Os painéis compensados e aglomerados são produtos com aplicação difundida, principalmente, na indústria moveleira e no setor da construção civil. Na fabricação destes produtos, tradicionalmente, são usadas as resina a base de fenol-formaldeído e uréia-formaldeído. Porém, há uma constante busca por inovações que visem o aproveitamento dos recursos disponíveis no nosso País. Uma resina alternativa, a resina poliuretana a base de mamona, desenvolvida no Instituto de Química de São Carlos, da Universidade de São Paulo, é um polímero oriundo de recurso natural e renovável. Com base nisto, este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a utilização desta resina na manufatura de painéis compensados e aglomerados. Os compensados foram produzidos com lâminas da espécie Eucalyptus saligna e os aglomerados com uma composição de Eucalyptus gradis, Eucalyptus urophilla e Pinus elliottii. Ambos os painéis foram prensados a temperatura de 60&#176C e 90&#176C. Nos compensados foram analisadas duas gramaturas, 180 g/m2 e 200 g/m2. Nos aglomerados industrializados são acrescentadas às partículas de madeira, percentagem de emulsão de parafina, com o objetivo de melhorar suas propriedades higroscópicas. Sendo assim, neste estudo, foram analisados aglomerados manufaturados com e sem a adição de parafina. O desempenho dos painéis foi avaliado por meio de ensaios físico-mecânicos recomendados pela Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. Nos compensados, os ensaios de resistência da colagem ao esforço de cisalhamento, foram conduzidos segundo recomendações da European Standard. Os resultados apontam para a eficiência de ambos os painéis, quando comparados com valores de propriedades de painéis exigidos por documentos normativos, nacionais e internacionais, e valores encontrados na literatura, para painéis desta natureza. Os resultados mostraram que a resina poliuretana a base de mamona pode ser considerada uma alternativa promissora na manufatura de compensados e aglomerados. / Plywood and particleboard are products with spread application, mainly, in furniture industry and building site sector. Those products are produced traditionally with phenol-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins. However, there is a constant research for innovations which aim the use of available resources in our country. An alternative resin, the castor oil-based polyurethane resin, developed at the São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, is an environmentally friendly vegetal oil-based polymer, harmless to humans. This study involves the use of castor oil-based polyurethane resin to manufacture plywood and particleboard. Playwood panels were produced with Eucalyptus saligna veneers and particleboards with a composition of Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophilla and Pinus elliotiii particles. Both panels were pressed to 60&#176C and 90&#176C temperature. Playwood panels were analyzed in two glue around 180 g/m2 e 200 g/m2. Percent of paraffin emulsion is increased in wood particles in industrialized particleboards, to improve their hygroscopic properties. Thus, in that research, particleboards manufactured with and without paraffin addition were analyzed. Plywood and particleboard performances were evaluated based on the results of physical and mechanical tests recommended by the Brazilian code. The plywood\'s glue-shear strength tests were conducted according to European Standard in plywood. Results appear to the efficiency of both panels, when compared to demanded property values by national and international normative documents and values found in the literature, to those panels. The results showed that the castor oil-based polyurethane resin is promising glue for plywood and particleboard manufacture.

Worldwide there is an increasing demand of natural resources. In future, non renewable resources get substituted by renewable resources in the energetic sector as well as in the material sector. That implies a stronger usage of renewable resources especially - wood. In 2009 there was a usage of 77 million cubic meters of wood for material applications and a quantity of 55 million cubic meters for energetic applications in Germany alone. Furthermore, there is an increasing demand on wood for energetic purposes. In 2007 this problematic development led to the first supply bottlenecks. To meet the increasing demands of the future, Short Rotation Coppices (SRC) can help to improve the wood provision. An SRC is a planting of fast growing coppice on agricultural areas, which is managed more intensively than usual forestry practices for a quicker production of wooden biomass. With a comparative LCA of conventional wood and wood from SRC the present study evaluates if wood from SRC is reasonable to cover the increasing demand of wood for material and energetic purposes in an environmental friendly way. A comprehensive literature research regarding LCAs of wood and wooden products shows that there are no previous studies comparing the two types of wood. Hence, the present study examines a particleboard production as the material scenario and the combustion of woodchips in a firing system as the energetic scenario to compare the ecological advantages and disadvantages of wood from SRC and conventional wood. The LCA is implemented with the Gabi software designed by PE International. Data is obtained from previous LCA studies evaluating the production of wood, the particleboard production and the combustion of wood. Additionally, data from the Ecoinvent database is used. Functional units are the production of 1m3 particleboard and the production of 1 MJ of thermal energy. The LCIA is implemented with the “Ecoindicator” as endpoint- and “CML 2001” as midpoint approach to cover broad range of environmental issues. Moreover a sensitivity analyses shows the impact of decisive variables on the results of “Ecoindicator” and “CML 2001”. Results reveal that outcomes of the LCIA are dependent of the assessment method and the processed part of trees from conventional forestry. The present study shows, that with an efficient land use, wood from SRC can help to cover the increasing demand of wood for material and energetic purposes in a sustainable way. However, an immediate usage of wood for energetic purposes has to be seen critical. Instead, a cascaded and sustainable utilization of wood is recommendable to counteract climate change and to improve the efficient use of the renew-able resource - “wood”.

Les marcs de raisin issus de la viniculture constituent un gisement de ressource naturelle abondant, sous valorisé et riche en polyphénols. Une méthode d?extraction de ces tannins condensés a été développée et optimisée en vue d'une application en adhésif pour les produits dérivés du bois. Les tannins ont été caractérisés par Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire, spectroscopie Infra Rouge (FTIR), spectrométrie de masse (MALDI TOF) et Analyse Thermomécanique (TMA). Des panneaux de particules ont été fabriqués à l'aide des colles élaborées en laboratoire et testés suivant les normes françaises en vigueur, plusieurs dépassent largement les valeurs seuils / The extraction of condensed tannins from grape pomace was examined using water medium in the presence of different bases as catalyst (NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3 and Na2SO3). Two different extraction processes and the influence of 4 parameters (i.e., temperature, reaction time, chemical reagents and concentration of the chemical reagents) on the tannin extracts yields and properties were studied. The tannin fractions were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI-TOF ). It was demonstrated that it is possible to extract reactive tannins from grape pomace in basic medium. The tannin extracts obtained by precipitation in acidic conditions display a high phenolic content (Stiasny number higher 95%) but low water solubility and low reactivity toward formaldehyde because of the formation of catechinic acid phlobatannins during the acidification step. The tannins extracts obtained by lyophilization of the liquid, despite of their lower phenolic contents, displayed promising properties for adhesive applications. The optimum temperature of the extraction process was 100 °C, reaction time was 120 min; the best concentration of reagent was 10% (w/w). It was also shown that addition of sulphite ions during the extraction step improved the process :y the introduction of a sulfonic group through sulfitation increased both tannin solubility and reactivity as a result from the opening of the heterocyclic ring during extraction The structure of grape pomace sulfited tannin extracts did not present noticeable discrepancy exception of the ratio of the opening pyran ring which was different as a function of the catalyst used. The opening of pyran ring during the tannins extraction seem to be more important by using Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 than when using NaOH. The FT-IR bands assigned to aromatic ring vibration and carbonyl groups were stronger and no bands attributed to sulfited groups were tested detected in acidified tannins compared to lyophilized tannins. The TG2 results showed that the weight lost of these tannin extracts mainly composed of two steps. The first step starts from room temperature to 200 °C. It is attributed to the mass lost of water and some easy-degraded small low molecules. The secondly steps which is the mainly degradation step of tannin extract samples from 200 to 400 °C. The results from 13C-NMR showed that condensed tannin extracts from grape pomace were consistent with dominant procyanidin units with a minor amount of prodelphinidin units that are linked together by a C4-C8 bond. Relatively low carbonhydrate and high catechinc acid content was observed in acidified tannins compared to lyophilized tannins. It was shown by MADI-TOF experiments that grape pomace tannin extracts are mainly composed of flavoinoid oligomers up to 6 repeating units in lyophilized tannins and 10 repeating units in acidified tannins respectively, with dominant procyanidin units. A small proportion of substitution with glucose and gallic acid was detected in procyanidin units of polyflavonoid oligomers. The degree of polymerization of acidified tannins is higher than lyophilized tannins. Two different formulations (nonfortified tannin adhesive and fortified with addition of 20% of polymeric 4, 4'-diphenyl methane diisocyanate (p-MDI)) were used to press one layer wood particle board. It was shown that the nature of the extraction reagent (NaOH, Na2CO3 or NaHCO3) greatly impacts the properties of the resins and the mechanical properties of the panel internal bonding strengths. The particleboards bonded by the tannins extracted using Na2CO3 as catalyst give the best performance and were good enough to pass relevant international standard specifications for interior grade panels. Formaldehyde emission of these panels was below the European Norm requirements (<= 6.5 mg/ 100g panel)

Questões ligadas ao desempenho térmico e acústico de edificações têm sido cada vez mais abordadas, num cenário em que ganham importância a economia de energia e o controle do ruído. O advento dos materiais compósitos propiciou o emprego de resíduos de processos que, aliados a materiais de origem renovável, contribuem para a obtenção de produtos de reduzido impacto ambiental. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a produção e caracterização de painéis de partículas e espuma poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona, para destinação em composições termoacústicas. Os painéis de partículas foram produzidos utilizando-se resíduos de madeira de Pinus sp., tratado com CCB (preservante de cromo, cobre e boro - base óxido), borracha de pneus inservíveis e adesivo poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona. Foram adotadas variações na produção dos painéis, quanto aos fatores: proporção e configuração da borracha, espessura e pressão de prensagem; verificando sua influência no desempenho dos painéis. As propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis foram determinadas conforme a ABNT NBR 14810-3 (2006) e avaliadas segundo os principais requisitos de normas neste âmbito. Análises estatísticas (ANOVA) foram realizadas para verificação da influência dos fatores de produção, e de suas interações, nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis. Também foram avaliadas a morfologia e estabilidade térmica dos painéis e espumas. O isolamento térmico foi avaliado pela determinação experimental da condutividade térmica. A absorção sonora dos painéis e espumas, em diferentes montagens, foi determinada por medições em câmara reverberante, conforme ISO 354 (1985). Os resultados das propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis estiveram em grande parte condizentes com os documentos normativos. O teor de borracha e a sua interação com os demais fatores apresentaram influência estatística nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis. A morfologia dos painéis e espumas permitiu visualizar sua adequação aos produtos propostos, por meio da porosidade. Em relação ao isolamento térmico e absorção sonora, os painéis e espumas, bem como as composições formadas, apresentaram desempenho coerente com produtos e normas utilizados como referência. Sendo assim, verificou-se a viabilidade de produção e aplicação dos painéis e espuma poliuretana à base de mamona em composições destinadas ao conforto termoacústico. / Issues relating to thermal and acoustic performance of buildings have been increasingly addressed in a scenario where energy savings and noise control are essential. Advent of composite materials enabled the use of residues from production processes that, coupled with renewable source materials, contribute to obtain products with low environmental impact. So, this study aimed to the production and characterization of particleboards and castor-oil-based polyurethane foam, for thermo-acoustic compositions. Panels were produced with residues of Pinus sp., treated with CCB (chromium, copper and boron basic oxide preservative), tire rubber wastes and castor-oil-based polyurethane adhesive. Variations in the production parameters were adopted: proportion and configuration of tire rubber; panels thickness; and pressing pressure, to determine their influence on panel performance. Physical and mechanical properties of particleboards were determined based on ABNT NBR 14810-3 (2006) and evaluated according to the main requirements of standards in this area. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was performed to check the influence of production factors, and their interactions, in those properties. Morphology and thermal stability of foams and panels were also evaluated. Thermal insulation was evaluated by experimental values of thermal conductivity. Sound absorption of the panels and foams, in different assemblies, was determined by measurement in a reverberation room, according to ISO 354 (1985). Results of evaluated panel properties were consistent with the normative requirements. The tire rubber content and its interaction with other factors influenced in almost all physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards. Morphology of the foams and panels permitted confirming their suitability to the proposed product by the porosity. With respect to thermal insulation and sound absorption, panels and foams as well as the correspondent compositions showed performance consistent to the references. Therefore, it was demonstrated the production feasibility and applying of studied compositions intended for the thermo-acoustic comfort.

Temas relacionados ao desenvolvimento de novos materiais têm sido cada vez mais abordados e discutidos, num contexto em que questões como meio ambiente, sociedade, economia de energia e aproveitamento de resíduos, vêm se tornando relevantes. Neste cenário, faz-se necessário estudar aplicações de insumos alternativos na produção de pisos de madeira, tanto para reduzir o consumo de essências tropicais quanto para suprir o aumento da demanda de madeira nas indústrias deste segmento. O objetivo deste estudo foi produzir painéis de partículas homogêneos de alta densidade, com resíduos de madeira de Pinus elliottii e casca de aveia (Avena sativa), aderidos sob pressão com dois tipos de adesivo, poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona e melamina formaldeído, nos percentuais de 11 e 13%, e avaliar o desempenho físico-mecânico de tais painéis para aplicação em pisos. O desempenho físico-mecânico dos painéis (Planejamento I - 20 tratamentos) foi avaliado com base nas normas ABNT NBR 14810 (2006 e 2013). Realizou-se análise de variância (ANOVA) para testar a influência dos fatores individuais (percentual de casca de aveia, percentual de adesivo e tipo de adesivo), além das interações entre tais fatores (dois a dois e três a três) nas propriedades físico-mecânicas dos painéis. Também foi avaliado o desempenho para pisos, tanto dos painéis (Planejamento II - 12 tratamentos) quanto de três espécies de madeira tropical (Angelim Vermelho, Dinizia excelsa; Cumaru, Dipteryx odorata e Jatobá, Hymenaea sp.), segundo diversas normas relacionadas a pisos de madeira. Os resultados apontaram propriedades físico-mecânicas dos painéis, em alguns tratamentos superiores aos requisitos estipulados por normas nacionais e internacionais. Quanto ao desempenho para pisos, os painéis apresentaram desempenho semelhante as três espécies de madeira, na maioria das propriedades avaliadas. A análise de porosimetria por intrusão de mercúrio confirmou a similaridade entre os painéis (do Planejamento II) e as três espécies de madeira avaliadas, evidenciando a potencialidade dos painéis produzidos para aplicação na indústria de pisos engenheirados. / Matters related to the development of new materials have been increasingly addressed and discussed in a context where issues such as the environment, society, energy and waste recovery economy, is becoming relevant. In this scenario, it is necessary to study alternative inputs for applications in the production of wood floors, both to reduce the consumption of tropical essences as to meet the increasing demand for wood in industries in this segment. The aim this study was to produce high density homogeneous particleboard with waste wood of Pinus elliottii and oat hulls (Avena sativa), adhered under pressure with two types of adhesive, castor oil-based polyurethane and melamine formaldehyde, the percentage of 11 and 13%, and evaluate the physical and mechanical performance of such panels for use in floors. The physical-mechanical performance of the panels (Planning I - 20 treatments) was evaluated based on the NBR 14810 (2006 and 2013) standards. We conducted an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the influence of individual factors (oat hulls percentage, adhesive percentage and type of adhesive), and the interactions between these factors (two by two and three by three) on the physical properties-mechanical panels. It was also evaluated the performance for floors, both panels (Planning II - 12 treatments) as three species of tropical wood (Angelim Vermelho, Dinizia excelsa; Cumaru, Dipteryx odorata e Jatobá, Hymenaea sp.), according to various standards related to wood floors. The results indicated physical and mechanical properties of the panels, in some treatments superior to the requirements stipulated by national and international standards. As for performance flooring, panels statistically equivalent to the three species of wood, most of the evaluated properties. Porosimetry analysis by mercury intrusion confirmed the similarity between the panels (from Planning II) and the three wood species evaluated, demonstrating the potential of the panels produced for use in the flooring industry engineered.

Os painéis à base de madeira vêm sendo amplamente utilizados em todo o mundo, em resposta à redução de oferta de madeira maciça em diversos segmentos da indústria madeireira, como em móveis, painéis, estruturas e outros componentes na construção civil. O grande volume de resíduos gerados pela agroindústria viabiliza o desenvolvimento de materiais alternativos e sustentáveis, destacando-se os painéis de partículas. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo da produção e avaliação de painéis de partículas de Eucalyptus grandis e casca de aveia, aderidas sob pressão com dois tipos de resinas (poliuretana à base de mamona e ureia formaldeído). O desempenho físico-mecânico dos painéis produzidos foi avaliado com base na ABNT NBR 14810:2006. Por meio de análise de variância (ANOVA), avaliou-se a influência dos fatores adotados: madeira de Eucalyptus grandis, com proporções mássicas de 70, 85 e 100%; casca de aveia, nas proporções de 15, 30 e 100%; e adesivos, nas proporções de 10, 12 e 14%, bem como a combinação entre ambos, em cada uma das variáveis respostas (propriedades físico-mecânicas) avaliadas. Os resultados apontaram excelentes propriedades físico-mecânicas, em alguns casos muito superiores aos requisitos estipulados pelas normas nacionais e internacionais. Desta maneira, ficou comprovado o bom desempenho dos painéis de partículas produzidos, além de sua compatibilidade para aplicações em indústrias, como de móveis, painéis, embalagens e na construção civil. / Wood-based panels have been widely used around the world, replacing solid wood in various segments of the industry, such as furniture, panels, structures and other building components. The large volume of waste generated by agro industry enables the development of alternative and sustainable materials, highlighting the particleboard. This paper presents a study about production and evaluation of particleboard of Eucalyptus grandis and oat hulls, bonded under pressure with two types of resins (polyurethane based on castor oil and urea formaldehyde). Physical-mechanical performance of the panels produced was evaluated based on ABNT NBR 14810:2006. A variance analysis (ANOVA) evaluated the factors influence: Eucalyptus grandis, with mass ratios of 70, 85 and 100%; oat hulls, in proportions of 15, 30 and 100%; adhesives, in proportions of 10, 12 and 14%, and the combination of both, in each of the response variables (physical and mechanical properties) evaluated. Results showed excellent physical-mechanical properties, in some cases much higher than national and international codes requirements. Thus, panel particles good performance was proved, in addition to its compatibility with applications in wood industries, such as furniture, panels, packaging and in building construction.

Dans le cadre de la sécurité incendie, les produits industriels destinés au marché dela construction doivent être soumis à des essais de résistance au feu standardisés. Enparticulier, des critères de température limite à ne pas dépasser sont à satisfaire en face nonexposéedes produits. De plus, une attention est à apporter aux déformations hors plan del’élément testé. Ces essais de résistance au feu peuvent être contraignants et coûteux pour lesindustriels ce qui peut freiner leur démarche de Recherche et Développement. À ce titre, unprogramme de recherche a été lancé par la société EFECTIS France, laboratoire agréé enrésistance au feu, en collaboration avec le laboratoire I2M de l’Université de Bordeaux, dontl'objectif est de mettre au point un outil de simulation numérique d’essais de résistance au feu(four virtuel) appliqué à un bloc-porte en bois et produits dérivés (panneaux de particules etpanneaux de fibres). Le modèle thermomécanique développé prend en compte l’évolution despropriétés thermiques et mécaniques du matériau en fonction de l’avancement des réactionsde vaporisation et de pyrolyse ainsi que l’impact de ces réactions en termes d’énergiesconsommées et fournies. Ce modèle s’appuie notamment sur différents programmesexpérimentaux, comportant entre autre de la mesure de champ par corrélation d’images, dansle but de mesurer les données nécessaires à son bon fonctionnement. En se basant sur lecalcul du champ de température et sur l'estimation des déformations thermiques du bloc-portecoupe-feu, le modèle permet d’évaluer les performances au feu du produit. / In the context of fire safety, industrial products used in the building constructionmarket have to satisfy to standard fire resistance tests. In particular, a temperature criterionmust be satisfied on the unexposed side of the product and attention should be given to thedeformation of the product during fire. These tests are restrictive and costly for manufacturerswhich can slow down their R&D program. In this context, a research program was initiatedby the company EFECTIS France in collaboration with the laboratory I2M from theUniversity of Bordeaux whose main objective is to develop a numerical thermomechanicalmodel for simulating a fire resistance test (virtual furnace) on a fire door composed of woodand wood-based materials (particles and fibres boards). Thermomechanical model takes intoaccount the variation of thermal and mechanical properties as a function of vaporization andpyrolysis reactions. Energy impacts of those reactions are also included in the model. Thenumerical model involves experimental data to complete material properties needed for itsutilisation. To achieve this, different experimental programs were carried out, in particularmeasurements using digital image correlation. Based on simulated temperature field andestimation of the global bending of the fire door, the model allows evaluating fireperformances of the product.

The mechanisms and kinetics of combustion of waste wood as well as the phases during combustion processes are important to eliminate these wastes without any possible damage to environment. In the present study, combustion mechanisms, activation energy and pre-exponential constants, and phases of combustion were investigated for untreated natural pine and treated Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF), plywood and particleboard samples that involve some chemicals and additives. Waste wood samples were heated in air at 10, 20 and 30oC/min heating rates in a Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) from room temperature to 900oC. Thermogravimetry (TG) and Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG) curves for all samples were obtained. The gases formed during combustion reactions were directly fed to a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) instrument coupled to TGA. Emission characteristics of the samples were determined in-situ by using the FTIR spectrums. As a result of TG analysis, thermal decomposition of treated samples was observed at lower temperatures as compared to the untreated pine sample because of the catalyzing effects of the chemicals in the treated samples. Therefore, there were less flammable products, lower weight losses in the main oxidation region, decrease in the max. weight loss temperatures and formation of more char for treated samples as compared to untreated pine sample. In other words, chemicals used during production of these samples lead to decrease in the combustibility of the treated samples. Thermal kinetic constants for the samples were calculated by using Coats Redfern and Broido Methods. In order to find out the mechanisms responsible for the oxidation of the waste wood samples in different regions, six solid state mechanisms of Coats Redfern Method were tested. As a result of FTIR analysis of the emitted gases from TG analysis, several chemical groups were detected from pine and treated samples. Combustion of all samples revealed some gases containing aromatics, C-H groups, CO2 and CO. However, there were some toxic and carcinogenic gases like formaldehyde, isocyanate group, ammonia, phenyl group and benzoylbromide among the emissions of treated samples which need utmost attention when recovering energy from treated waste woods.

Temas relacionados ao desenvolvimento de novos materiais têm sido cada vez mais abordados e discutidos, num contexto em que questões como meio ambiente, sociedade, economia de energia e aproveitamento de resíduos, vêm se tornando relevantes. Neste cenário, faz-se necessário estudar aplicações de insumos alternativos na produção de pisos de madeira, tanto para reduzir o consumo de essências tropicais quanto para suprir o aumento da demanda de madeira nas indústrias deste segmento. O objetivo deste estudo foi produzir painéis de partículas homogêneos de alta densidade, com resíduos de madeira de Pinus elliottii e casca de aveia (Avena sativa), aderidos sob pressão com dois tipos de adesivo, poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona e melamina formaldeído, nos percentuais de 11 e 13%, e avaliar o desempenho físico-mecânico de tais painéis para aplicação em pisos. O desempenho físico-mecânico dos painéis (Planejamento I - 20 tratamentos) foi avaliado com base nas normas ABNT NBR 14810 (2006 e 2013). Realizou-se análise de variância (ANOVA) para testar a influência dos fatores individuais (percentual de casca de aveia, percentual de adesivo e tipo de adesivo), além das interações entre tais fatores (dois a dois e três a três) nas propriedades físico-mecânicas dos painéis. Também foi avaliado o desempenho para pisos, tanto dos painéis (Planejamento II - 12 tratamentos) quanto de três espécies de madeira tropical (Angelim Vermelho, Dinizia excelsa; Cumaru, Dipteryx odorata e Jatobá, Hymenaea sp.), segundo diversas normas relacionadas a pisos de madeira. Os resultados apontaram propriedades físico-mecânicas dos painéis, em alguns tratamentos superiores aos requisitos estipulados por normas nacionais e internacionais. Quanto ao desempenho para pisos, os painéis apresentaram desempenho semelhante as três espécies de madeira, na maioria das propriedades avaliadas. A análise de porosimetria por intrusão de mercúrio confirmou a similaridade entre os painéis (do Planejamento II) e as três espécies de madeira avaliadas, evidenciando a potencialidade dos painéis produzidos para aplicação na indústria de pisos engenheirados. / Matters related to the development of new materials have been increasingly addressed and discussed in a context where issues such as the environment, society, energy and waste recovery economy, is becoming relevant. In this scenario, it is necessary to study alternative inputs for applications in the production of wood floors, both to reduce the consumption of tropical essences as to meet the increasing demand for wood in industries in this segment. The aim this study was to produce high density homogeneous particleboard with waste wood of Pinus elliottii and oat hulls (Avena sativa), adhered under pressure with two types of adhesive, castor oil-based polyurethane and melamine formaldehyde, the percentage of 11 and 13%, and evaluate the physical and mechanical performance of such panels for use in floors. The physical-mechanical performance of the panels (Planning I - 20 treatments) was evaluated based on the NBR 14810 (2006 and 2013) standards. We conducted an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the influence of individual factors (oat hulls percentage, adhesive percentage and type of adhesive), and the interactions between these factors (two by two and three by three) on the physical properties-mechanical panels. It was also evaluated the performance for floors, both panels (Planning II - 12 treatments) as three species of tropical wood (Angelim Vermelho, Dinizia excelsa; Cumaru, Dipteryx odorata e Jatobá, Hymenaea sp.), according to various standards related to wood floors. The results indicated physical and mechanical properties of the panels, in some treatments superior to the requirements stipulated by national and international standards. As for performance flooring, panels statistically equivalent to the three species of wood, most of the evaluated properties. Porosimetry analysis by mercury intrusion confirmed the similarity between the panels (from Planning II) and the three wood species evaluated, demonstrating the potential of the panels produced for use in the flooring industry engineered.

Os painéis à base de madeira vêm sendo amplamente utilizados em todo o mundo, em resposta à redução de oferta de madeira maciça em diversos segmentos da indústria madeireira, como em móveis, painéis, estruturas e outros componentes na construção civil. O grande volume de resíduos gerados pela agroindústria viabiliza o desenvolvimento de materiais alternativos e sustentáveis, destacando-se os painéis de partículas. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo da produção e avaliação de painéis de partículas de Eucalyptus grandis e casca de aveia, aderidas sob pressão com dois tipos de resinas (poliuretana à base de mamona e ureia formaldeído). O desempenho físico-mecânico dos painéis produzidos foi avaliado com base na ABNT NBR 14810:2006. Por meio de análise de variância (ANOVA), avaliou-se a influência dos fatores adotados: madeira de Eucalyptus grandis, com proporções mássicas de 70, 85 e 100%; casca de aveia, nas proporções de 15, 30 e 100%; e adesivos, nas proporções de 10, 12 e 14%, bem como a combinação entre ambos, em cada uma das variáveis respostas (propriedades físico-mecânicas) avaliadas. Os resultados apontaram excelentes propriedades físico-mecânicas, em alguns casos muito superiores aos requisitos estipulados pelas normas nacionais e internacionais. Desta maneira, ficou comprovado o bom desempenho dos painéis de partículas produzidos, além de sua compatibilidade para aplicações em indústrias, como de móveis, painéis, embalagens e na construção civil. / Wood-based panels have been widely used around the world, replacing solid wood in various segments of the industry, such as furniture, panels, structures and other building components. The large volume of waste generated by agro industry enables the development of alternative and sustainable materials, highlighting the particleboard. This paper presents a study about production and evaluation of particleboard of Eucalyptus grandis and oat hulls, bonded under pressure with two types of resins (polyurethane based on castor oil and urea formaldehyde). Physical-mechanical performance of the panels produced was evaluated based on ABNT NBR 14810:2006. A variance analysis (ANOVA) evaluated the factors influence: Eucalyptus grandis, with mass ratios of 70, 85 and 100%; oat hulls, in proportions of 15, 30 and 100%; adhesives, in proportions of 10, 12 and 14%, and the combination of both, in each of the response variables (physical and mechanical properties) evaluated. Results showed excellent physical-mechanical properties, in some cases much higher than national and international codes requirements. Thus, panel particles good performance was proved, in addition to its compatibility with applications in wood industries, such as furniture, panels, packaging and in building construction.