RIBEIRO, Patrícia Gomes Bezerra . Produção escrita no ensino fundamental II: uma proposta para trabalhar a referenciação anafórica. 2016. 97f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-14T12:16:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_pgbribeiro.pdf: 861220 bytes, checksum: 5232151b76409187ae262d19f0fe087c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-03T13:38:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_pgbribeiro.pdf: 861220 bytes, checksum: 5232151b76409187ae262d19f0fe087c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-03T13:38:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_pgbribeiro.pdf: 861220 bytes, checksum: 5232151b76409187ae262d19f0fe087c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Working with referential process represents the possibility of regarding the linguistic elements that contribute to the texts’ organization and the speech construction. Based on that foundations, this dissertation presents activities organized in a pedagogical sequence (PS) in which its purpose is developing abilities by using productive and efficient anaphoric reference mechanisms in Middle school students. In order to achieve that, the objectives are: a) propose activities that are related to referencing, more specific anaphoric reference; b) reflect on to what extent the acquisition of anaphoric reference mechanisms by the students, especially related to the anaphoric reference, favor the writing development; c) suggest activities concerning text production in order to achieve efficient manners of anaphoric reference mechanisms responsible for maintenance and for progression of referencing in the text. As to theoretical support, fundamentally, to reference, in a sociocognitive interactional perspective, according to Mondada and Dubois (2005), Cavalcante (2011), Cavalcante, Brito and Custódio Filho (2014), and, as to pedagogial sequence, to Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004). Conceived to apply to 9th grade students in public school in Fortaleza, the PS proposed aims at raising awareness about the maintenance mechanisms and theme progression, specifically in a argumentative text, the opinion article. It is believed that the PS give a more conscious and productive use of anaphoric reference mechanisms and the perception that the referents are established between the interlocutors in a shared perspective because it is in the interaction process that the ideas are constructed and reconstructed. / Trabalhar com o processo de referenciação representa a possibilidade de voltar o olhar para os elementos linguísticos que colaboram para a tessitura do texto e para a construção do discurso. Fundamentado nesse pressuposto, este trabalho de dissertação apresenta atividades organizadas em uma sequência didática (SD) cujo propósito é desenvolver habilidades no uso produtivo e eficiente dos mecanismos de referenciação anafórica em alunos do Ensino Fundamental II. Para o alcance desse propósito, têm-se como objetivos: a) propor atividades que tratam da referenciação, sobretudo da anafórica; b) refletir em que medida o conhecimento dos mecanismos de referenciação pelos alunos, sobretudo os relacionados ao processo anafórico, favorece o desenvolvimento da escrita; c) sugerir atividades voltadas para a produção de textos de forma a alcançar o uso eficiente de recursos de referenciação anafórica responsável pela manutenção e pela progressão da referência no texto. Como apoio teórico, fundamentalmente, para a referenciação, numa perspectiva sociocognitiva e interacional, recorre-se a Mondada e Dubois (2005), Cavalcante (2011) e Cavalcante, Brito e Custódio Filho (2014), e, para a sequência didática, a Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004). Concebida para aplicação junto a alunos do 9º ano de uma escola pública de Fortaleza, a SD proposta busca conscientizá-los a respeito dos mecanismos de manutenção e progressão temática, especificamente em um texto argumentativo, o artigo de opinião. Acredita-se que a SD propicie o uso mais consciente e produtivo dos mecanismos de referenciação anafórica e a percepção de que os referentes são estabelecidos entre os interlocutores, em uma perspectiva compartilhada, pois é na interação que os sentidos do texto se constroem e são reconstruídos.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior / Trabalhar com o processo de referenciaÃÃo representa a possibilidade de voltar o olhar para os elementos linguÃsticos que colaboram para a tessitura do texto e para a construÃÃo do discurso. Fundamentado nesse pressuposto, este trabalho de dissertaÃÃo apresenta atividades organizadas em uma sequÃncia didÃtica (SD) cujo propÃsito à desenvolver habilidades no uso produtivo e eficiente dos mecanismos de referenciaÃÃo anafÃrica em alunos do Ensino Fundamental II. Para o alcance desse propÃsito, tÃm-se como objetivos: a) propor atividades que tratam da referenciaÃÃo, sobretudo da anafÃrica; b) refletir em que medida o conhecimento dos mecanismos de referenciaÃÃo pelos alunos, sobretudo os relacionados ao processo anafÃrico, favorece o desenvolvimento da escrita; c) sugerir atividades voltadas para a produÃÃo de textos de forma a alcanÃar o uso eficiente de recursos de referenciaÃÃo anafÃrica responsÃvel pela manutenÃÃo e pela progressÃo da referÃncia no texto. Como apoio teÃrico, fundamentalmente, para a referenciaÃÃo, numa perspectiva sociocognitiva e interacional, recorre-se a Mondada e Dubois (2005), Cavalcante (2011) e Cavalcante, Brito e CustÃdio Filho (2014), e, para a sequÃncia didÃtica, a Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004). Concebida para aplicaÃÃo junto a alunos do 9 ano de uma escola pÃblica de Fortaleza, a SD proposta busca conscientizÃ-los a respeito dos mecanismos de manutenÃÃo e progressÃo temÃtica, especificamente em um texto argumentativo, o artigo de opiniÃo. Acredita-se que a SD propicie o uso mais consciente e produtivo dos mecanismos de referenciaÃÃo anafÃrica e a percepÃÃo de que os referentes sÃo estabelecidos entre os interlocutores, em uma perspectiva compartilhada, pois à na interaÃÃo que os sentidos do texto se constroem e sÃo reconstruÃdos. / Working with referential process represents the possibility of regarding the linguistic elements that contribute to the textsâ organization and the speech construction. Based on that foundations, this dissertation presents activities organized in a pedagogical sequence (PS) in which its purpose is developing abilities by using productive and efficient anaphoric reference mechanisms in Middle school students. In order to achieve that, the objectives are: a) propose activities that are related to referencing, more specific anaphoric reference; b) reflect on to what extent the acquisition of anaphoric reference mechanisms by the students, especially related to the anaphoric reference, favor the writing development; c) suggest activities concerning text production in order to achieve efficient manners of anaphoric reference mechanisms responsible for maintenance and for progression of referencing in the text. As to theoretical support, fundamentally, to reference, in a sociocognitive interactional perspective, according to Mondada and Dubois (2005), Cavalcante (2011), Cavalcante, Brito and CustÃdio Filho (2014), and, as to pedagogial sequence, to Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004). Conceived to apply to 9th grade students in public school in Fortaleza, the PS proposed aims at raising awareness about the maintenance mechanisms and theme progression, specifically in a argumentative text, the opinion article. It is believed that the PS give a more conscious and productive use of anaphoric reference mechanisms and the perception that the referents are established between the interlocutors in a shared perspective because it is in the interaction process that the ideas are constructed and reconstructed.

Le présent mémoire explore l’enseignement en classe inversée, tel que rapporté par 25 enseignants de niveau collégial et universitaire au Québec en 2017-2018. L’étude décrite dans ce mémoire documente l’usage de la classe inversée, dans le but d’en favoriser l’usage par la communauté enseignante. Avec le développement rapide de ressources éducatives en ligne en 2020-2021, le contexte technopédagogique est favorable à un plus grand usage de la classe inversée à tous les niveaux de l’éducation. La classe inversée est étudiée comme piste d’amélioration de la réussite scolaire au postsecondaire, puisque la réussite scolaire est une problématique sociale d’actualité qui a des répercussions sur la société, les établissements et les individus. À l’aide d’approches pédagogiques recourant à l’apprentissage actif, les enseignants peuvent concevoir des activités motivantes et engageantes pour les étudiants ce qui a un effet positif sur la motivation. L’approche de la classe inversée, devenue très populaire au postsecondaire, exploite les avantages motivationnels connu de l’apprentissage actif sans sacrifier la capacité à transmettre beaucoup de contenus théoriques durant une session de cours. Le présent mémoire fait l’inventaire des pratiques technopédagogiques en classe inversée et comporte 3 angles d’analyse : l’adoption de la classe inversée, les pratiques d’enseignement et la gestion de classe. Nous avons recours à un modèle de développement professionnel afin de comprendre le contexte de la classe inversée, ses particularités et l’évolution des pratiques des répondants. Ces questions spécifiques sont répondues à l’aide d’une approche où l’on compare 25 différents cas d’usage de la classe inversée pour en faire émerger les convergences. Des entrevues semi-dirigées d’une heure et demie sont analysées à trois reprises pour répondre spécifiquement à ces trois questions, permettant une triangulation par l’analyse qui contribue à dresser un portrait compréhensif de la classe inversée. Premièrement les résultats démontrent que l’adoption de la classe inversée est faite par l’accumulation des pratiques d’enseignement qui la composent au fil du temps. D’un point de départ magistrocentré, on constate que cette accumulation débute plus souvent par l’adoption de nouveaux dispositifs technologiques, puis ensuite de nouvelles approches pédagogiques, plutôt que l’adoption des pédagogies actives, précédant les dispositifs technologiques (Figure 6 à Figure 8). Deuxièmement les résultats permettent d’observer que les pratiques d’enseignement de chaque phase de la séquence pédagogique sont régies par des logiques de conception pédagogique sous-jacentes propres à la classe inversée. La préparation et l’amorce d’un cours sont complémentaires et jouent le rôle de l’acquisition et de la consolidation-réactivation des acquis. Les activités sont davantage magistrocentré et médiatisés hors du cours. Les activités d’apprentissage actif et l’enseignement magistrocentré sont complémentaires en classe, cependant l’enseignement est davantage pédocentré et moins médiatisé hors de la classe. Finalement la conclusion des séances de classe permet généralement aux étudiants de recevoir une rétroaction (ANNEXE VIII). Troisièmement, les résultats indiquent que la gestion de classe en classe inversée se présente sous diverses formes mais favorise généralement le style interactionniste, avec quelques aspects plus interventionnistes ou plus non-interventionnistes (Figure 11). L’étude de la gestion de classe met en lumière les pratiques de contrôle comportemental des étudiants par l’évaluation en classe inversée, en plus de son rôle principal évaluatif et formatif (Figure 12). / This thesis explores the use of flipped classroom teaching, as reported by 25 college and university teachers in Quebec in 2017-2018. The study described in this thesis documents the use of the flipped classroom, with the aim of promoting its use by the teaching community. With the rapid development of online educational resources in 2020-2021, the technopedagogical context is favorable to greater use of the flipped classroom at all levels of education. The flipped classroom is being studied as an avenue for improving post-secondary academic success, since academic success is a topical social issue that has repercussions on society, institutions and individuals. Using active learning pedagogical approaches, teachers can design motivating and engaging activities for students which has a positive effect on motivation. The flipped classroom approach, which has become very popular in post-secondary education, harnesses the known motivational benefits of active learning without sacrificing the ability to convey a lot of theoretical content during a class session. This thesis takes stock of technopedagogical practices in the flipped classroom and includes 3 angles of analysis: its adoption, teaching practices and classroom management. We use a professional development framework to understand the context of the flipped classroom, its peculiarities and the evolution of respondent practices. These specific questions are answered using an approach where we compare 25 different use cases to bring out the convergences. One-and-a-half-hour semi-structured interviews are analyzed three times to specifically answer these three questions, allowing analytical triangulation that helps paint a comprehensive portrait of the flipped classroom. Firstly, the results show that the adoption of the flipped classroom is made by the accumulation of teaching practices that compose it over time. From a teacher-centered point of origin, this accumulation begins more often with the adoption of new technology, then new pedagogical approaches, rather than the adoption of active learning preceding the use of technologies (Figure 6 to Figure 8). Secondly, the results allow us to observe that the teaching practices of each phase of the teaching sequence are governed by underlying teaching design logics specific to the flipped classroom. The preparation and primer of a course are complementary and enable acquisition and consolidationreactivation of acquired knowledge. The activities are more lecture-oriented outside the course. Active learning activities and formal teaching are complementary in the classroom, however teaching is more student-centric in the classroom. Classes concludes generally with feedback (APPENDIX VIII). Thirdly and lastly, the results on classroom management states a variety of approaches but generally favors the interactionist style, with some more interventionist or non-interventionist aspects (Figure 11). Exploring classroom management sheds light on student behavioral control practices through assessments, in addition to its primary evaluative and formative role (Figure 12).