Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The oil discoveries in Brazilian pre-salt began a strong mobilization of government and also private companies to the rescue of the shipbuilding industry in the country. With the objective to become the Brazilian industry globally competitive, various government incentives provided growth, expansion and modernization of this industry that already ranks fourth in the ranking of the largest craft producing countries of the world. In this context, despite not being a young industry in Brazil, shipbuilding, especially focused on oil exploration (offshore) proved to be important element for the growth of the economy, creating jobs, developing producing regions and boosting the entire chain productive. Despite the favorable environment in which shipbuilding and offshore industries are, there are still gaps that undermine competitiveness these organizations in the global market, as the skilled labor available, the adequacy of suppliers to their demands and the large need for investment in technology. Thus, this dissertation project aims at proposing a model able to measure the level of innovation in Brazilian shipbuilding and offshore, in the structural and business fields, based on a literature and documentary research on the characteristics of the industry sector, using for both assumptions regarding the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and the concepts of multi-criteria decision aid. The proposed model will be put to test in real companies, returning in its evaluation phase an index that represents the competitive performance of each industry evaluated, thus allowing comparison and discussion of the results. Subsequently, will be proposed recommendations able to leverage the innovation of those who submit the most unsatisfactory levels, thus demonstrating the relevance of modeling to increase the sector's competitiveness against the scenario that presents itself. / As descobertas de petróleo no pré-sal brasileiro iniciaram uma grande mobilização do governo e também de empresas privadas para o resgate da indústria de construção naval em todo país. Com o objetivo de tornar o setor brasileiro mundialmente competitivo, vários incentivos do governo proporcionaram o crescimento, expansão e modernização desta indústria que já ocupa a quarta posição no ranking dos maiores países produtores de embarcações do mundo. Neste âmbito, apesar de não ser um setor jovem no Brasil, a construção naval, em especial a voltada para exploração de petróleo (offshore) mostrou-se elemento importante para o crescimento da economia, criando empregos, desenvolvendo regiões produtoras e impulsionando toda a cadeia produtiva. Apesar do ambiente favorável em que se encontram as indústrias de construção naval e offshore na última década, ainda existem lacunas que prejudicam a inovação e a competitividade destas organizações no mercado global, como a qualificação da mão-de-obra disponível, as adequações dos fornecedores às suas demandas e a grande necessidade de investimento em tecnologia. Assim, este projeto de dissertação tem por objetivo propor uma modelagem capaz de mensurar o nível de gestão da inovação em indústrias de construção naval e offshore brasileiras, fundamentada em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre as características do setor, utilizando-se para tanto dos pressupostos referentes aos Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) e dos conceitos da abordagem multicritério de apoio à decisão. A modelagem proposta foi submetida a teste em empresas reais, retornando em sua fase de avaliação um índice que representa o desempenho em inovação de cada indústria avaliada, permitindo-se assim a comparação e discussão dos resultados obtidos. Posteriormente, foram propostas recomendações capazes de alavancar a gestão da inovação daquelas que apresentaram os níveis mais insatisfatórios, demonstrando-se assim a relevância da modelagem para elevar a inovação do setor frente ao cenário que se apresenta.

The thesis Feedback in the proces of education, discusses formative feedback whose goal is to convey information to the student, which positively influences the students progress. Therefore it is an ongoing action of the teacher, who is monitoring the progress and results of the students, so that the teacher can help the students reach their goals and help form their overall personality. The first part of the thesis concentrates on the definition of feedback in the context of educational communication. Here the functions, goals of feedback and various typologies, with which we can meet, are summed up. Attention is further given to the problematics of working with students mistakes, educational goals, feedback in relation to evaluation and the role of formative evaluation in the educational process, the key of which is feedback. Part of the text further gives attention to how to work with feedback, and what to look out for so that it is most effective. The empirical second part concentrates on a research of methods of ten public school elementary teacher which they use to provide their students feedback. In the form of a case study it looks at how teachers approach feedback, and what forms and procedures they use, and what they want to achieve through it.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / This research report, explores the challenges contributing to a non-effective implementation of performance and development management system at the Department of Social Development in Eastern Cape. My argument is that although the system has been fully implemented throughout the province and in all the layers of the department, there are still challenges that contribute to its ineffective implementation of this system. This research report debates a range of issues such as: challenges that revolve around the lack of proper knowledge and training in staff, non-alignment of performance contracts with operations of the department, attitudes of officials towards the system itself and the desired institutions operation that may contribute to its performance and achieve its objective of effective service delivery meaningfully. The research report also explores the paradigm shift of the department from a traditional welfarish approach to a one that focuses on social development. This research especially seeks to understand how the department seeks to plan for institutional change that will promote delivery its services to communities more. The reason for this focus derives from department is practice to provide services sectoralyand not in an integrated manner. Hence the critique, in this research is of the roles and responsibilities of all different layers of the department. This, I specifically argue for re-orientation of the department, not merely institutionally, but also strategically by adopting a social development approach to service delivery. / South Africa

The purpose of this research was to study a sociocognitive “student/parent/peer authoring community” called Traveling Books (TBks) in kindergarten and second grade in a public elementary school setting. TBks are teacher-made vehicles for involving parents in peer-based literacy environments. The study was based on Epstein's theory that increasing overlap of students' spheres of influence, home, school, and community, creates a greater likelihood that children will learn what the parents want them to learn. The aim was to locate essential elements that triggered learning processes to occur and to discover research-based fundamentals still missing from TBks. This qualitative inquiry incorporated the framework of Dr. Elliot Eisner‘s Educational Criticism with five distinctive dimensions (intentional, structural, curricular, pedagogical, and evaluative) to guide the analysis of TBk procedures. A purposive sample of six Utah teachers from rural and inner city classrooms participated with 251 students in 12 groups for 2½ years. Data were gathered from interviews, classroom observations, surveys, and artifacts. My role was researcher and participant/observer. What I found was that motivation for authoring increased when parents (or parent figures) contributed simple family knowledge to the TBks. Most parents indicated that their child‘s “favorite” TBks were those that had required the most parent involvement. A few parents, however, described frustration with their role in facilitating TBks with their child. Seven vignettes described the complex and subtle qualities found in TBk sociocognitive environments and its effect on struggling, average, gifted, and behaviorally handicapped children, and longitudinal effects on former students. Despite increased commitments, most teachers reported a lighter workload overall using TBks to augment their existing literacy programs. A sense of urgency to proceed with internet development for TBk facilitation was expressed. Options were explored for developing internet assisted training for teachers and parents. Twelve essential elements were identified and a TBks instructional model was developed. A clearer understanding of the educational philosophy behind TBks resulted in the design of a prototype tool to engage parents in TBks through interactive home writing. This study raised important questions about characteristics of optimal support for facilitating TBks and about fundamentals still missing for broader implementation.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21090号 / 工博第4454号 / 新制||工||1692(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 五十嵐 晃, 教授 澤田 純男, 教授 KIM Chul-Woo / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

<p>Coupled Composite Plate Shear Walls / Concrete Filled (CC-PSW/CFs) are being employed as a seismic lateral force resisting system for the design and construction of mid- to high-rise buildings around the world. The coupled system consists of two or more Composite Plate Shear Walls – Concrete Filled (C-PSW/CFs) connected to each other using composite coupling beams located at the story heights. The CC-PSW/CF system can provide higher overturning moment capacity, lateral stiffness, and ductility than uncoupled walls. Concrete-filled steel box sections are typically used for the composite coupling beams, which are designed to be flexure critical members. When the CC-PSW/CF system is subjected to lateral seismic forces, plastic hinge formation and inelastic deformations (energy dissipation) occur near the ends of most of coupling beams along the structure's height, followed by flexural hinging of the C-PSW/CFs, typically at the base. </p> <p>This work presents the details and design of four composite coupling beam-to-C-PSW/CF connection configurations. Six connection specimens, representing the four connection configurations, with beam clear span-to-section depth, <em>Lb</em>/<em>d</em>, ratios of 3.5 and 5.1, were designed, fabricated, and tested. The experimental program focused on the force-displacement and moment-rotation responses, behavioral observations, limit states, and flexural capacities of the tested specimens. Major limit states and events included yielding of the steel plates comprising the coupling beam, followed by local inelastic buckling, fracture initiation in the base metal (near the weld toes) in the connection region, and fracture propagation through the beam flange and web plates leading to loss of flexural strength and failure. All specimens developed and exceeded the capacity and chord rotation requirements, in accordance with ANSI/AISC 341-22 guidelines.</p> <p>Detailed nonlinear 3D finite element models of the tested specimens were developed and verified using experimental results. The 3D finite element models accurately simulate the stiffness, flexural capacities, and monotonic responses of tested specimens. Nonlinear fiber-based models of the tested coupling beam-to-C-PSW/CF specimens were developed and verified using experimental results. The nonlinear fiber-based models can accurately simulate the stiffness, flexural capacities, and cyclic responses of tested specimens. The benchmarked fiber models were used to estimate the moment-rotation response of full-scale archetype connections. </p>

This study investigated how 2 different rating conditions, the controlled rating condition (CRC) and the uncontrolled rating condition (URC), effected rater behavior and the reliability of a performance assessment (PA) known as the Missionary Teaching Assessment (MTA). The CRC gives raters the capability to manipulate (pause, rewind, fast-forward) video recordings of an examinee's performance as they rate while the URC does not give them this capability (i.e., the rater must watch the recording straight through without making any manipulations). Few studies have compared the effect of these two rating conditions on ratings. Ryan et al. (1995) analyzed the impact of the CRC and URC on the accuracy of ratings, but few, if any, have analyzed its impact on reliability. The Missionary Teaching Assessment is a performance assessment used to assess the teaching abilities of missionaries for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints at the Missionary Training Center. In this study, 32 missionaries taught a 10-minute lesson that was recorded and later rated by trained raters based on a rubric containing 5 criteria. Each teaching sample was rated by 4 of 6 raters. Two of the 4 ratings were rated using the CRC and 2 using the URC. Camtasia Studio (2010), a screen capture software, was used to record when raters used any type of manipulation. The recordings were used to analyze if raters manipulated the recordings and if so, when and how frequently. Raters also performed think-alouds following a random sample of the ratings that were performed using the CRC. These data revealed that when raters had access to the CRC they took advantage of it the majority of the time, but they differed in how frequently they manipulated the recordings. The CRC did not add an exorbitant amount of time to the rating process. The reliability of the ratings was analyzed using both generalizability theory (G theory) and many-facets Rasch measurement (MFRM). Results indicated that, in general, the reliability of the ratings obtained from the 2 rating conditions were not statistically significantly different from each other. The implications of these findings are addressed.

Radar Sounders (RSs) are active sensors that transmit in the nadir electromagnetic (EM) waves with a low frequency in the range of High-Frequency and Very-High-Frequency and relatively wide bandwidth. Such a signal penetrates the surface and propagates in the subsurface, interacting with dielectric interfaces. This interaction yields to backscattered echoes detectable by the antenna that are coherently summed and stored in radargrams. RSs are used for planetary exploration and Earth observation for their value in investigating subsurface geological structures and processes, which reveal the past geomorphological history and possible future evolution. RS instruments have several parameter configurations that have to be designed to achieve the mission science goals. On Mars, radargram visual analyses revealed the icy layered deposits and liquid water evidence in the poles. On the Earth, RSs showed relevant structures and processes in the cryosphere and the arid areas that help to monitor the subsurface geological evolution, which is critical for climate change. Despite the valuable results, visual analysis is subjective and not feasible for processing a large amount of data. Therefore, a need emerges for automatic methods extracting fast and reliable information from radargrams. The thesis addresses two main open issues of the radar-sounding literature: i) assessing target detectability in simulated orbiting radargrams to guide the design of RS instruments, and ii) designing automatic methods for information extraction from RS data. The RS design is based on assessing the performance of a given instrument parameter configuration in achieving the mission science goals and detecting critical targets. The assessment guides the parameter selection by determining the appropriate trade-off between the achievable performance and technical limitations. We propose assessing the detectability of subsurface targets (e.g., englacial layering and basal interface) from satellite radar sounders with novel performance metrics. This performance assessment strategy can be applied to guide the design of the SNR budget at the surface, which can further support the selection of the main EORS instrument parameters. The second contribution is designing automatic methods for analyzing radargrams based on fuzzy logic and deep learning. The first method aims at identifying buried cavities, such as lava tubes, exploiting their geometric and EM models. A fuzzy system is built on the model that detects candidate reflections from the surface and the lava tube boundary. The second and third proposed methods are based on deep learning, as they showed groundbreaking results in several applications. We contributed with an automatic technique for analyzing radargram acquired in icy areas to investigate the basal layer. To this end, radargrams are segmented with a deep learning network into literature classes, including englacial layers, bedrock, and echo-free zone (EFZ) and thermal noise, as well as new classes of basal ice and signal perturbation. The third method proposes an unsupervised segmentation of radargrams with deep learning for detecting subsurface features. Qualitative and quantitative experimental results obtained on planetary and terrestrial radargrams confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods, which investigate new subsurface targets and allow an improvement in terms of accuracy when compared to other state-of-the-art methods.

Маркетинг является важнейшим направлением в деятельности любого современного предприятия. В целях совершенствования маркетинговой деятельности и повышения конкурентоспособности, предприятиям необходимо регулярно осуществлять оценку эффективности маркетинга. Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка научно-методических рекомендаций по совершенствованию оценки эффективности маркетинговой деятельности на предприятиях малого и среднего бизнеса. В работе рассматривается подходы и методы к оценке эффективности маркетинговой деятельности на предприятиях малого и среднего бизнеса. В качестве источников использовалась учебно-методическая и научно-исследовательская литература, результаты эмпирических исследований автора и данные корпоративной статистики. В магистерской диссертации был разработан алгоритм оценки эффективности маркетинговой деятельности на предприятиях малого и среднего бизнеса, который основан на интегральной оценке как финансовых, так и нефинансовых показателей эффективности маркетинговой деятельности, что позволяет выделить проблемные места и наметить зоны роста, как отдельного мероприятия, так и всей маркетинговой деятельности компании. / Marketing is the most important direction in the activities of any modern enterprise. In order to improve marketing activities and increase competitiveness, enterprises need to regularly assess the effectiveness of marketing. The aim of the master's thesis is to develop scientific and methodological recommendations to improve the assessment of the effectiveness of marketing activities at small and medium-sized businesses. The paper discusses approaches and methods to assess the effectiveness of marketing activities at small and medium-sized businesses. The sources used were educational, methodological and research literature, the results of the author's empirical research and corporate statistics. In the master's thesis, an algorithm was developed for assessing the effectiveness of marketing activities in small and medium-sized businesses, which is based on an integral assessment of both financial and non-financial indicators of the effectiveness of marketing activities, which allows you to highlight problem areas and outline growth areas, both for an individual event and for the whole marketing activities of the company.

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