Utilizing information technology (IT) to enable new organizational capabilities to achieve near-term objectives and long-term sustainability is a top priority for many business leaders seeking to maintain or increase market share. However, organizational leaders face significant challenges to their strategy execution because the percentage of challenged IT projects has remained relatively static for decades. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore risk management strategies used by 7 purposely selected IT project managers (PMs) from a pharmaceutical company located in the northeastern United States who have effectively managed IT project performance by using risk management strategies, leading to the successful delivery of an IT project. The conceptual framework that guided the research was actor-network theory. The data collection included semistructured interviews and the collection of internal organizational risk registers and other project risk management documentation. An inductive content analysis followed the procedures outlined in Malterud's systematic text condensation strategy, yielding the following major strategies to increase IT project performance: performing knowledge management, promoting a positive risk culture, utilizing an existing risk management framework, and performing risk-related communication. The implications for positive social change include the potential to help IT PMs deliver the expected business value on time and within budget, which, in turn, may enable pharmaceutical companies to improve the quality of life of afflicted individuals and populations in need of safe, economical, and innovative therapies.

Identificar o maior número possível de riscos nos projetos, priorizá-los e quantificar seus impactos, são os processos centrais para o um bom gerenciamento dos riscos nos projetos. A execução destes processos permite determinar o nível de confiança que existe para se atingir os objetivos do projeto. Sendo assim o resultado deste trabalho foi apresentar uma sistemática visando medir o nível de confiança nas várias decisões que são tomadas durante a vida do projeto e também uma sistemática abrangente de identificação, análise qualitativa (priorização) e análise quantitativa dos riscos. Como principal ferramenta nestas sistemáticas utilizou-se a Simulação de Monte-Carlo para determinar o nível de confiança nas decisões tomadas. Estas sistemáticas foram testadas em várias empresas dos setores de Informática, Petroquímica e Bens de Capital, sendo que alguns destes modelos foram utilizados para demonstrar sua aplicação. Um dos resultados importantes obtidos foi a determinação do valor do fundo de contingência para os projetos de bens de capital que estão sujeitos à auditoria do IPA-Independent Project Analysis. / To identify the largest possible number of risks in the projects, to prioritize and quantify their impact on project\'s objectives, play a key processes for a risk management success. The execution of these processes will allow to measure the confidence level to reach the project´s objectives. As a result of this work was developed a systematic to measure the confidence level of decisions that are taken during project life-cycle and also developed a systematic including identification, qualitative analysis (ranking) and quantitative analysis of the risks. The main tool for these systematic is Monte-Carlo\'s Simulation to determine the confidence level in the decisions takings. These systematic were tested in several companies in the sectors of Computer Science, Petroleum and Capital\'s Asset whose models were used to demonstrate its application. One of the important results obtained with these systematic was the determination of the contingency fund to the projects that are audited by IPA-Independent Project Analysis.

Date: 12-June-2008 Authors: Muhammad Saeed – 760721 Västerås – Sweden Mehmood Ziauddin – 830730 Västerås – Sweden Title: A Structured Approach for Evaluating Risk Impacts in IT Projects Introduction: Risk is an integral part of any project and it’s more appropriate to say for IT because it is changing with a very fast pace. Different surveys, reports and researches show astonishing statistics about the risks in IT projects. Through proper risk assessment techniques most of the uncertainties can be reduced while initiating, implementing and improving IT projects. Different authors talk about different risks and different strategies to respond to them. It becomes difficult at times to keep in check all the risks. Often risk management is over hyped, and often it’s totally neglected. Their needs to be a balanced approached in risk management. Problem: How a structured approach will be beneficial for an organization in assessing risk impacts on IT Projects? Purpose: The aim of this report is to develop and analyze a structured approach which will permit an organization in identifying & categorizing risks and measuring their impact on IT Projects. Method: Exploratory research approach is used and data collection is done using secondary sources. Our thesis is qualitative research based. Qualitative research is the one which is not relying on statistical data as compared to quantitative research. Besides our text books and study material, the main source of information was internet databases and university library from where we read different articles, thesis and books. Majority of the material studied was collected from Mälardalen University Library’s online databases like, Elin@Mälardalen, Compendex, Emerald and Ebrary. We also consulted some books which we got by inter-library loan from Mälardalen University. Conclusion: With the help of Remenyi’s approach for categorizing risks and Applegate’s approach of measuring risk impact, we have managed to develop a structured approach and reached a conclusion that proper identification and categorizing of risks can be very beneficial for an organization in numerous ways. This systematic way assists top management, project managers, IT & non IT Personnel is taking preemptive measures for managing risks. The benefits it brings is that it gives an equal understanding within the organization and this structured approach gives an in-depth and clear understanding of the risks associated with IT projects.

This master’s thesis is focused on the use of project management in the construction of production hall. The theoretical part deals with methodics of project management that was applied for the project pre-study to be drawn up. The output of this paper is a set of concepts for the individual parts of the project plan describing the process and managing activities involved in the project.

Risk management is quite a broad and essential part of project management in construction projects. Often, risk management focuses on perceived risks that can easily be predicted and managed. However, little attention is given to novel risks or risks that are not possible to predict and are unforeseen. Construction projects face these risks repeatedly, and decisions made when they occur are filled with so many discrepancies. The covid-19 virus is an example of a novel virus that no one perceived, which surprised the construction industry. This master thesis explores how organisations in the construction industry in Zimbabwe managed risk related to covid-19 in construction projects and what impact the pandemic had on current risk management practices. This study is an exploratory case study, and semi-structured interviews were utilised to collect data and answer the research questions. The study's findings highlight the major risks related to covid-19 that were faced in construction projects, the particular actions related to risk management that were taken to manage the risk and the impact of covid-19 on risk management frameworks for construction projects in Zimbabwe. Risks posed by the coronavirus to construction projects in Zimbabwe included operational risks, financial risks, productivity risks, supply chain risks, production delay risks and coronavirus infection risks. Mandatory guidelines and ISO procedures mainly influenced the actions taken to manage coronavirus related risks. Measures included introducing extra health safety measures on construction sites such as regular testing and screening and social distancing. Lastly, the impact on construction project risk management frameworks included changes to adapt to the new way of operating with covid-19. These changes include the increase in the budget allocation for novel risks and increased integration of technology in risk management. A small section of the study briefly discusses the Swedish context to capture insights into how the Swedish construction industry was affected by the covid-19 pandemic. Since Sweden did not go into lock down, it was interesting to reflect on how they were affected, and the actions taken to manage covid-19 related risks in that context. / Riskhantering är en ganska bred och väsentlig del av projektledning i byggprojekt. Ofta fokuserar riskhanteringen på upplevda risker som lätt kan förutsägas och hanteras. Men lite uppmärksamhet ägnas unika risker eller risker som inte är möjliga att förutse och är oförutsedda. Byggprojekt möter dessa risker upprepade gånger, och beslut som fattas när de inträffar är fyllda med så många avvikelser. Covid-19-viruset är ett exempel på ett unikt virus som ingen uppfattade, vilket överraskade byggindustrin. Denna masteruppsats undersöker hur organisationer inom byggindustrin i Zimbabwe hanterade risker relaterade till covid-19 i byggprojekt och vilken inverkan pandemin hade på nuvarande riskhanteringsmetoder. Denna studie är en utforskande fallstudie och semistrukturerade intervjuer användes för att samla in data och svara på forskningsfrågorna. Studiens resultat belyser de stora riskerna relaterade till covid-19 som stod inför i byggprojekt, de särskilda åtgärderna relaterade till riskhantering som vidtogs för att hantera risken och effekten av covid-19 på riskhanteringsramverk för byggprojekt i Zimbabwe. Risker som coronaviruset utgör för byggprojekt i Zimbabwe inkluderar operationella risker, finansiella risker, produktivitetrisker, risker kopplade till försörjningskedjan, produktionsföreningrisker och risk för coronavirusinfektion. Obligatoriska riktlinjer och ISO-procedurer påverkade huvudsakligen de åtgärder som vidtogs för att hantera risker relaterade till coronaviruset. Åtgärder omfattade att införa extra hälsosäkerhetsåtgärder på byggarbetsplatser som regelbundna tester och screening och social distansering. Slutligen, effekten på ramverk för riskhantering av byggprojekt inkluderade förändringar för att anpassa sig till det nya sättet att arbeta med covid-19. Dessa förändringar inkluderar ökningen av budgetanslaget för unika risker och ökad integrering av teknik i riskhanteringen. En liten del av studien diskuterar kort den svenska kontexten för att fånga insikter om hur den svenska byggindustrin påverkades av covid-19-pandemin. Eftersom Sverige inte gick in i lockdown var det intressant att reflektera över hur de påverkades och vilka åtgärder som vidtagits för att hantera covid-19 relaterade risker i det sammanhanget.

Распространение в бизнес-среде проектной формы организации деятельности обуславливает необходимость оценки уникальных рисков конкретных проектов с целью нивелирования финансовых потерь от реализации возможных проектных рисков, соблюдения сроков и бюджета проектов и, следовательно, развития компаний и экономики страны. Целью магистерской диссертации является развитие теоретических положений, разработка методических и практических рекомендаций по оценке рисков проекта с учётом особенностей процессов проектного управления в организации. В работе рассматривается теоретические и прикладные аспекты специфики проектных рисков и особенности их оценки. В качестве источников использовалась учебно-методическая и научно-исследовательская литература, результаты эмпирических исследований автора и данные корпоративной статистики. В рамках исследования разработана и апробирована методика оценки проектных рисков для организаций, осуществляющих проектное управление, предполагающая перенос этапов идентификации и анализа рисков в зону ответственности функциональных дисциплин проекта, а также классификацию рисков по двум уникальным критериям: по ключевым направлениям реализации проекта и по уровню управления, отличающаяся непрерывностью процесса оценки на протяжении всех этапов проекта с применением предложенного показателя совокупного экономического эффекта выявленных рисков, что позволяет выявить максимально полный перечень возможных рисков и определить их стоимостную оценку и влияние на показатели эффективности проекта. Результаты расчетов, проведенных в ходе апробации разработанной методики, позволяют говорить о существенном сокращении финансовых потерь и предотвращении снижения показателей эффективности проекта. / The development of project management in the business necessitates the assessment of the unique risks of specific projects. This is necessary for leveling financial losses from the implementation of possible project risks, meeting the deadlines and budget of projects and, consequently, the development of companies and the country's economy. The purpose of the dissertation research is to develop theoretical provisions, methodological and practical recommendations for assessing project risks for organizations that use project management. The paper considers theoretical and applied aspects of the project risks specific and its assessment. Educational and research literature, corporate statistics data as well as self-conducted empiric research were used as basis for the study. The methodical approach for assessing project risks for companies, that use project management is developed and tested as part of a dissertation research. The methodical approach involves the transfer of the stages of risk identification and analysis to the project's functional disciplines. In addition, it involves the classification of risks according to two unique criteria: by key areas of project implementation and by the level of management. The methodological approach is distinguished by the continuity of the assessment process throughout all stages of the project using the proposed indicator of the aggregate economic effect of the identified risks, which makes it possible to identify the most complete list of possible risks and determine their cost estimate and impact on project performance indicators. The results of calculations for approbation of the developed methodology allow us to speak of a significant reduction in financial losses and prevention of a decrease in project performance indicators.

This master´s thesis focuses on the design and realization of a property development project. This work describes the steps from the preliminary plan to the sale of an individual construction plot for construction. The primary objective of this master´s thesis is the evaluation of project efficiency.

IBM Rational Unified Process is a robust iterative software development methodology. The main goal of master´s thesis is to describe the aspects of this methodology and to analyze and design a fictional information system within the scope of "inception" and "elaboration" phase.