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Yes / This chapter examines the five and a half years in office of Dilma Rousseff, Brazil’s first woman president. Her two terms in office, the second of which was truncated by her impeachment, coincided with the end of a two-decade cycle of post-transition democratic governance dominated politically by two parties (the PSDB and PT) and their presidents (Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Luiz Inácio ‘Lula’ da Silva). Her presidencies saw the decay of a political consensus in the liberal centre ground, and a fragmentation of the party system that stressed Brazil’s form of coalitional presidentialism to breaking point. The capture of the nation’s legislature by new socially conservative forces that were both responding to, and attempting to reshape, Brazil’s political culture, began to threaten some of the progress on gender equality achieved in since the transition in the mid-1980s. The chapter explores the role that gender politics and discourses played in this political environment, her election, her government and her controversial impeachment in 2016.

The topic of this diploma thesis is direct elections of the President of Slovak Republic in context of other Central European countries - particularly Czech Republic and Poland. The subject of my analysis were selected aspects of presidential election, which I analyzed in the third chapter (in case of Slovakia), dedicated to direct elections of Slovak president in 1999, 2004 and 2009; and in the fourth chapter, which is dedicated to last direct election. Among analyzed aspects (in case of Slovak presidential election) a trend of declining interest in the first round of elections was confirmed; also sooner claiming of candidacy, compared with previous elections. The latter fact is connected with longer and longer pre-election campaign, which is also more and more personal and offensive. The ratio of partisan and non-partisan candidates was in all elections about the same (approx. 3:2 in favor of partisan candidates). In the fifth chapter of the thesis I analyzed these aspects in case of direct presidential elections in Poland and Czech Republic. Then, I compared them. According to analysis, women in Poland almost were not standing for president at all (there were even fewer women candidates than in Slovakia), but in Poland we can see much higher number of very prominent candidates (especially former...

The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of candidate gender on voting behavior in presidential elections in the United States. By delving into the vice presidential nominations of Geraldine Ferraro in 1984, and Sarah Palin in 2008, I provided the baseline for the experiences of Carly Fiorina and Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaigns in 2016. Ultimately, I present the argument that the United States is ready for a female president, either this year or in the near future.

In this dissertation, I develop and empirically test a comparison of the private versus public strategies presidents use to gain support and passage of their policy agendas. By focusing on presidential influence on policy outcomes in Congress, I can determine which form of presidential leadership - going public or using private bargaining or both - may prove most effective in shaping policies to suit the administration's political interests, given the context in Congress. This allows for an assessment of Neustadt's (1990) classic private bargaining presidency and Kernell's (1997) public presidency to show that both may be compatible and may even work in combination in order for presidents to pass their policy agendas under varying political circumstances in Congress.Original data is collected from Statements of Administration Policy to examine private presidential rhetoric, and additional data is collected from the yearly editions of Congressional Quarterly Almanac to assess the effects of public presidential rhetoric. I test my hypotheses with this new collection of data using logistic regressions, as well as complimentary case studies of No Child Left Behind, immigration reform, and the Andean Trade Preference Act. The broader implications of this study include: systematic assessments of presidential influence on Congress; indentifying a broader view of presidential leadership to better fit empirical observations; and incorporating inter-branch influences in Congressional behavior.

Baseball fans discuss and remember the heroics of Major League Baseball players and managers. However, team executives operate away from the crowds, in the front office to draft, trade for, and sign talented players and managers to construct successful teams. The intent of this thesis is to first rank and analyze these general managers and presidents of baseball operations through finance and baseball statistics. Then, I will examine team statistics to determine what statistics correlate to winning. Two of the general managers, Theo Epstein and Dan O’Dowd, will then be examined more thoroughly to determine how their decisions impacted their respective teams. Ultimately, this paper will conclude with an assertion that the strategic actions of upper level executives in Major League Baseball directly positively and negatively impact the performance of their teams.

In this thesis, I seek to undermine the enduring myth that Richard Nixon lost the 1960 televised presidential debates because of John F. Kennedy’s superior looks and overall glamour. Although I do concede that Nixon lost the debates overall, I argue that Nixon gave his best performance in the third debate. Using Nixon’s third debate strategy as a victory paradigm, I show how Nixon could have bested Kennedy in the other debates.

The present work deals with the institutes of a pardon and amnesty and their utilization in the Czech Republic. It focuses on the current domestic legislation and its application by the particular decisions of the presidents of the republic. The author points out the advantages and disadvantages of the current legal regulation. The aim of the work is to provide a summary of the issues and to suggest eventual alterations of the current legislation. The work is, apart from the introduction and the conclusion, composed of five chapters. The first one introduces into the subject of the work and characterises the institute of a pardon and amnesty and their three forms, i.e. a pardon and a mitigation of penalties imposed by the court, a suspension of criminal proceedings and a deletion of a sentence. The second chapter deals with the regulation of the institutes. First, it presents history of this regulation and afterwards it analyses current legal regulations contained in the Constitution of the Czech Republic and others laws. The third chapter concerns just the institutes of a pardon. It focuses primarily on the presidential orders delegating a part of his power to Minister of Justice and also on the proceeding of a grand pardon. At the end of the chapter, there is the utilization rate of the pardon institute...

- anglický jazyk In my thesis I deal with presidential decrees in constitutional and international context. It consists of 5 parts. There are preconditions for the emergence of decrees in the first part. This international-legal recognition of the Czechoslovak government in exile, the theory of legal and political continuity of Czechoslovakia, uninterrupted presidency of dr.Beneš and the withdrawal of the Munich Agreement. The second part talks about the concept of issuing decrees. In the third part is the most important content of constitutional decrees. The fourth section deals specifically about formal-legal, material-legal and political continuity. In the last part I deal with today's issue of the validity of the decrees and decrees of the Czech Republic by accession to the European Union. Government in exile was recognized by Great Britain in 1940. It was very important because it could arise decrees. It arranged the constitutional decree Nr. 2/1940 official bulletin of Czechoslovakia, which established the emergence of decrees. Decrees of the President of the Republic published a proposal to the government. The State Council worked on decrees since 1942, received as an advisory vote. This decree suspended formal-legal continuity. The situation changed even Slovak National Council, because...

The Constitutional Institute of Pardon and Amnesty The diploma thesis called The Constitutional Institute of Pardon and Amnesty is dealing with highly relevant issues often discussed at the political scene of the Czech Republic. It reflects the current debate on whether the institutes should remain in the legal system of the Czech Republic. The main thesis was chosen accordingly - on the contrary to arguments pleading for removing the institutes. The diploma thesis explains the main terms and theoretical divisions, as well as various forms of the institutes of pardon and amnesty. One of the chapters is devoted to the meaning of the institutes which may play a significant role when considering legitimacy of pardons and amnesties. Current domestic legislation regarding the institutes is described with regard to consequences of international law. The process of presidential pardon granting is elaborated in detail. Critical moments of the process are emphasised and different approaches of the three presidents of the Czech Republic are compared. The chapter concerning amnesty is constructed similarly. Critical moments of the institutes of pardon and amnesty are discussed thoroughly. The focus is aimed to problems such as responsibility, overusing or misusing of the institutes or clash with the...