The diploma thesis with research of efficiency of renewable and low-potential energy sources of buildings. It is available on numerical simulations for sharing office and heating and cooling system buildings in DesignBuilder. There are various energy sources and ways of controlling heating and cooling. The results are evaluated in terms of time, after the expected compromises in the building, in terms of energy consumption and its price.

These thesis deal with assessment influence thermal insulation of the health care in Jablunkov on outlay connected with operation. The first part is dedicated to demands of energy buildings in general, legislation and basic requirements on evaluation of energy performance of buildings. Afterwards there are described individual species of thermal insulation materials including different ways of thermal insulation of constructions. Then there are described methods of budgeting and economic evaluation of investment. The second part of these thesis deal with design of several variants of thermal insulation of the health care. On the basis of proposals of thermal insulation are then stated variations in expense for management of the health care without thermal insulation of perimeter structure and on the other side with the thermal insulation variants. At the end of thesis there are evaluated all proposed variants of thermal insulation in terms of economic returns if own financial resources and credit are used.

The diploma thesis deals with automated measurement of humidity and CO2 concentration inside buildings. Results of this measurement form the input parameters for the effective management of technologies reducing the energy performance of buildings. In the introduction, the issue of indoor air quality of buildings and indicators characterizing this quality are approached. The technical part of the thesis consists of making a measuring device which contains two prototype sensors provided by Teco Inc. with online access to measured data. The measurement of relative humidity, CO2 concentration and temperature in the interior of the building with the made device is compared with commercially available devices for measuring selected parameters. For unambiguous interpretation of online data, the virtual machine with an online database is configured for the created measuring device. The possibilities of using the prepared measuring device to achieve a reduction in the energy performance of buildings are discussed in the final part.

Diploma thesis entitled Influence of green roof insulation on the costs associated with one operation with an assessment of the design of alternative solutions for external contact thermal insulation system and their effects on the assessment of energy performance of the building and the associated costs of construction and operation. Alternatives for the design of a flat roof with a vegetation layer are also chosen in the construction solution of the building. The first part of the diploma thesis deals with the general requirements for the design and assessment of energy performance of buildings. The second part describes the individual options of the selected contact thermal insulation system and variants of flat roofs with a vegetation layer. In the next part, the budget for individual variants of thermal insulation is solved and the price of all variants is determined. The last part demonstrates the assessment of all variants and the overall economic evaluation with the selection of the best variants. For all variants, the time for which the investment will return is evaluated.

The main motivation for the business is making profits. For the creation of profit is the need to have a business plan. In order to have a successful business plan, we have to prepare it correctly, and then drive. The entire work is focused on the production, placing on the market and the management of the business plan. At the beginning of the introduction into the environment, and then everything is shown in a particular case. The aim is to show how to do this when you create a business plan, what pitfalls can occur and, above all, from the complex situation do the advantage.

A goal of this Master's Thesis is an energy audit of an apartment building situated in Brno, the southmoravian region. The theoretical part is focused on a Czech Republic legislation, methods of an energy evaluation of houses and injurants of an internal microclimate. In the next part the main focus is on a processing of the energy audit of the apartment building. One of details of this processing is a design of precautions. From these, variants are created, focusing to choose the most economical and ecological one. The last part of this Master's Thesis is devoted to an usage of available software applications. Here are described computer programs, used for a creation of a 3D model. Also, a description of a calculation of thermal loses and the calculation of coefficients of heat transfer using a quasi-stationary technique is present. At the end a detailed description of one year simulation of the apartment building is provided.

This thesis investigates the reception of the updated directive, Energy Performance of Building Directive, from the EU. The focus of the study is to analyse eight referral responses from chosen stakeholders and investigate their perspectives on the updated directive, negative and positive, any specific interests, are there any patterns that emerge in their responses and what are their concerns regarding the possible impact on society. The intention is to map the possible outcomes in society, focusing on social sustainability, including issues such as economic impact, social justice, and community impact.    The empirical material in this study is eight different referral responses on the updated version of the Energy Performance of Building Directive. The chosen methodical approach for this study is document analysis and thematic analysis. The findings are presented in four themes and later analysed and discussed through the lens of the chosen theoretical framework, which is environmental justice.    The findings show a large focus on accessibility to housing, resources and cost efficiency, excessive regulation and micromanagement, and the need for financial support and incentives. The stakeholders fear that the number of details in the Energy Performance of Building Directive will sub-optimise Sweden’s production. Even though the directive states that this initiative will protect the most vulnerable groups in society, the stakeholders fear it will aggravate the situation due to increased rents and economic burdens in general for the whole society.    This study concludes that such details should be discussed at the national level and it is important to include an environmental justice approach to avoid increasing the current inequalities and ensure that the needed transition will not be made at the expense of vulnerable segments of the population.

The diploma thesis "Implementation of the European Directive on the energy performance of buildings in the Czech Republic" is a case study of the application of European law in the sector of efficient use of energy by the end user. This is a very complex issue, because the sector of energy policy is interdisciplinary theme, touching a wide range of actors and the strategies for energy policy are formed at different levels of governance. The degree of harmony of these strategies affect the success of the transposition of European law at the national level. Czech Republic has implemented the directive into national law through the amendment to the Energy Management Act. The new legislation follows the existing trend of increasing requirements on building energy standard and extends the use of certification in the real estate market as an instrument of consumer protection. The adoption of these measures means the interaction of public and private sector, where is a conflict of interests and values of individual actors. A significant degree of controversy has an impact on the success of the implementation.

O concreto armado, sistema estrutural mais utilizado no mundo, consome grandes quantidades de matérias-primas, em sua maioria compostas por materiais não renováveis, além de enormes quantidades de água e depende de grande quantidade de energia para o seu beneficiamento, além de emissões de gases e produção de resíduos perigosos. As decisões de projeto, enter elas a localização das obras, a definição do produto a ser construído, o partido arquitetônico e a especificação de materiais e componentes, afetam diretamente o consumo de recursos naturais e de energia, tal consumo é afetado também pela otimização ou não da execução e pelo efeito global no seu entorno, sem falar nos impactos estéticos e urbanísticos mais amplos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o uso da metodologia da Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) no auxílio da tomada de decisões em projetos estruturais de concreto armado, visando a melhoria do desempenho ambiental parte-se da hipótese de que é possível obter a melhoria por meio da análise, durante a fase de projeto, da utilização de diferentes classes de resistência do concreto, por meio de alterações (reduções) nas dimensões dos elementos estruturais bem como do consumo dos materiais componentes da estrutura. Discute-se primeiramente o conceito de desempenho ambiental, seguido do impacto ambiental da construção civil e seus materiais. Posteriormente foi apresentada a metodologia da ACV e sua aplicação na construção civil com uma revisão bibliográfica. O desenvolvimento experimental efetuado foi o projeto estrutural de edifício com 6 classes de resistência característica à compressão do concreto do grupo I de resistência, à partir da classe C25 até a C50. Os resultados apresentaram que s classes C40, C45 e C50 obtiveram os C25 até a C50. OS resultados apresentaram que as classes C40, C45 e C50 obtiveram os melhores resultados em quase todos os quesitos avaliados. Especificamente a C40 se apresentou como a melhor opção para a unidade funcional avaliada com o melhor desempenho. O desenvolvimento experimental demonstrou a viabilidade do uso da ACV neste tipo de avaliação porém verifica-se a carência de maiores informações para execução de inventários e metodologia dirigida à realidade brasileira. Por fim , foram fornecidas orientações a todos os agentes intervenientes no projeto estrutural e execução da obra com a finalidade de ser alcançado o melhor desempenho ambiental das estruturas de concreto armado. / The reinforced concrete, most widely used structural system in the world, which consumes large amounts of raw materials, mostly composed of non-renewable materials, and huge amounts of water, depends on lot of energy for its processing, and gas emissions and hazardous waste generation. design decisions, such as location of works, the product definition to be built, the architectural party and specification of materials and components directly affect the consumption of natural resources and energy, as well as the optimization or not the execution and overall effect on its surroundings, not to mention the broader aesthetic and urbanistic impact. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of the methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to aid decision-making in structural design of reinforced concrete in order to improve the environmental performance starting from the hypothesis that can- yield improvement by analyzing, during the design stage, the use of different grades of concrete strength through changes (decreases) the dimensions of structural elements as well as the consumption of the component materials of the structure. At work was first discussed the concept of environmental performance, followed by the environmental impact of construction and its materials. The methodology of LCA and its application in construction with a literature review was presented later. The experimental development was made the building structural design with 6 classes of resistance characteristic of the group I concrete compressive strength, the class from the C25 to C50. The results showed that the C40 classes, C45 and C50 have the best results almost all the variables evaluated and specifically the C40 presented as the best option for the functional unit evaluated with the best performance. Experimental development demonstrated the feasibility of using ACV in this type of evaluation but still in need of more information for the execution of inventories and methodology will run Brazilian reality. Finally they were provided guidance to all actors involved in the structural design and execution of the work in order to be achieved the best environmental performance of reinforced concrete structures.

No que toca à avaliação de sistemas construtivos, a análise dos sistemas existentes para certificação ambiental de edifícios revela que há raras ferramentas que avaliam desempenho ambiental objetiva e holisticamente por Análise do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), predominando o reconhecimento de atributos de produtos e, desta forma, perdendo-se a noção global do impacto. Dentre as principais dificuldades encontradas para o uso da ACV em sistemas construtivos, encontra-se a escassez de dados de inventário disponíveis para sistemas construtivos no cenário brasileiro, o que torna a aplicação da metodologia ainda mais complexa e demorada. Por outro lado, bancos de dados internacionais dispõem de uma quantidade considerável de informações, as quais são muitas vezes utilizadas para estudos realizados dirigindo-se ao contexto brasileiro. Assim, esta pesquisa buscou responder às seguintes questões: a) se coletados para processos idênticos, os dados disponíveis em bases de dados internacionais validadas devem levar a resultados similares àqueles obtidos por estudos baseados em dados primários coletados no contexto brasileiro?; b) As metodologias de avaliação de impacto disponíveis na atualidade são capazes de avaliar de forma completa e consistente os principais potenciais de impacto derivados do ciclo de vida de materiais de construção tradicionais? Com isso o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a sensibilidade dos resultados de um estudo comparativo de ACV à utilização de dados secundários (provenientes de bases de dados europeias) ou dados primários (coletados no contexto brasileiro), assim como à utilização de diferentes metodologias de Avaliação de Impacto de Ciclo de Vida (AICV), identificando as categorias de impacto de contribuição mais significativa na avaliação de sistemas construtivos tradicionais, pela aplicação da metodologia em um estudo de caso. Os resultados demonstraram que o escopo geográfico das fontes de dados, assim como as possibilidades de escolha entre diferentes metodologias de AICV constituem pontos de grande sensibilidade dos estudos de ACV, os quais devem ser detalhadamente avaliados e descritos, de forma a se evitar resultados enganosos. Além disso, o desenvolvimento de categorias direcionadas especificamente aos impactos das atividades de mineração apresentou-se como uma importante demanda para futuros desenvolvimentos. / Regarding the evaluation of building systems, the analysis of existing buildings environmental certification systems reveals that there are few tools to evaluate environmental performance objectively and holistically through Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) predominating the product attributes recognition and thus losing the global perspective of impacts. Among the main difficulties encountered in the application of LCA in building systems, lies the lack of inventory data available for building systems in the Brazilian scene, which makes the application of the methodology even more complex and time consuming. In the other hand, international databases provide a considerable amount of information, which are often used for studies addressing the Brazilian context. Thus, this research aimed to answer the following questions: a) whether collected for identical processes, the data available in the international validated databases would lead to results similar to those obtained by studies based on primary data collected in the Brazilian context? b) Are the impact assessment methodologies currently available able to fully and consistently evaluate the main potential impacts derived from the lifecycle of traditional building materials? Therefore, the objective of this research was to perform a sensitivity analysis of the results of a comparative LCA case study to the use of secondary data (provided by European databases) or primary data (collected in the Brazilian context), as well as the use of different Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methodologies, identifying the impact categories of most significant contribution in the evaluation of traditional construction systems, through the application of the methodology in a case study. The results showed that the geographic scope of the data sources and the choice among different LCIA methods are points of high sensitivity of LCA studies, which must be evaluated and described in detail to avoid misleading conclusions. Furthermore, the development of an LCIA category addressing impacts of mining activities was presented as the main demand for future developments.