedade de resistência ao impacto, mas manteve as propriedades testadas em flexão e tração, apresentando inclusive aumento na deformação máxima quando o PU foi adicionado. Quanto às propriedades térmicas, os materiais obtidos mantiveram os valores das temperaturas de fusão e de cristalização analisadas por DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), bem como os valores de módulos de armazenamento e de perda analisados por DMTA (Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis). De acordo com as análises realizadas por Termogravimetria (TG), foi observado decréscimo da temperatura de pico de perda de massa, quanto maior a presença de poliuretano. No entanto, considerando todas as propriedades mecânicas e térmicas analisadas, o trabalho indicou que é viável, diante de certas condições de processo, o reaproveitamento desse tipo de resíduo de PU.

According to the Waste Framework Directie 2008/98/ES and the Czech law on waste 185/2001 Sb., waste preienton is the main priority in waste management. Using biodegradable plastcs seems to represent a suitable approach in fulflling the strategy. The subject of this diploma thesis is biodegradable lightweight polyurethanes (PURs), which might represent suitable materials for repellent fences in agricultural landscapes. Biodegradaton processes are assumed to begin in the agricultural soil afer their lifetme. The biodegradability of new lightweight PURs (BIO 8-10), presented as material mineralizaton, was tested in agricultural soil under laboratory conditons according to the ASTM Internatonal standard method D5988-03. Afer the nine-month experiment the material with the highest biodegradability (BIO 10) containing starch (28 wt. %) was mineralized to 42.0 ± 4.2 %. Cellulose (the positie control) was completely mineralized; thus, the ialidity criterion (positie control mineralizaton > 70 %) was accomplished. Afer the biodegradability test, degradaton products (residual PURs) were separated from the soil by a two-step method using fuidisaton and fotaton, according to a modifed procedure described in Nuelle et al. (2014). The procedure enabled a subsequent analysis of PUR residues with Fourier transform...

Une alternative aux produits industriels de type phénol ou résorcinol peut être des tanins ou de la lignine. Les deux sont des polyphénols naturels, le tanin est extrait de différentes parties de plantes, tandis que la lignine est habituellement obtenue comme sous-produit dans les industries papetières. Ces deux produits sont la base principale sur laquelle j’ai travaillé pendant le développement de cette thèse. Dans une première partie, une étude de caractérisation et de différenciation entre différents tannins ayant la même origine mais que présentent un comportement différent lorsqu'ils sont utilisés dans la même application dans les mêmes conditions a été effectuée. Cette étude met en évidence la GPC comme technique fondamentale pour la différenciation des tanins de quebracho sulfités. D'autre part, les interactions entre différentes substances avec du tanin et de la lignine ont été étudiées. Comme l’étude de la réaction entre les diamines (telles que l'hexaméthylènediamine) avec du tanin et de la lignine pour obtenir des résines polycondensées. En outre, dans cette section ont été obtenus des polyuréthanes avec au moins 70% de substances naturelles dans leur préparation sans utiliser d'isocyanate dans le procédé. De plus, des aldéhydes dérivés de la lignine, comme la vanilline, ont été utilisés avec le tanin de pin pour la fabrication d'adhésifs dans la préparation de panneaux de particulaires, obtenant des résultats satisfaisants selon les normes européennes et des substances complètement naturelles. Enfin, dans le cadre d'un projet industriel les étapes initiales pour le développement d'une mousse de tanin rigide applicable par projection pour l'isolation thermique des bâtiments ont été réalisées. Lorsqu'un nouveau système de moussage mécanique a été développé pour des mousses de tanin basées sur des mousses de lutte contre incendie à base de tanin ou dans les mousses des opérations d’ouverture du tunnel, ce nouveau système de moussage évite les problèmes de retrait lors de la formation de la mousse / An alternative to industrial phenol or resorcinol industrial products may be tannins or lignin. Both are natural polyphenols, the tannin is extracted from different parts of plants, while lignin is usually obtained as a secondary product in the pulp and paper mill. These two products are the main basis on which I have worked during the development of this thesis. In a first part, a study of characterization and differentiation between different tannins with the same origin and that present a different behavior when used in the same application under the same conditions has been done. Highlighting the GPC as a fundamental technique for the differentiation between sulphited quebracho tannins. On the other hand, the interactions between different substances with tannin and with lignin have been studied. As the study of the reaction between diamines (such as hexamethylenediamine) with tannin and lignin to obtain a polycondensed resins. Also, in this section have been obtained polyurethanes with at least 70% of natural substances in their preparation without using any isocyanate in the process. In addition, aldehydes derived from lignin, such as vanillin, have been used next to pine tannin for the manufacture of adhesives in the preparation of particleboards, obtaining satisfactory results according to European standards and from completely natural substances. Finally, within an industrial project the initial steps have been carried out for the development of a rigid tannin foam applicable by projection for the thermal insulation of buildings. Where a new mechanical foaming system has been developed for tannin foams based in fire-fighting foams or in the foams of the tunneling operations, this new system of foaming avoids the problems of shrinkage during the formation of the foam

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:47:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:06:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 08364.pdf: 6489589 bytes, checksum: 1e73a94458be296353fbd0a5d5f21ab4 (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2015-06-09T18:38:57Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-09T18:38:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Neste trabalho, foram sintetizados poliuretanos termoplásticos (TPU) via solução em reator e via extrusão reativa em extrusora dupla rosca. Os TPUs foram obtidos com o uso de pré-polímero 4,4‟-difenilmetano (MDI) e poliol poliéster, a hidroquinona bis-2-(hidróxietil)-éter (HQEE), e o n-fenilaminopropil-POSS. Os reagentes e produtos foram caracterizados através de análises de Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Calorimetria Diferencial de Varredura (DSC), análise Termogravimétrica (TGA) e reometria capilar (exclusivamente para os produtos). As análises de DSC mostraram que a presença do POSS influenciou a entalpia de fusão (ΔHm) dos TPUs sintetizados via solução. As amostras polimerizadas por extrusão reativa a 80 ºC apresentam Tm comparativamente menores que as amostras sintetizadas a 90 ºC, porém com ΔHm superior, indicando que a temperatura possivelmente favorece a formação de um número maior de cristais com um tamanho médio inferior. Também foram observados fenômenos exotérmicos durante o aquecimento das amostras sintetizadas via extrusão reativa, provavelmente devido a disponibilidade de grupos isocianato livres, detectados via FTIR, na região de ~2253 cm-1. A estabilidade térmica dos TPUs via solução também foi alterada pela adição de POSS, enquanto o polímero obtido através da extrusão reativa apresentou valores mais elevados no início da degradação. Os ensaios de TGA em isoterma apresentaram valores de perda de massa progressivamente inferiores nas amostras sintetizadas via extrusão reativa, demonstrando que tanto o POSS quanto a temperatura de síntese influem nas propriedades do polímero. Ensaios de resistência térmica nas amostras apresentaram perdas de massa inferiores nas amostras vi8a xetrusão reativa. Em ensaios de reometria capilar, a inserção do POSS levou a um aumento progressivo da viscosidade intrínseca do polímero, indicando aumento da massa molar média do TPU sintetizado via solução. Os mesmos ensaios executados com as amostras via extrusão reativa mostraram viscosidades aparentes similares, provavelmente influenciados por processos de degradação do material na célula de carga, levando a comportamentos de viscosidade sem uma tendência observável. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-06-03T18:10:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gabriel Hoyer Lopes.pdf: 2245249 bytes, checksum: 97ec28c68a7d73e9ca22b258465c50c6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-03T18:10:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gabriel Hoyer Lopes.pdf: 2245249 bytes, checksum: 97ec28c68a7d73e9ca22b258465c50c6 (MD5) / In this work, thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) were synthesized in solution process and reactive extrusion in twin-screw extruder. The TPUs were obtained with the use of pre-polymer based on 4,4´-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and a polyester functionalized polyol, the bis-2-(hidroxyethyl)ether hidroquinone and the n-phenylaminopropyl-POSS as a second chain extender. The reagents and products were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and also capillary rheometry (only for those products). The DSC analysis presence influenced the melting enthalpy (ΔHm) of the TPU synthesized by solution. The samples synthesized through reactive extrusion at 80 ºC presented a higher Tm compared to the 90 ºC TPUs, with a higher ΔHm, suggesting that the temperature favors the formation of a greater number of crystals with a lower medium size. Exothermic phenomena were observed during the heating of samples synthesized in reactive extrusion, probably due to the availability of free isocyanate groups, which were detected by FTIR in the ~2253 cm-1 region. The thermal stability of the TPUs was enhanced by the addition of POSS, while the polymers obtained through reactive extrusion presented higher onset degradation temperatures. The TGA analysis in isothermal conditions showed progressively lower mass loss values in samples obtained by reactive extrusion, demonstrating that the amount of POSS, as well the synthesis temperature, had influence in the final properties of the TPU. The thermal resistance of samples polymerized in reactive extrusion. In capillary rheometry tests, the insertion of POSS in the polymer led to a progressively higher value of intrinsic viscosity of the TPUs, indicating an increase in the mean molar mass of the TPUs obtained through solution synthesis. The same method was applied to the samples obtained through reactive extrusion, which showed similar apparent viscosities, yet the analysis was probably influenced by the degradation of the TPU inside the loading cell, leading to no measurable tendency in the viscosity of the polymer.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JuceliaMER.pdf: 2171315 bytes, checksum: 6d1b358ee82a3e95a8b3fb30782bdf76 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Polyurethanes are very versatile macromolecular materials that can be used in the form of powders, adhesives and elastomers. As a consequence, they constitute important subject for research as well as outstanding materials used in several manufacturing processes. In addition to the search for new polyurethanes, the kinetics control during its preparation is a very important topic, mainly if the polyurethane is obtained via bulk polymerization. The work in thesis was directed towards this subject, particularly the synthesis of polyurethanes based castor oil and isophorone diisocianate. As a first step castor oil characterized using the following analytical methods: iodine index, saponification index, refraction index, humidity content and infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR). As a second step, test specimens of these polyurethanes were obtained via bulk polymerization and were submitted to swelling experiments with different solvents. From these experiments, the Hildebrand parameter was determined for this material. Finally, bulk polymerization was carried out in a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) equipment, using different heating rates, at two conditions: without catalyst and with dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as catalyst. The DSC curves were adjusted to a kinetic model, using the isoconversional method, indicating the autocatalytic effect characteristic of this class of polymerization reaction / Poliuretanas s?o pol?meros de grande versatilidade, podendo ser usadas na forma de p?s, adesivos ou elast?meros. Por este motivo, as poliuretanas s?o amplamente pesquisadas e utilizadas nas ind?strias. Paralelamente ? busca por novas poliuretanas, ? importante o controle cin?tico durante sua obten??o, principalmente se estas s?o obtidas via polimeriza??o em massa. O trabalho desta tese aborda este problema, especificamente no caso da obten??o de poliuretanas derivadas do ?leo de mamona e diisocianato de isoforona. Para isto, primeiramente o ?leo de mamona foi caracterizado atrav?s dos seguintes m?todos anal?ticos: ?ndice de iodo, ?ndice de saponifica??o, ?ndice de refra??o, ?ndice de hidroxila, teor de umidade e espectroscopia de absor??o na regi?o do infravermelho (FTIR). Como segundo passo, os corpos de prova dessas poliuretanas foram obtidos atrav?s de polimeriza??o em massa e submetidos a ensaios de inchamento com diferentes solventes. A partir destes ensaios o par?metro de Hildebrand foi determinado para este material. Finalmente, a polimeriza??o em massa desse material foi executada em equipamento de calorimetria explorat?ria diferencial (DSC) a diferentes taxas de aquecimento sob duas condi??es: sem catalisador e com o catalisador, dibutil-dilaurato de estanho (DBTDL). As curvas de DSC foram ajustadas a modelos cin?ticos, usando o m?todo isoconversional, caracterizando o car?ter autocatal?tico da forma??o de poliuretanas

Considerações ambientais têm aumentado a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de sistemas poliméricos aquosos para diversos tipos de aplicações, principalmente como revestimentos. Nesta dissertação, foram sintetizadas formulações não-poluentes à base de poliuretanos dispersos em água (PUDs), com 40% de teor de sólidos, na ausência de solventes orgânicos. Os monômeros empregados foram copolímeros em bloco à base de poli(glicol etilênico) e poli(glicol propilênico) (EG-b-PG), com teor de 25% de segmento hidrofílico EG, poli (glicol propilênico) (PPG), ácido dimetilolpropiônico (DMPA), diisocianato de isoforona (IPDI) e hidrazina (HYD), como extensor de cadeia. Foram variadas as razões entre o número de equivalente-grama de grupamentos isocianato e hidroxila (NCO/OH) e a proporção em equivalente-grama de PPG e dos copolímeros em bloco (EG-b-PG). Foi observado que a incorporação de altas quantidades de copolímero dificultou a síntese dos poliuretanos dispersos em água, levando à formação de géis. O tamanho médio de partícula e a viscosidade das dispersões foram determinados. Os filmes vazados a partir dessas dispersões foram avaliados quanto à capacidade de absorção de água, resistência mecânica, termogravimetria (TG), e caracterizados por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR). As dispersões poliuretânicas produzidas se mostraram satisfatórias quando aplicadas como revestimento para madeira, metais e vidro / Environmental considerations are increasing the research and development of waterborne polymeric systems for many different applications, particularly as coatings. In this dissertation, non-polluting formulations based on waterborne polyurethanes (WPU), with 40% solids content, were synthesized in the absence of organic solvents. The monomers (polyols) employed were block copolymers of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol (EG-b-PG), with 25% of EG hydrophilic segments, poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hydrazine (HYD), as chain extender. The ratio between the number of equivalent-grams of isocyanate and hydroxyl groups (NCO/OH) and the ratio between the equivalent-grams of PPG and (EG-b-PG) were varied. It was observed that the incorporation of high quantities of the copolymer resulted in gels instead of dispersions. The average particle size and the viscosity of the resins were determined. Thermal and mechanical resistances and water absorption of cast films produced from the dispersions were evaluated. The chemical structure of the chains was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The waterborne polyurethanes showed to be suitable as coatings for wood, metals and glass

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste trabalho foram sintetizados nanocompósitos à base de poliuretanos em dispersão aquosa (NWPUs) e argilas hidrofílicas do tipo montimorilonita (MMT) de natureza sódica e cálcica. Os monômeros empregados na síntese foram: poli(glicol propilênico) (PPG); copolímero em bloco à base de poli(glicol etilênico) e poli(glicol propilênico) (EG-b-PG), com teor de 7% de EG; ácido dimetilolpropiônico (DMPA) e diisocianato de isoforona (IPDI). Os NWPUs tiveram as argilas, previamente deslaminadas em água e incorporadas à formulação no momento da dispersão do prepolímero. Dispersões aquosas (WPUs), sem a presença de argila, foram sintetizadas como base, nas quais foram variadas a razão NCO/OH e a proporção de copolímero em relação ao PPG. Nas formulações NWPUs, foram variados também o teor de argila em relação à massa de prepolímero e o tipo de argila sódica e cálcica. As dispersões foram avaliadas, quanto ao teor de sólidos totais, tamanho médio de partícula e viscosidade. Os filmes vazados a partir das dispersões foram caracterizados por espectrometria na região do infravermelho (FTIR), difração de raios-x (XRD) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM). A resistência térmica dos filmes foi determinada por termogravimetria (TG) e a resistência mecânica dos filmes foi avaliada por ensaios mecânicos em dinamômetro. O grau de absorção de água dos filmes também foi determinado. A formação de nanocompósitos à base de água foi confirmada pela ausência do pico de XRD, característico das argilas empregadas na maioria dos filmes analisados. As micrografias obtidas por SEM confirmam uma dispersão homogênea das argilas na matriz poliuretânica. Os filmes à base de nanocompósitos (NWPUs) apresentaram propriedades superiores às apresentadas por aqueles obtidos a partir das dispersões sem argilas (WPUs). Os revestimentos formados a partir da aplicação das dispersões aderiram à maioria dos substratos testados (metal, vidro, madeira e papel) formando superfícies homogêneas / In this work nanocomposites (NWPUs) based on waterborne polyurethanes and hydrophilic montimorillonite clays (MMT) were synthesized. Polypropyleneglycol (PPG), poly(ethylene glycol-b-propylene glycol) (EG-b-PG) containing 7% of ethylene glycol (EG), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were employed in polyurethane synthesis. The NWPUs were prepared with calys previously exfoliated in water, and were added at the moment of dispersion. Different formulations were obtained from WPUs, without clays, by varying the NCO/OH ratio, and the proportions of PPG and EG-b-PG. For NWPUs formation was varied the content of clays with different cations (Na+ and Ca+2). The properties of the dispersions were evaluated in terms of their solid content, particle size and viscosity. The cast films obtained were characterized by infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal stability of the films was evaluated by thermogravimetry (TG) and mechanical properties in a dynamometry. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy examinations were determined confirming the nanocomposite formation. NWPUs films showed improved properties in comparison with WPUs Coatings obtained by the application of the dispersions in substrates as wood, metals, paper and glass were homogeneous and showed good adherence

Dans un contexte de développement durable, de nouvelles architectures macromoléculaires biosourcées et aromatiques ont été synthétisées à partir de deux types de ressources renouvelables : des tanins, issus du bois, et des glycérides, issus de végétaux ou de microalgues, afin de développer des matériaux pour des applications dans le bâtiment. Dans un premier temps, la réaction d’alkoxylation a été étudiée sur les tanins. Des chaînes de polyéther glycol (propylène et butylène) ont été greffées sur des tanins issus de différentes espèces botaniques aboutissant à l’obtention de divers macropolyols. A partir de ces macropolyols, des polyuréthanes (PUs) ont été synthétisés en modulant les paramètres réactionnels dans le but de contrôler les propriétés finales des matériaux pour répondre à des cahiers des charges. Des membranes d’étanchéité en PUs et des mousses rigides uréthane-isocyanurates d’isolation ont été élaborées. Enfin de l’huile algale ainsi que de l’huile de colza (comme référence) ont été modifiées en époxydes et polyols. Ces nouveaux synthons ont ensuite été incorporés dans la formulation de mousses uréthane-isocyanurates en vue d’étudier l’impact du type et du nombre de fonctions réactives sur les propriétés finales de mousses rigides à cellules fermées. Ces études ont permis d’analyser l’effet de l’addition de nouveaux synthons biosourcés et renouvelables dans des architectures et matériaux polymères. Le grand potentiel des tanins et des glycérides algosourcés pour l’élaboration de nouveaux matériaux performants pour des applications en particulier dans le domaine du bâtiment, a pu être largement démontré. / In a context of sustainable development, new biobased and aromatic macromolecular architectures were synthesized from two types of renewable resources: tannins, extracted from wood, and glycerides derived from plant or from microalgae to develop innovative materials for building applications. Firstly, the alkoxylation reaction was performed on tannins. Polyether glycol (propylene or butylene) chains were grafted on tannins extracted from different botanical sources species, resulting in various macropolyols with various controlled macromolecular architectures. Based on these macropolyols, polyurethanes were synthesized by varying the reaction parameters to control the final properties of materials to fit specific requirements. PU proofing membranes and rigid urethane-isocyanurate foams for insulation were elaborated. Finally, algal oil and rapeseed oil (as reference) were modified in epoxides and polyols. These new building blocks were incorporated in the structure of urethane-isocyanurates foams to study the impact of the type and the number of reactive functions on the final properties of rigid foams.New renewable bio-based building blocks were developed and integrated in the final macromolecular architectures and materials. The great potential of tannins and glycerides from microalgae for developing high-performance materials, for building applications, especially waterproofing membranes and insulation foams has been clearly established.