Purpose: The construction sector accounts for a large part of the global greenhouse gasemissions and it is therefore a significant part of the 2030’s environmental goals.Swedens green building council works with environmental certification for buildingswhich in turn contribute to reduced emissions. The aim of the study is to develop amethod that will facilitate the fulfilment of requirements in Miljöbyggnad for both solarheat load and daylight which have consequences for working environment. Method: Interview applies with the purpose of increasing understanding of the use oftechniques in the construction industry. While literature study builds basicunderstanding of the subject of parametric design. On the other hand, a case study ispresented to further complement the knowledge of the potential of the parametricmodelling program and to put it in context. Findings: Parametric modelling contributes to a sustainability thinking when designingbuildings at an early stage and reduces working hours. Early in the process, analysescan be performed that generates useful data for the entire process. However, a basicidea and awareness is required of the formability of the geometry. It is possible tooptimize a parametric model to meet the requirements from Miljöbygggnad already inthe design process. Solutions from the optimization are the results from a selection andare only a helping tool for decision making. Implications: The parametric method is only used to a small extent in the constructionindustry due to a lack of knowledge regarding its benefits, especially among customers.The demand from the customer thus does not reach the designers. There is a lot to begained from parametric modelling and it is important that the development in theconstruction industry keeps pace with the technical development in a faster way than atpresent. Limitations: The scope of the study is limited and therefore not possible to make toocomplex analyses in the applied software. Only a few aspects have been included in thecase study. Keywords: Parametric design, parametric modelling, Environmental building,algorithm and optimization.

Project designing in the building construction industry has developed a lot during recent years and the result is that not only 2D documents are made, but also 3D models are created to facilitate the project. A problem most players are facing daily is when conditions and information in a project change and design engineers must make necessary changes to their models. These changes can be time-consuming, and the designers may need to do these changes more than once during the project. Could a parametric 3D model make these changes faster than a CAD model when conditions and information on a project change? One of the developers that frequently needs to make changes to its models is WSP geotechnical department. The desire is to find a new working method that increases the efficiency of project design of tunnels. The aim of this thesis was to try parametric modeling as a working method and to see if this method could be used to create ground tunnels. A script has been made in Grasshopper, a visual programming plug-in that generates a parametric model of a tunnel. The parametric model was then compared with an existing CAD model created by the WSP geotechnical department in an earlier project. Pros and cons have been presented and conclusions have been made about if parametric modelling could be more efficient than current working methods. The results of this thesis indicate that parametric modelling is an efficient working method and that it could be used as a working method for future ground tunnel projects. / Projekteringen i byggbranschen har utvecklats mycket de senaste åren och resultatet har blivit att förutom 2D-handlingar, projekteras även 3D-modeller för att underlätta projekteringsarbetet.Ett vardagligt problem som de flesta aktörer står inför är när fler förutsättningar och information i projekt ändras och projektörer tvingas göra ändringar i sina modeller. Dessa ändringar kan vara tidskrävande och behöva göras fler än en gång under projektet. Kan en tredimensionell modell som modellerats parametriskt göra ändringar snabbare när förutsättningar i ett projekt ändras än en CAD modell?En av dessa aktörer som ständigt behöver göra ändringar i sina modeller i efterhand är WSP:s bergteknikavdelning. Önskvärt vore att hitta en ny arbetsmetod som kan effektivisera projekteringen av bergtunnlar.Detta examensarbete syftar till att undersöka om parametrisk modellering kan användas som arbetsmetod för projektering av bergtunnlar. Ett script har skapats i Grasshopper, ett visuellt programmeringstillägg som genererar en parametrisk modell av en tunnel. Den parametriskt skapade modellen har sedan jämförts med en befintlig CAD-modell som skapats av WSP:s bergtekniksavdelning i ett tidigare projekt.Fördelar och nackdelar har lyfts fram och slutsatser har dragits om huruvida parametrisk modellering kan vara mer effektiv än nuvarande arbetsmetoder.Resultaten av detta examensarbete pekar mot att parametrisk modellering är en effektiv arbetsmetod och skulle kunna användas för framtida tunnelprojekt.

Due to the rapid development of technology, the AEC industry in Sweden havebeen struggling to string along it. The demand from authorities to use BIM in theindustry are increasing and the respond from companies are minimal. The buildingprocess uses to be spanned over several phases and the early design phase is wherefocus is lied on mostly in this thesis. Here can several actors as architects, engineersetc. be involved. Lack of communication and lack of coordination between the partshave an important impact on the outcome and therefore BIM was developed. In theearly designing phase, the project takes it shape and approximated calculations andanalysis have to made. Usually the results from the early design phase dier from theanalytical analysis that are made later and the costs of projects increases. However,many new tools have come along the way with that development which makes itpossible to make energy optimization an even more ecient practice. Therefore, thisthesis has been chosen to investigate the dierent energy possibilities and outcomesduring the early design stage, in the aspect of daylight and energy simulations. Asimple test building was constructed in Stockholm, Sweden. The building is formedin a way that allows various material parameters to be altered in order to study theimpacts of the annual energy distribution. This thesis will shed more light on why itis important to develop the methods of energy simulations in the early design phase,and it's done by using the latest state of the art tools. A newly developed VPL toolnamed Dynamo together with the design tool Autodesk Revit and Green BuildingStudio is used in the simulation process. A script will be coded in the Dynamotool that will determine and allow the parameter variations of the building model inRevit. A comparison of 4 dierent case studies is graphically presented at the end.Even though the result was quite expected, the aim of this thesis was rather to serveas an example of how the tools of Dynamo and Revit can successfully coop-orate.

Pålgrundläggning är en vanlig metod vid grundläggning där sämre markförhållanden råder. För broaroch andra anläggningskonstruktioner måste stora laster tas i beaktande, både horisontella ochvertikala. Att dimensionera för detta kan vara en tidskrävande process som kräver många upprepadeberäkningar för att hitta en fungerande pålkonfiguration.Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur man med hjälp av ett avancerat analysprogramtillsammans med parametrisk modellering kan effektivisera processen för beräkning av pålgrupper.Studien avser undersöka hur man kan uppnå detta syfte med hjälp av Sofistik, ett FEM-program, isamverkan med Rhinoceros och Grasshopper, program för CAD och visuell programmering. Måletmed studien är att ta fram en effektiv metod där man med hjälp av ett skript med ändringsbaraparametrar kan skapa en mer automatiserad och flexibel process för modellering och beräkning avpålgrupper. Med metoden ska man kunna skapa och beräkna pålkonfigurationer under varierandeförutsättningar, med ett resultat som står sig väl mot mer etablerade metoder.Studien har visat att metoden är användbar för syftet att modellera och beräkna pålgrupper. Arbetet harresulterat i ett skript där användaren kan definiera ingående parametrar om material, geometri ochlaster, och genom skriptet både skapa en tredimensionell modell av en pålgrupp och sedan analyseradenna i analysprogrammet. Processen sker till stor del automatiskt och är flexibel på så sätt attparametrarna kan ändras och direkt uppdatera modellen och utföra en ny beräkning.Metoden har visat sig ge jämförbara resultat med ett etablerat beräkningsprogram för pålar, CAERymdpålgrupp, under förutsättning att en förenklad beräkning görs där bottenplattan ges oändligstyvhet. / Piling is a common method of foundation where poorer soil conditions prevail. For bridges and otherplant structures, large loads must be considered, both horizontal and vertical. Dimensioning for thiscan be a time-consuming process that requires many repeated calculations to find a working pileconfiguration.The purpose of this study is to investigate how, with the help of an advanced analysis programtogether with parametric modelling, the process for calculating pile groups can be streamlined. Thestudy aims to investigate how this goal can be achieved with the help of Sofistik, a FEM program, incollaboration with Rhinoceros and Grasshopper, programs for CAD and visual programming. The aimof the study is to develop an efficient method where, with the help of a script with adjustable values, amore automated and flexible process for modeling and calculating pile groups can be created.The study has shown that the method is useful for the purpose of modeling and calculating pile groups.The work has resulted in a script where the user can define parameters about material, geometry andloads, and through the script create a 3D model of a pile group and analyze this in the analysisprogram. The process is largely automatic and is flexible in such a way that the parameters can bechanged and directly update the model to perform a new calculation.The method has been shown to give comparable results with an established calculation program forpiles, CAE Rymdpålgrupp, provided that a simplified calculation is made where the foundation slab isgiven infinite stiffness.