Parenting is thought to play an important role in the development and maintenance of children's behaviour difficulties. Research involving the assessment of parent-child interactions has contributed greatly to the current understanding in this area. The present study sought to assess the concurrent validity of a popular self-report measure of parental discipline style, by examining the relationship between parents' reports of these aspects of their parenting behaviour and objective observations of the same behaviour. This represents one of only a few investigations of this kind in relation to parenting behaviour. Parents of children who experienced significant behavioural difficulties completed questionnaires about their parenting style, depression, sense of competence in their parenting and their children's behaviour problems. These parents were also observed in interactions with their children at home. An observational coding system was developed for the study. Analysis of the observational system indicated that it was both reliable and valid. However, there was no relationship between observed and parent-reported discipline styles. Comparisons between parent-reported discipline style and other questionnaire factors led to mixed results. Taken together, these results suggested that the self-report measure of parenting style did not have good concurrent validity, and this finding contrasted with those reported by the questionnaire's developers. These results were interpreted with reference to the design of the questionnaire, respondent-related factors, deficits in parental monitoring skills, and biases in response to the questionnaire. These results have implications for therapeutic intervention and for future research involving parental self-report measures of discipline, and these are discussed.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Parenting practices are known to influence the development of children and family functioning. However, the extent to which these generational influences stretch, and the continuities brought forth between generations has not been adequately studied. Therefore, this study aimed to explore intergenerational parenting in Genadendal for the purpose of developing guidelines for parents and practitioners. The concept of parenting was extensively unpacked to understand the intergenerational transmitted parenting factors being transferred from one generation to the next, in order to examine the parenting styles, parenting practices, parenting traits, and how these are transmitted over generations.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters in Community Work in the Department of Social Work at the University Of Zululand, South Africa, 2017 / Parents of a child with a disability cope with greater demands than those living with a healthy child. The purpose of this qualitative study was to provide insights into the experiences of parents of children with disabilities. The research was located in the phenomenological framework. Seven parents who are residing within uThungulu District municipality and whose children were diagnosed with disability participated in the study. They were selected though purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted with them to gain in-depth insights into their experiences. Content analysis was used to analyse data gathered through in-depth interviews and five themes emerged i.e. parents’ realisation of the child disability, reaction towards the realisation of the child’s disability, the essence of parenting a child with a disability, parents’ social support and the needs identified by parents. Findings of the study indicated that parents do not alter their parenting. On the contrary, they modify it to accommodate the children with disability. Secondly, it transpired in the study that several challenges are faced by parents in raising their children with disability. These challenges include, among others, lack of financial resources, finding a suitable school for their children with disability, care giving challenges, lack of suitable housing and transport allocated for children with disability. It also transpired that there are support structures within their communities despite there being no programs to support them.

Submitted in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts (Community Work) at the University of Zululand (South Africa) in the Department of Social Work, 2009. / This study is about the challenges experienced by grandparents in raising their grandchildren in Utrecht in KwaZulu Natal The study was conducted describing the challenges experienced by grandparents in raising their grandchildren in Utrecht in KwaZulu Natal. As a descriptive research, for the purpose of this study, the sample frame consisted of 16 grandparents who were raising their grandchildren in Utrecht Related literature has been reviewed that focuses on the challenges experienced by grandparents in raising their grandchildren. The findings of the study revealed that there are several challenges that grandparents encounter in raising grandchildren. Recommendations such as that, workshops on skills training, income generation and food gardening projects should be provided for grandparents.

透過管教孩子，父母往往會將文化上的價值觀以不同的管教方法灌輸給下一代，當中亦包括如何成為人母(父)。故此，有不少研究亦假設這種代代相承的習慣會對個人的管教方法有著重要的影響。其中不少西方社會的研究均發現有關假設成立的確實証明，相對地，於中國文化社會的相關研究皆乏善可陳。至於缺乏中國文化社會有關研究的原因，很大程度上是由於中國及亞洲地區的群體在心理學文獻上一直被視為代表性不足，因此絶大部份的研究均會以西方社會作為收集數據的根本(Chang, Lansford, Schwartz, & Farver, 2004)。正因為缺乏中國文化社會相關研究，本研究的首要目的便是研究香港父母於管教方法上代代相承的情況並希望藉此填補相關研究上的空隙。 / 是次研究有三個目的：一，管教方法在香港華人社會是否會代代相承；二，驗證西方社會的相關研究結果是否同樣能於香港社會用以預測下一代的行為；最後，檢視這些代代相承的管教方法是否存在一個相應的機制並啟發往後的相關研究。 / 本研究共訪問了261對母親及其子女，受訪的母親（第二代）會被問及其管教的方法及其母親（第一代）的管教方法，而子女則會被問及其日常行為及個人情感。有關的數據會以路徑分析進行分析。 / 研究結果顯示，不論母親是什麼類型的管教方法均會直接影響其女兒的管教方法。母親放任型的管教方法與其子女的焦慮及外化行為問題有著負面關係，而與其子女對妁母親管教之認同及滿意度則有正面關係。再者，母親於孩童時代的愉快及滿足經歷亦會對其將來管教方法有影響。 / 總括以言，本研究再一次証明管教方法是會代代相承(Bailet et al., 2005, Belsky et al., 2005）。本研究亦發現，子女一般都會對權威型管教方法的母親缺乏認同感及滿意度從而導致他們不會採用同類班管教方式教導其下一代。但是，若子女對母親的管教方法感到愉快及滿意，這一群子女卻會受傳統華人對權威型管教方法的價值觀影響，採用權威型的管教方法教導自己的下一代。最後本研究列舉出三個代代相承管教方法研究方向，並就香港本土親子輔導提供臨床考慮的建議。 / Through parenting, parents transmit different cultural values to their children, including how one should behave when becoming a parent. Therefore, it was hypothesized that intergenerational transmission of parenting could be one strong factor that contributes to parenting styles. While empirical evidence has been found to support this hypothesis in the West, few studies have been done on the question in Chinese culture. The lack of intergenerational parenting studies in Chinese cultural contexts could possibly be due to the fact that Chinese and other Asian populations are underrepresented in the psychology literature (Chang, Lansford, Schwartz, & Farver, 2004). Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to fill this research gap in Chinese parenting studies to examine the intergenerational transmission of parenting in Hong Kong. / The purpose of this study was threefold: first, to examine whether parenting would be transmitted from one generation to the next in the Hong Kong Chinese culture; second, to replicate Western intergenerational studies on parenting that have claimed that parenting in one generation direct predicts that in the next generation, and subsequent predicts children’s behaviours and third, to examined the mechanism through which parenting is transmitted from one generation to the next so that further insights on the relationship of intergeneration parenting can be derived. / In this study, 261 mother-child dyads were recruited in this study through convenience sampling. All participants were asked to fill out the demographic information form and reported on their childhood experience. In addition, mothers were asked to report on their own parenting styles (G2) and their own mothers’ parenting styles (G1). Children were asked to self-report on their behaviour and emotional outcomes. Prior to the main analyses, preliminary analyses were conducted to provide descriptive details of the sample, and path analyses were used to examine the two major hypotheses of this study. / Results of this study showed that parenting styles are transmitted across generations from mothers to daughters in all parenting dimensions. Daughters’ parenting permissiveness was found to be negatively associated with their children’s anxiety and externalizing behaviour, and positively with their children’s agreement and satisfaction with their parenting strategies in this sample. Further, it mothers’ parenting was found to affect daughters’ agreement and satisfaction to their mothers’ parenting and their experience of happiness and fulfillment during childhood, which subsequently affected daughters’ parenting during motherhood. / The present study joins a growing body of evidence that supports the intergenerational transmission of parenting (Bailey et al., 2009; Belsky et al., 2005). Further, children had less agreement and satisfaction when mothers adopted parenting authoritarianism and consequently led to their less using of this same parenting strategy when being parent. When children felt happy and satisfied with their mothers’ parenting, they were more likely to be influenced by the Chinese traditional value on authoritarianism and adopt such parenting dimension with their own children. The present study also identified three directions for future intergenerational parenting studies and clinical considerations for counselling children and parents in Hong Kong. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Ho, Sin Wan Bianca. / Thesis (Ed.D) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-119). / Abstracts also in Chinese.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1985.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1985.

While there is a growing body of research to expand our theoretical and conceptual understanding of the multi-faceted construct mindfulness, the majority of studies have thus far focused on the efficacy of short-term mindfulness-based interventions to mitigate symptoms associated with myriad physiological and psychological conditions. Research investigating the relational effects of mindfulness within families is limited. This qualitative study examined eight long-term meditators' perceptions of how their mindfulness practice influenced their parenting behavior. Using thematic analysis, the central themes to emerge included (1) increased communication skills, (2) decreased emotional reactivity, (3) increased perspective-taking, and (4) greater self-understanding. Limitations of the study as well as future research and clinical implications are also discussed. / Master of Science

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published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Sciences