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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Einfluss der vertikalen Ganzkörpervibration in Kombination mit Strontiumranelat und Parathormon auf das osteoporotische Rattenfemur. / Influence of vertical whole-body vibration in combination with strontium ranelate and parathyroid hormone on the osteoporotic rat femur.

Eimer, Christine 24 March 2015 (has links)
Die Osteoporose ist charakterisiert durch einen progressiven Verlust an Knochengewebe und ist eine der häufigsten Komplikationen des Alters. Schätzungen zufolge sind weltweit etwa 200 Millionen Menschen an Osteoporose erkrankt, dies führte auch zur Aufnahme der Osteoporose in die WHO-Liste der 10 wichtigsten Volkskrankheiten. In einer Studie aus dem Jahr 2007 wurden die jährlichen Kosten für die Folgen dieser Erkrankung in Deutschland mit 5,4 Milliarden Euro beziffert. Osteoporose bedeutet vermehrter Knochenabbau. Ursachen sind u.a. postmenopausaler Estrogenmangel, der wiederum dazu führt, dass sich die Lebenszeit der für die Knochenresorption zuständigen Osteoklasten verlängert, während die Lebenszeit der knochenproduzierenden Osteoblasten verkürzt wird. Außerdem sind die verringerten mechanischen Reize am Knochen durch fehlende körperliche Bewegung und ein endemischer Vitamin-D-Mangel, unter dem ein Großteil der Weltbevölkerung leidet, als ursächlich für das Auftreten von Osteoporose zu nennen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, herauszufinden, ob eine vertikale Ganzkörpervibrationstherapie in Kombination mit einer Gabe von Strontiumranelat oder Parathormon zu einer verbesserten Knochenstruktur im osteoporotischen Rattenfemur führt. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Femora der Ratten nach Ganzkörpervibration und/oder medikamentöser Therapie mit Strontiumranelat oder Parathormon untersucht. Nach der Tötung der Ratten wird die biomechanische Stabilität des Femur einem biomechanischen Kompressionstest unterzogen. Anschließend wird der jeweilige prozentuale Gehalt von Kalzium, Phosphat und Strontiumranelat im Knochen gemessen, um den Einfluss der Vibration in Kombination mit Strontiumranelat oder PTH auf diese Parameter zu erfassen. Abschließend erfolgt die mikroradiographische Untersuchung der Knochen, um die Veränderungen der Knochenstruktur im Bereich der Kortikalis und im trabekulären Netzwerk zu erfassen. Den Ergebnissen zufolge konnte nur durch die Gabe von Parathormon eine signifikante Verbesserung der Knochenstruktur erreicht werden, die die Bruchfestigkeit der osteoporotischen Knochen signifikant erhöhte. Strontiumranelat führte in diesem Experiment zu keiner Verbesserung der Knochenqualität. Letztlich sind weitere Studien erforderlich, um effektive Dosen und Therapiezeiträume zu ermitteln. Der Vergleich der Wirksamkeit zwischen Parathormon und Strontiumranelat zeigte, dass Parathormon schneller zu Therapieerfolgen führt als eine alleinige Therapie mit Strontiumranelat. Durch die Ganzkörpervibration konnten Verbesserungen der Knochenstruktur detektiert werden. Die Kombination aus medikamentöser Therapie mit Ganzkörpervibration zeigte keine signifikanten Therapieerfolge im Vergleich zur alleinigen Therapie mit Parathormon.
72

Einfluss von Parathormon auf die Frakturheilung der proximalen metaphysären Tibia im Rattentiermodell / Influence of parathyroid hormone on fracture healing at the proximal metaphyseal tibia of the rat

August, Florian 22 August 2012 (has links)
No description available.
73

FGF23 - a possible Phosphatonin

Marsell, Richard January 2008 (has links)
Human physiology is dependent on an accurate phosphate (Pi) homeostasis. Defective Pi regulation causes hyper- or hypophosphatemia, which are associated with ectopic calcification or impaired bone mineralization, and a shortened life span. Current endocrine models of Pi homeostasis are incomplete. However, studies of acquired and hereditary disorders of Pi homeostasis have revealed new potential Pi regulating hormones, Phosphatonin(s). One of these is fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23). FGF23 is produced in bone and is secreted into the circulation. Mutations in FGF23 causes disturbed Pi regulation, without the appropriate counter-regulatory actions of parathyroid hormone or vitamin D. By the generation of FGF23 transgenic mice, which display phenotypic similarities to patients with hypophosphatemic disorders, we show that FGF23 exerts endocrine actions in the kidney and causes osteomalacia. Renal FGF23 actions severely decrease Pi reabsorption and expression of Klotho, a suggested age suppressor gene, known to be crucial in FGF23 receptor binding and activation. In bone, our transgenic model displays impaired osteoclast polarization, which should be detrimental to osteoclastic bone resorption in osteomalacia. However, in our model osteoclasts efficiently participate in bone matrix degradation. Furthermore, we investigated a large population-based cohort in order to elucidate the role of FGF23 in normal physiology. Importantly, we were able to demonstrate an association of FGF23 to parathyroid hormone, renal function and bone mineral density and we found a correlation of FGF23 to weight and body fat mass. The studies on which this thesis is based, demonstrate that FGF23 has phosphatonin-like properties and that the skeleton functions as an endocrine organ. In addition, the results indicate that FGF23 has a role in bone mineral and lipid metabolism, and that FGF23 is a possible diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for the future.
74

Development of an immunoassay panel to predict aseptic implant loosening

Ramchandra Desai, Suchita January 2018 (has links)
During our lifetime, our bones constantly go through remodelling to maintain the skeletal system. This is done by osteoblasts that deposit new bone tissue, osteoclasts that remove the bone matrix and mechanosensing osteocytes. In case of bone implants, increased resorption by osteoclasts due to inflammation (inflammatory osteolysis) leads to aseptic implant loosening. This study focuses on how to detect these inflammatory resorbing cells at an early stage and prevent their activity with appropriate medication. To achieve this, we differentiated classical monocytes into macrophage-like cells, osteoclasts(OCs) and foreign body giant cells (FBGC) and their secretome was studied to identify specific biomarkers. Previously, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) was studied as an important biomarker for OCs and macrophages. An ELISA to separate and quantitate the two TRAP isoforms was used to distinguish the resorbing OCs from inflammatory FBGCs on the basis of the isoform ratio. This assay gave high levels of 5b isoform for osteoclastic stimulation and high 5a levels for the inflammatory stimulation. Also, different aminothiazole inhibitors were tested which were shown to be efficient drugs in inhibiting inflammatory osteolysis by reducing osteoclast formation and resorption in sub-micromolar concentration. Further to apply this study to patient samples, an immunoassay panel can be developed which will help detect TRAP and multiple biomarkers like CTX specific to aseptic loosening simultaneously. This will help in early, efficient and accurate diagnosis of inflammatory osteolytic bone loss and provide us with an accurate diagnosis and sufficient time for appropriate treatment.
75

Avaliação da concentração sérica de paratormônio intacto em gatos com doença renal crônica / Intact serum parathyroid hormone evaluation in cats with chronic kidney disease

Luciano Henrique Giovaninni 30 September 2010 (has links)
A doença renal crônica (DRC) evolui de forma progressiva e o hiperparatiroidismo secundário renal (HPTSR) é uma das importantes alterações que causa a perda adicional de néfrons e o comprometimento de varios sistemas; o paratormônio (PTH) é considerado como uma importante toxina urêmica. A avaliação do PTH sérico em felinos com DRC pode trazer informações para o melhor entendimento da fisiopatologia do HPTSR, suscitando possíveis medidas terapêuticas. Observou-se que gatos com DRC (n=40) apresentaram aumento significante (p < 0,05) da concentração sérica de paratormônio intacto (PTHi) quando comparados a gatos clinicamente normais (n=21; grupo controle). Quanto a avaliação do PTHi nos subgrupos de DRC (ESTÁGIOS II, III e IV de evolução da afecção, classificados segundo o International Renal Interest Society IRIS), constatou-se diferença significante entre os gatos dos ESTÁGIOS III e IV com os gatos clinicamente normais; em relação ao ESTÁGIO II, apesar de não ter sido observada diferença significante, a maioria dos gatos apresentou aumento da concentração sérica de PTHi (> 60,2 pg/mL). Em relação aos valores das concentrações séricas de fósforo e de cálcio iônico, detectou-se a tendência de concentrações séricas progressivamente maiores de fósforo (hiperfosfatemia) nos estágios mais avançados da doença (frequências de 16,7%, 27,3% e 100% nos ESTÁGIOS II, III e IV, respectivamente); inversamente, as concentrações séricas de cálcio iônico foram progressivamente menores (respectivamente, frequência de hipocalcemia de 8,3%, 9,1% e 66,7%). Constatou-se diferença significante quanto as concentração de bicarbonato plasmático entre os gatos clinicamente normais e os gatos com DRC (acidose metabólica em 42,5% dos casos), como também entre os gatos clinicamente normais e os animais dos subgrupos DRC ESTÁGIOS II e III (bicarbonato plasmático < 16,8 mmol/L observado em 40,9% e 33,3%, respectivamente). Não foram detectadas diferenças significantes quanto as concentrações séricas de cálcio total ou de pH sanguíneo nas comparações múltiplas. Em relação aos valores da multiplicação entre as concentrações séricas de cálcio total e de fósforo, a análise estatística demonstrou resultados similares àqueles da análise das concentrações séricas de fósforo. Sugere-se que o estímulo para o aumento da concentração sérica de PTHi, e o consequente HPTSR, observado nos gatos com DRC no estágio IV, tenha decorrido da hipocalcemia iônica e da hiperfosfatemia apresentadas por estes animais, ativando a regulação pela paratireóide. Quanto aos gatos nos estágios II e III da DRC, outros fatores, além da hipocalcemia e da hiperfosfatemia, devem estar envolvidos no aumento da síntese de PTHi, sugerindo-se a necessidade de investigação, por exemplo, das concentrações séricas de calcitriol; ainda no subgrupo ESTÁGIO II, a hipercalcemia iônica observada em 50% dos gatos sugere a possibilidade do envolvimento da acidose metabólica, que poderia comprometer a fração ionizada do cálcio. A correlação positiva observada entre o fósforo e o PTHi sugere a possibilidade de avaliação indireta de HPTSR pela determinação do fósforo sérico; entretanto nos gatos nos estágios II e III da DRC, esta avaliação indireta não se mostrou adequada, pois observou-se concomitantemente normofosfatemia e aumento do PTHi, indicando-se a necessidade da determinação do PTHi para avaliação do HPTSR nesses estágios da DRC em gatos. / Chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops gradually, causing several changes and renal secondary hyperparathyroidism (RSHPTH) is one of those alterations, which, besides causing loss of additional nephrons, increases the morbidity and mortality due to the action of parathyroid hormone (PTH) as an important uremic toxin. Evaluation of serum PTH in cats with CKD may add information for the better understanding of RSHPTH pathophysiology, arising possible therapeutic procedures. Cats with CKD (n = 40) showed significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) as compared with clinically normal cats (n = 21, control group). In subgroups of CKD (STAGES II, III and IV of CKD, classified as recommended by International Renal Interest Society - IRIS), significant difference was observed between clinically normal cats and cats with CKD in STAGES III and IV; in reference to the STAGE II, although no significant difference was observed, most of these cats showed an increase in serum iPTH (> 60.2 pg / mL). In relation to values of phosphorus and ionized calcium serum concentrations, a trend of progressively higher serum concentrations of phosphorus (hyperphosphatemia) was detected in the late stages of the disease (16.7%, 27.3% and 100% in STAGES II, III and IV, respectively), in opposite, serum concentrations of ionized calcium progressively decreased (respectively, ionized hypocalcemia, 8.3%, 9.1% and 66.7%). Plasma bicarbonate concentrations were significant different between clinically normal cats and cats with CKD (metabolic acidosis observed in 42.5% of the cases), and between clinically normal cats and cats with CKD STAGES II and III (plasma bicarbonate < 16.8 mmol/L observed in 40.9% and 33.3% of the cases, respectively). No significant differences were detected for serum concentrations of total calcium and blood pH, in multiple comparisons analysis. In relation to the values of serum concentrations of calcium and phosphorus product, the results were similar to those obtained from phosphorus serum concentrations evaluation. The results suggested that the stimulus for the increase in serum iPTH, and follow development of RSHPTH, observed in cats with CKD STAGE IV, was in consequence of ionized hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, enabling the regulation by the parathyroid. However, for the cats in STAGES II and III of CKD, other factors, beyond hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, may be involved to cause the increase of iPTH synthesis, and calcitriol serum concentrations must be investigated; in cats with DRC STAGE II, 50% of the cases presented ionized hypercalcemia, suggesting the influence of metabolic acidosis in ionized calcium fraction. The correlation observed between serum phosphorus and iPTH may suggest the possibility of indirect evaluation of RSHPTH by means of phosphorus serum concentration; however in cats with DRC, STAGES II and III, this indirect assessment may not be adequate as normal serum levels of phosphorus as well as increased serum iPTH were observed in those cats, indicating the need for the determination of serum iPTH to evaluate RSHPTH.
76

Influência da remodelação óssea na transferência de cálcio e fósforo durante hemodiálise em pacientes com doença renal crônica / Influence of the bone remodeling in the calcium and phosphorus transfer during hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease

Cristina Karohl 13 December 2010 (has links)
A cinética e os fatores determinantes da transferência do cálcio e do fósforo durante a hemodiálise foram pouco avaliados e não são completamente compreendidos até os dias de hoje, apesar de associarem-se ao desenvolvimento e progressão da doença óssea renal, à calcificação vascular e à maior mortalidade. Tanto a transferência de cálcio e a remoção de fósforo durante a diálise afetam o equilíbrio do metabolismo mineral. Este estudo tem por hipótese que o metabolismo mineral e ósseo poderia, por sua vez, afetar a cinética de ambos os íons durante a diálise. No entanto, remodelação óssea não é usualmente considerada quando modelos cinéticos são aplicados para cálcular o balanço do cálcio e do fósforo. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a cinética do cálcio e do fósforo durante a hemodiálise e o papel da remodelação óssea nessa transferência. MÉTODO: Vinte e três pacientes (idade = 43,2 ± 17 anos) com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise no Hospital das Clínicas da USP foram submetidos a 4 sessões de hemodiálise com cada uma das seguintes concentrações de cálcio no dialisato (Cad): 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 e 3,5 mEq/L. Amostras de sangue e de dialisato foram coletadas a cada 30 minutos para calcular a transferência de cálcio e fósforo e avaliar os fatores determinantes desta transferência. RESULTADOS: O balanço de cálcio foi extremamente variável em todas as Cad. A transferência de cálcio foi de 578±389, 468±563, +46±400 e +405±413 mg nas Cad de 2,0, 2,5, 3,0 e 3,5 mEq/L, respectivamente (2,0 e 2,5 vs 3,0 e 3,5 mEq/L, P<0.001; 3,0 vs 3,5 mEq/L, P<0.05). Análise de regressão multivariada mostrou que a transferência de cálcio foi dependente do gradiente de cálcio entre o sangue e o dialisato, da albumina, do PTH e da osteocalcina. A média do balanço de cálcio foi de -332±235mg para o grupo de pacientes com PTH > 300 pg/ml, e de -8±200mg no grupo com PTH 300pg/ml (P<0,005). A média de remoção de fósforo foi de 1073 ± 351,8 mg. Cad não afetou a remoção de fósforo. O balanço de fósforo foi dependente da concentração de fósforo pré hemodiálise, dos níveis de PTH, do cálcio iônico e do Kt/V. O grupo de pacientes com níveis de PTH > 300 pg/ml apresentaram remoção significativamente maior de fósforo do que o grupo com PTH 300pg/ml (1328 ± 176,7 vs. 877 ± 184,3; P<0,0001). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a remodelação óssea influencia a transferência de cálcio e a remoção de fósforo durante a hemodiálise. A remodelação óssea deveria ser considerada nos futuros modelos de cálculo da cinética do balanço do cálcio e do fósforo, assim como na escolha da Cad mais apropriada para cada paciente em tratamento hemodialítico / Few studies have evaluated the calcium and phosphorus kinetics and their determinants during hemodialysis, although both ions are associated with renal bone disease, vascular calcification and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, both calcium transfer and phosphorus removal during dialysis can affect mineral metabolism. This study hypothesizes that bone and mineral metabolism may influence the calcium and phosphorus transfer during hemodialysis. However, when dialysate calcium concentration (d[Ca]) is chosen or kinetic models are employed to calculate calcium and phosphorus balance, bone remodeling is rarely considered. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate calcium and phosphorus kinetics and whether bone remodeling affects calcium and phosphorus mass transfer during hemodialysis. METHODS: Twenty three patients (mean age = 43.2 ± 17 years) with CKD in hemodialysis at the Hospital das Clínicas of USP were studied. Each patient was dialyzed using a dialysate calcium concentration (d[Ca]) of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 or 3.5 mEq/L. Blood and dialysate samples were collected at each 30 minutes. Calcium and phosphorus mass transfer were measured and associated with remodeling bone factors. RESULTS: Calcium balance varied widely depending on the d[Ca]. Calcium removal was 578±389, 468±563, +46±400 and +405±413mg when a d[Ca] of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 or 3.5mEq/L was used, respectively; (2.0 and 2.5 vs. 3.0 and 3.5 mEq/L; P < 0.01; 3.0 vs. 3.5mEq/L, P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that calcium gradient between blood and dialysate, PTH and osteocalcin were determinants of calcium transfer. Mean calcium transfer was - 332±235mg in the group of patients with PTH levels > 300pg/mL whereas it was - 8±200mg in the group of patients with PTH levels 300pg/mL (P<0,005). Mean phosphorus removal was 1073 ± 351.8mg, and it removal was not affected by d[Ca]. Serum phosphorus level, PTH levels, ionized calcium and Kt/V were determinant factors to phosphorus removal. The group of patients with PTH > 300pg/ml showed higher phosphorus removal than the group with PTH 300pg/mL (1328 ± 176.7 vs. 877 ± 184.3; P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that bone remodeling affects calcium and phosphorus mass transfer during hemodialysis. The bone remodeling should be considered in further kinetic models of calcium and phosphorus, as well as it should be considered when choosing the better d[Ca] for each patient
77

Impacto do uso dos quelantes do fósforo, acetato de cálcio e hidrocloreto de sevelamer, sobre os níveis séricos de paratormônio e FGF-23 de pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica / Impact of the use of phosphate binders, calcium acetate or sevelamer hydrochloride, on serum parathormone and FGF-23 levels of chronic kidney disease patients

Rodrigo Bueno de Oliveira 05 August 2010 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O paratormônio (PTH) e o fator de crescimento de fibroblastos 23 (FGF-23) aumentam precocemente durante o curso da doença renal crônica (DRC) antes do desenvolvimento de hiperfosfatemia. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos de dois quelantes de fósforo, acetato de cálcio (Ca) e hidrocloreto de sevelamer (SEV), nos níveis de PTH e FGF-23 de pacientes com DRC. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e dois pacientes com DRC estágios III e IV foram randomizados em 2 grupos para receber durante 6 semanas, Ca ou Sev. Após este período os pacientes foram seguidos por mais 2 semanas (washout). Analisamos os efeitos destes quelantes sobre os parâmetros do metabolismo ósseo e mineral. RESULTADOS: No início do estudo, os pacientes apresentaram-se com fração de excreção do fósforo, PTH e FGF-23 séricos elevados. Durante o tratamento com quelantes de fósforo houve um declínio progressivo nos níveis de PTH e fósforo urinário, mas sem mudanças nos níveis séricos de cálcio e fósforo. Ocorreu uma mudança significativa nos níveis de FGF-23 no grupo de pacientes tratados com Sev. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo confirmou os efeitos positivos da prescrição de quelantes de fósforo no controle do PTH, nos estágios III e IV da DRC. Estudos prospectivos e de longo seguimento são necessários para confirmar os efeitos do Sev sobre os níveis de FGF-23 e os benefícios de sua redução sobre parâmetros como mortalidade / INTRODUCTION: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF-23) levels increase early in CKD before the occurrence of hyperphosphatemia. This study evaluated the effect of two phosphate binders, calcium carbonate or sevelamer hydrocloride, on PTH and FGF-23 levels in patients with CKD. METHODS: Forty two patients were randomized in two groups to receive calcium acetate or sevelamer hydrochloride, over a 6-wk period. After that, the patients were followed by more two weeks and effects of phosphate binders on mineral parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: At baseline, patients presented with elevated fractional excretion of phosphate, serum PTH and FGF-23 During treatment with both phosphate binders, there was a progressive decline in serum PTH and urinary phosphate, but no change in serum calcium or serum phosphate. Significant changes were observed for FGF-23 only in sevelamer-treated patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the positive effects of early prescription of phosphate binders on PTH control. Prospective and long-term studies are necessary to confirm the effects of sevelamer hydrocloride on serum FGF-23 and the benefits of this decrease on outcomes
78

Relação entre as concentrações séricas da vitamina D, polimorfismos do gene do VDR e síndrome metabólica em adultos e idosos / Relationship between serum concentrations of vitamin D, VDR gene polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome in adults individuals

Natielen Jacques Schuch 13 December 2011 (has links)
Introdução - O receptor de vitamina D (VDR) é expresso em vários tecidos e quando este se encontra na sua forma ativada, modula a expressão de diversos genes. Esses incluem variações dos níveis circulantes de 1,25(OH) 2 D , variações na densidade mineral óssea, secreção e sensibilidade à insulina em resposta à glicose, suscetibilidade à diabetes tipo 1 e 2, obesidade, dislipidemias e hipertensão arterial. Atualmente, evidências têm sugerido o envolvimento da vitamina D com a síndrome metabólica. Objetivo - Investigar a concentração sérica da vitamina D e sua relação com a síndrome metabólica e avaliar a potencial associação entre estes fatores com a presença de polimorfismos no gene do receptor de vitamina D (VDR) em indivíduos adultos. Métodos - Trata-se de um estudo transversal, onde foram avaliados 372 indivíduos adultos. Foram coletadas amostras sanguíneas para dosagens laboratoriais da 25(OH)D 3 , PTH e exames bioquímicos relacionados à SM, além disso foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas (peso, altura, IMC). A síndrome metabólica (SM) foi classificada usando o critério proposto pelo National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). A resistência a insulina foi estimada pelo cálculo de HOMA IR e a função da célula pelo cálculo de HOMA . A 25(OH)D foi dosada por HPLC e a insuficiência foi determinada pelo ponto de corte da curva Roc (52,6nmol/l). Foram avaliados também PTH intacto e cálcio sérico. Os polimorfismos BsmI e FokI foram detectados através da digestão das enzimas de restrições específicas para cada polimorfismo e confirmados através da técnica PCR alelo específico (ASPCR) ou amplificação de mutação refratária (ARMs) nos indivíduos com e sem SM (52 por cento vs. 48 por cento , respectivamente). A análise estatística inclui construção da curva ROC, teste T de Student, testes de correlação, teste de equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg, ANOVA, regressão logística binária (Odds Ratio). Estas análises foram conduzidas no software SPSS para Windows, versão 18 e p < 0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados - A idade média dos participantes foi 51(15) anos, o IMC médio 29(6) kg/m 3 2 e 48 por cento apresentaram SM. Como esperado, os 3 indivíduos com SM apresentaram maiores valores de idade 57(12) anos, IMC 32(6) Kg/m , circunferência de cintura 103(13) cm, pressão sistólica 138(17) mmHg e diastólica 83(10) mmHg, glicemia de jejum 98(12) mg/dl, triglicérides 165(76) mg/dl, índices HOMA-IR 2.2(1.7) e 116(95), e menores valores de colesterol HDL colesterol 41(11) mg/dl. Com relação às concentrações séricas de 25(OH)D propostas pela análise da curva ROC, 43 por cento dos indivíduos com SM e 57 por cento dos indivíduos sem SM apresentam insuficiência desta vitamina. Correlações entre 25(OH)D 3 3 com PTH (r = -0.153; p = 0.005) e com circunferência da cintura (r = -0.106; p = 0.05) foram observada em todos os participantes. Considerando os polimorfismos do gene VDR, nos pacientes com SM, não houve associação entre o polimorfismo BsmI e os componentes da SM, HOMA e IR, 25(OH)D e PTH. No entanto, indivíduos sem SM, mas com homozigose para polimorfismo BsmI (genótipo recessivo bb ), apresentaram concentrações mais baixas de 25(OH)D 3 3 do que aqueles com o genótipo BB normal. Além disso, os indivíduos com SM e heterozigose para o polimorfismo FokI (genótipo Ff) têm maiores concentrações de PTH e HOMA do que aqueles com genótipo normal FF. Nesse mesmo grupo, os indivíduos com o genótipo recessivo ff têm maior resistência à insulina do que aqueles com genótipo Ff. Por outro lado, os pacientes sem SM, mas carregando o genótipo Ff, apresentaram maiores concentrações de triglicerídeos e baixos níveis de HDL do que aqueles com genótipo FF. A presença de um alelo f no genótipo (Ff ou ff) é, aparentemente, o suficiente para aumentar os níveis de triglicérides e resistência à insulina, quando comparados ao genótipo normal FF. Conclusão - Os resultados demonstram que o polimorfismo FokI no gene VDR associa-se a resistência à insulina e maiores concentrações de PTH em pacientes que apresentam SM. Além disso, o polimorfismo BsmI associa-se a menores concentrações de 25(OH)D em indivíduos sem SM. Portanto, esses novos dados indicam que polimorfismos no gene do VDR estão associados a diferentes fenótipos dos componentes da SM / Introduction - The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in many tissues and when it is in its activated form modulates the expression of several genes. These include changes in circulating levels of 1,25(OH)2D3, variations in bone mineral density, sensitivity and secretion of insulin in response to glucose, susceptibility to type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Currently, evidences have suggested the involvement of vitamin D with the metabolic syndrome. Objective - To investigate the serum concentrations of vitamin D and its relationship with metabolic syndrome (MS) and to evaluate the potential association between these factors with the presence of polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor gene in individuals adults. Methods - This is a cross-sectional study, which evaluated 243 adults and elderly. We collected blood samples for measurements of 25(OH)D3, iPTH, biochemical tests related to MS, and anthropometric evaluation (weight, height, BMI) were also assessed. MS was classified using the criteria proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Insulin resistance and cell secretion were estimated by calculating HOMA IR and HOMA , respectively. The 25(OH)D3 was measured by HPLC and insufficiency was determined by the Roc curve cut-off (52.6 nmol/L). Intact PTH and serum calcium were also evaluated. The BsmI and FokI polymorphisms were detected by enzymatic digestion with specific enzymes and confirmed by allele specific PCR (ASPCR) or amplification of refractory mutation (ARM) in individuals with or without MS (52 per cent vs. 48 per cent , respectively). Statistical analyses include construction of Roc curves, Student T test, correlation tests, Hardy-Weinberg test, ANOVA, binary logistic regression (odds ratio), and TwoStep Cluster. These analyses were conducted with SPSS for Windows, version 18 and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results - The mean age of participants was 51(15) years, mean BMI was 29(6) kg/m2, and 48 per cent of individuals presented MS. As expected, subjects with MS showed higher values of age (57(12) years), BMI was 32(6) kg/m2, waist circumference was 103(13) cm, systolic blood pressure was 138(17) mmHg, diastolic was 83(10) mmHg, fasting glucose was 98(12) mg/dl, triglycerides was 165(76) mg/dl, HOMA-IR was 2.2(1.7), HOMA was 116(95), and lower levels of HDL cholesterol was observed (41 mg/dl(11)). With respect to serum 25(OH)D3 proposed by ROC curve analysis, 43 per cent of individuals with MS and 57 per cent of individuals without MS presented insufficiency of this vitamin. Correlations between 25(OH)D3, iPTH (r = -0,153, p = 0.005), and waist circumference (r = -0,106, p = 0.05) were observed in all participants. Considering the VDR gene polymorphisms, in patients with MetSyn, there is no association among BsmI polymorphism and components of MetSyn, HOMA IR and , 25(OH)D3, and PTH. However, subjects without MetSyn, but with homozygosis for BsmI polymorphism (recessive bb genotype), presented lower levels of 25(OH)D3 than those with normal BB genotype. In addition, individuals with MetSyn and heterozygosis for FokI polymorphism (Ff genotype) have higher concentrations of PTH and HOMA than those with normal FF genotype. In this same group, subjects with the recessive ff genotype have higher insulin resistance than those with Ff genotype. On the other hand, patients without MetSyn, but carrying the Ff genotype, have higher concentration of triglycerides and lower levels of HDL than those with FF genotype. Interestingly, the presence of one allele f in the (Ff or ff) genotype is apparently enough to increase triglycerides levels and insulin resistance, when compared to the normal FF genotype. Conclusion - The results show that FokI polymorphism in the VDR gene is associated to insulin resistance and higher concentrations of PTH in patients with MetSyn. Moreover, BsmI polymorphism is related to a lower concentration of 25(OH)D3 in individuals without MetSyn. Therefore, the results indicated that VDR gene polymorphisms are associated to different phenotypes of MetSyn components
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Modulation of the intestinal vitamin D receptor and calcium ATPase activity by essential fatty acid supplementation

Leonard, Franciska 04 January 2007 (has links)
Please read the abstract in the front section of this document / Dissertation (MSc (Physiology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Physiology / unrestricted
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Einfluss der vertikalen Ganzkörpervibration mit 70 Hertz und Kurzzeiteffekte von Parathormon und Strontiumranelat auf die Muskulatur der ovarektomierten Ratte / The impact of vertical whole-body vibration of 70 Hertz and short-term effect of parathyroid hormone and strontium ranelate on skeletal muscle in ovariectomized rats

Stüber, Hannah 16 July 2019 (has links)
No description available.

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