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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Caracterização genômica de bvdv-1 subtipo i e vírus ‘HoBi’- like detectados no Brasil

Mósena, Ana Cristina Sbaraini January 2017 (has links)
O gênero Pestivirus, pertencente à família Flaviviridae, é constituído por espécies virais de importância na saúde animal no mundo todo, as quais podem afetar a economia dos países de forma impactante. São reconhecidas quatro espécies pelo Comitê Internacional de Taxonomia Viral (ICTV): vírus da peste suína clássica (Classical Swine Fever Virus – CSFV), vírus da doença da fronteira (Border Disease Virus- BDV), vírus da diarreia viral bovina tipo 1 (Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 1- BVDV-1) e 2 (BVDV-2). Algumas das espécies deste gênero- CSFV e BVDV- são de notificação obrigatória na Organização Mundial de Saúde Animal (OIE), causando sanções econômicas importantes quando presentes. Recentemente, possíveis novas espécies vêm sendo caracterizadas, porém ainda não foram reconhecidas como espécies do gênero Pestivirus. Com o objetivo de gerar mais informações acerca da diversidade genética de pestivírus no país, o presente trabalho descreve os genomas completos e a caracterização genômica e filogenética de uma cepa de BVDV-1 subtipo i e duas de vírus ‘HoBi’-like. Os genomas completos foram obtidos através de sequenciamento de nova geração; as anotações, predição da poliproteína viral e dos sítios de clivagem foram feitos através do software Geneious, e a análise filogenética foi realizada através do software MEGA 6. O BVDV-1 subtipo i foi pela primeira vez isolado no Brasil, sendo também a primeira descrição de genoma completo deste subtipo de BVDV. Também foi descrito o genoma completo de duas cepas de vírus ‘HoBi’-like isolados no Brasil, além da caracterização de outras cepas de ‘HoBi’-like disponíveis em bancos de dados. Os dados moleculares destes isolados foram comparados com aqueles das demais espécies do gênero Pestivirus, e estas informações deverão auxiliar na futura classificação deste como espécie. Os resultados apresentados na dissertação adicionam conhecimento sobre a diversidade genética de BVDV-1 no Brasil além de informações acerca do vírus ‘HoBi’-like, reforçando esta espécie ainda não reconhecida como um novo membro do gênero Pestivirus, os ‘HoBi’-like vírus. / The genus Pestivirus, within the family Flaviviridae, includes species that are important pathogens affecting animal health that can cause impacting losses in the economy worldwide. According to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Virus (ICTV), there are four recognized species in this genus: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus1 and 2 (BVDV -1, BVDV-2), and Border disease virus (BDV). Some of the species within this genus - CSFV and BVDV- are notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), and can cause exportation barriers or sanctions. Other putative new species have been characterized recently, but remain officially unrecognized. In order to generate data about the genetic diversity of pestivirus in Brazil, this study describes complete genomes and the genomic and phylogenetic characterization of an isolate of BVDV-1i and two isolates of ‘HoBi’-like virus. Complete genomes were sequenced through Next Generation Sequencing; genome annotations, polyprotein prediction and identification of cleavage sites were performed with software Geneious, and phylogenetic analysis with software MEGA 6. BVDV-1 subtype i was found in Brazil for the first time, and this is the first complete genome ever characterized for this subtype. Two strains of ‘HoBi-like’ virus isolated in Brazil were also described and characterized together with other ‘HoBi’-like strains available in databases. The molecular data obtained for these isolates were compared to those of other Pestivirus species. These data can help in future classification of these ‘HoBi’-like strains as a new recognized species. The knowledge on genetic diversity and the characterization of pestiviruses can contribute with surveillance programs and with appropriate animal health measures to control these viral diseases.
42

Análise filogenética de pestivírus isolados entre 1995 e 2014 no Brasil

Silveira, Simone January 2015 (has links)
A bovinocultura é um dos destaques do agronegócio brasileiro no cenário mundial, uma vez que o País tem o maior rebanho bovino comercial do mundo e é o maior exportador de carne bovina. Para manter e melhorar a competitividade no mercado internacional é fundamental o monitoramento da sanidade animal e a aplicação de programas sanitários adequados e eficientes, especialmente em relação às doenças virais que causam grande impacto na produtividade. As infecções em bovinos causadas por pestivírus resultam em grandes perdas econômicas em todo mundo. Estas podem variar de subclínicas até fatais e pode envolver sinais clínicos respiratórios, reprodutivos e digestivos. As espécies virais pertencentes à família Flaviviridae, gênero Pestivirus, que causam estas infecções são: vírus da diarreia viral bovina tipo 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV tipo 2 (BVDV-2) e vírus da doença da fronteira (BDV), além de um pestivírus atípico, o vírus Hobi-like. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar filogeneticamente isolados de pestivírus detectados no Brasil entre 1995 e 2014. Para isso, 89 isolados de pestivírus foram amplificadas por RT-PCR, sequenciadas e analisadas filogeneticamente em três regiões genômicas, região 5’ não traduzida (5’UTR), autoprotease N terminal (Npro) e glicoproteína 2 (E2). Estes isolados eram provenientes de amostras biológicas de bovinos, soro fetal bovino e de cultivos celulares contaminados, de seis estados brasileiros (PB, PR, MS, MT, RS, SC). No total, 53,9% das sequências foram identificadas como BVDV-1, 33,7% como BVDV-2 e 12,3% como vírus Hobi-like. Os subgenótipos predominantes foram BVDV-1a (35,9%) e BVDV-2b (31,4%), porém, BVDV-1b (10,1%), 1d (6,7%), 2c (2,2%) e 1e (1,1%) também foram identificados. O BVDV-1e e 2c foram descritos pela primeira vez no Brasil. Estes resultados poderão contribuir para o desenvolvimento de vacinas e testes de diagnósticos mais eficazes, visando futuros programas de controle e erradicação destes vírus no País. / The livestock is one of the highlights of Brazilian agribusiness in the world scenario. Since Brazil has the world’s largest commercial cattle population and is the largest beef exporter. To maintain and improve the competitiveness in the international market, is essential to monitor the animal health and the application of appropriate and efficient disease control programs, especially in relation to viral diseases, which cause major impact on productivity. Infection caused by pestiviruses in cattle results in great economic losses worldwide. It can vary from subclinical to fatal, and may involve respiratory, reproductive and digestive clinical signs. The viral species belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Pestivirus, that are the bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV type 2 (BVDV-2) and border disease virus (BDV), and one atypical pestivirus, the Hobi-like virus. The aim of this study was to phylogenetically characterize pestiviruses detected in Brazil between 1995 and 2014. For this, 89 pestivirus isolates were amplified by RT-PCR, sequencing and phylogenetically analyzed in three genomic regions, 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR), N terminal autoprotease (Npro) and envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2). These isolates were from biological samples of cattle, fetal bovine serum and contaminated cell cultures from six Brazilian Federal States (PB, PR, MS, MT, RS, SC). In total, 53.9% sequences were identified as BVDV-1, 33.7% as BVDV-2 and 12.3% as Hobi-like viruses. The predominant subgenotypes were BVDV-1a (35.9%) and BVDV-2b (31.4%). Furthermore, BVDV-1b (10.1%), 1d (6.7%), 2c (2.2%) and 1e (1.1%) were also identified. The BVDV-1e and 2c were described for the first time in Brazil. These results will contribute for the development of more efficient vaccines and diagnostic tests, aiming future pestivirus control and eradication programs in Brazil.
43

Análise filogenética de pestivírus isolados entre 1995 e 2014 no Brasil

Silveira, Simone January 2015 (has links)
A bovinocultura é um dos destaques do agronegócio brasileiro no cenário mundial, uma vez que o País tem o maior rebanho bovino comercial do mundo e é o maior exportador de carne bovina. Para manter e melhorar a competitividade no mercado internacional é fundamental o monitoramento da sanidade animal e a aplicação de programas sanitários adequados e eficientes, especialmente em relação às doenças virais que causam grande impacto na produtividade. As infecções em bovinos causadas por pestivírus resultam em grandes perdas econômicas em todo mundo. Estas podem variar de subclínicas até fatais e pode envolver sinais clínicos respiratórios, reprodutivos e digestivos. As espécies virais pertencentes à família Flaviviridae, gênero Pestivirus, que causam estas infecções são: vírus da diarreia viral bovina tipo 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV tipo 2 (BVDV-2) e vírus da doença da fronteira (BDV), além de um pestivírus atípico, o vírus Hobi-like. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar filogeneticamente isolados de pestivírus detectados no Brasil entre 1995 e 2014. Para isso, 89 isolados de pestivírus foram amplificadas por RT-PCR, sequenciadas e analisadas filogeneticamente em três regiões genômicas, região 5’ não traduzida (5’UTR), autoprotease N terminal (Npro) e glicoproteína 2 (E2). Estes isolados eram provenientes de amostras biológicas de bovinos, soro fetal bovino e de cultivos celulares contaminados, de seis estados brasileiros (PB, PR, MS, MT, RS, SC). No total, 53,9% das sequências foram identificadas como BVDV-1, 33,7% como BVDV-2 e 12,3% como vírus Hobi-like. Os subgenótipos predominantes foram BVDV-1a (35,9%) e BVDV-2b (31,4%), porém, BVDV-1b (10,1%), 1d (6,7%), 2c (2,2%) e 1e (1,1%) também foram identificados. O BVDV-1e e 2c foram descritos pela primeira vez no Brasil. Estes resultados poderão contribuir para o desenvolvimento de vacinas e testes de diagnósticos mais eficazes, visando futuros programas de controle e erradicação destes vírus no País. / The livestock is one of the highlights of Brazilian agribusiness in the world scenario. Since Brazil has the world’s largest commercial cattle population and is the largest beef exporter. To maintain and improve the competitiveness in the international market, is essential to monitor the animal health and the application of appropriate and efficient disease control programs, especially in relation to viral diseases, which cause major impact on productivity. Infection caused by pestiviruses in cattle results in great economic losses worldwide. It can vary from subclinical to fatal, and may involve respiratory, reproductive and digestive clinical signs. The viral species belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Pestivirus, that are the bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV type 2 (BVDV-2) and border disease virus (BDV), and one atypical pestivirus, the Hobi-like virus. The aim of this study was to phylogenetically characterize pestiviruses detected in Brazil between 1995 and 2014. For this, 89 pestivirus isolates were amplified by RT-PCR, sequencing and phylogenetically analyzed in three genomic regions, 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR), N terminal autoprotease (Npro) and envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2). These isolates were from biological samples of cattle, fetal bovine serum and contaminated cell cultures from six Brazilian Federal States (PB, PR, MS, MT, RS, SC). In total, 53.9% sequences were identified as BVDV-1, 33.7% as BVDV-2 and 12.3% as Hobi-like viruses. The predominant subgenotypes were BVDV-1a (35.9%) and BVDV-2b (31.4%). Furthermore, BVDV-1b (10.1%), 1d (6.7%), 2c (2.2%) and 1e (1.1%) were also identified. The BVDV-1e and 2c were described for the first time in Brazil. These results will contribute for the development of more efficient vaccines and diagnostic tests, aiming future pestivirus control and eradication programs in Brazil.
44

Pathogens affecting the reproductive system of camels in the United Arab Emirates : with emphasis on Brucella abortus, Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus and Bovine Herpes Virus-1: a serological survey in the Al-Ain region /

Hassan Taha, Tariq, January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M. Sc.) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2007.
45

Epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhoea virus and bovine herpesvirus type1 infections in dairy cattle herds : evidence of self-clearance and detection of infection with a new atypical pestivirus /

Kampa, Jaruwan, January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
46

Novel diagnostic microarray assay formats towards comprehensive on-site analysis

Gantelius, Jesper January 2009 (has links)
Advances in molecular methods for analyzing DNA, RNA and proteins in humans as well as in other animals, plants, fungi, bacteria or viruses have greatly increased the resolution with which we can study life’s complexity and dynamics on earth. While genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic laboratory tools for molecular diagnosis of disease are rapidly becoming more comprehensive, the access to such advanced yet often expensive and centralized procedures is limited. There is a great need for rapid and comprehensive diagnostic methods in low-resource settings or contexts where a person can not or will not go to a hospital or medical laboratory, yet where a clinical analysis is urgent. In this thesis, results from development and characterization of novel technologies for DNA and protein microarray analysis are presented. Emphasis is on methods that could provide rapid, cost-effective and portable analysis with convenient readout and retained diagnostic accuracy. The first study presents a magnetic bead-based approach for DNA microarray analysis for a rapid visual detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms. In the second work, magnetic beads were used as detection reagents for rapid differential detection of presence of pestiviral family members using a DNA oligonucleotide microarray with read-out by means of a tabletop scanner or a digital camera. In paper three, autoimmune responses from human sera were detected on a protein autoantigen microarray, again by means of magnetic bead analysis. Here, special emphasis was made in comprehensively comparing the performance of the magnetic bead detection to common fluorescence-based detection. In the fourth study, an immunochromatographic lateral flow protein microarray assay is presented for application in the classification of contagious pleuropneumonia from bovine serum samples. The analysis could be performed within 10 minutes using a table top scanner, and the performance of the assay was shown to be comparable to that of a cocktail ELISA. In the fifth paper, the lateral flow microarray framework is investigated in further detail by means of experiments and numerical simulation. It was found that downstream effects play an important role, and the results further suggest that the downstream binding profiles may find use in simple affinity evaluation. / QC 20100713
47

Epidemiology and eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infections : studies on transmission and prenatal diagnosis of persistent infection /

Lindberg, Ann, January 2002 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2002. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

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