Com o aparecimento crescente de diferentes formulações cosméticas a base de dimetilaminoetanol (DMAE) e seus diferentes sais, faz-se necessário desenvolvimento e validação de métodos analíticos para serem empregados controle de qualidade, tanto dos produtos acabados quanto das matérias-primas. O objetivo principal deste trabalho de pesquisa é propor duas metodologias analíticas (ressonância magnética nuclear 1H e eletroforese capilar) como ferramentas no controle de qualidade destes produtos Discutem-se também as técnicas de caracterização de matérias-primas contendo DMAE, bem como resultados obtidos em estudo de estabilidade acelerado. O método por ressonância magnética nuclear 1H foi validado usando água deuterada (amostras contendo DMAE bitartarato e DMAE base) dimetilsulfoxido (amostras contendo DMAE acetoamidobenzoato) como solventes. Os resultados obtidos foram confiáveis para todas as características de desempenho avaliadas na validação. Entre a desvantagem do metodo pode ser destacada a limitação do uso desta técnica nas amostras em creme e gel-creme. O método eletroforético foi completamente validado. Não foram observadas interferências e todos os parâmetros avaliados foram satisfatórios. Este método é simples e não requer tratamentos trabalhosos no preparo das amostras. Entre as vantagens do método destacam-se o pouco impacto ambiental e economia. O estudo de estabilidade acelerado não mostrou mudanças significativas em relação ao teor, porém, nas condições mais drásticas foram observadas mudanças em coloração e viscosidade aparente. / With the increasing amount of different cosmetic formulations containing dimetilaminoetanol (DMAE) and its salts, it is necessary to develop and validate analytical methods to be employed in the quality control of the active substances and commercial products. The primary purpose of this research to propose two analytical methodologies (nuclear magnetic resonance 1H and capillary electrophoresis) as tools to be used in the quality control of these products. It were also performed analysis for characterization of raw materials and stability studies of too cosmetic preparations. The nuclear magnetic resonance 1H method has been validated using deuterium oxide (for samples containing DMAE bitartrate and DMAE base) and DMSQ-d6 (for samples containing DMAE acetamidobenzoate) as solvents. The results were reliable for all the characteristics of performance evaluated in the validation. Nevertheless, the disadvantage of this method is the limited use this technique in the analysis of creams and gel-creams. The electrophoretic method has been fully validated. No interference was observed and all validation parameters evaluated were satisfactory. This method is simple and does not require laborious treatment for sample preparation. Among the advantages of this method is the little environmental impact and economics. The accelerated stability study showed no significant changes with regard to the content; the more drastic changes were observed in color and apparent viscosity.

Cada vez mais freqüente, a utilização de técnicas tradicionais da engenharia geotécnica depara-se com obstáculos de caráter econômico e ambiental. A técnica do solo-cimento tornase atrativa quando o melhoramento das propriedades do solo do local constitui-se em uma alternativa de projeto. A técnica de tratamento de solos com cimento encontra aplicação, por exemplo, na construção de bases para pavimentos, na proteção de taludes em barragens de terra, como camada de suporte para fundações superficiais, como remediação de solos contaminados e como barreiras de contenção de contaminantes. Desta forma, esta tese tem por objetivo analisar a influência da quantidade de cimento, da porosidade e da umidade de moldagem sobre o comportamento físico e químico de um solo argiloso artificialmente cimentado e contaminado. O programa experimental consiste em caracterizar os materiais utilizados, analisar fisicamente as misturas solo-cimento e solo-cimento-contaminante, através de ensaios de resistência à compressão simples, medidas de sucção e condutividade hidráulica. Quimicamente serão realizados ensaios de lixiviação em coluna e análises químicas e físico-químicas do lixiviado. Os resultados, quanto à caracterização, apresentam um material argiloso, oriundo de rochas riodacitos (riolito/dacito); quanto à resistência à compressão simples houve um aumento de resistência com o aumento da quantidade de cimento e com o aumento do peso especifico de compactação; quanto ao solo contaminado e cimentado ocorreu o mesmo comportamento, porém, com queda de resistência. A condutividade hidráulica obteve um decréscimo quando aumentado o peso especifico de moldagem, tanto para solo-cimento como para solo-cimento-contaminante. Para as análises químicas, a partir do ensaio de lixiviação, contatou-se redução de parâmetros de contaminação com a adição de cimento, principalmente com o aumento significativo do pH, devido ao aumento da quantidade de cimento. Concluiu-se que a quantidade de cimento e a diminuição da porosidade ocorrida pela maior densificação influenciam em ganho de resistência, à uma baixa permeabilidade e à uma baixa concentração de contaminante no lixiviado. / More and more the use of traditional techniques of the geotechnical engineering comes across obstacles of economic and environmental character. The technique of the soil-cement becomes attractive when the improvement of the properties of the local soil constituted in a project alternative. The technique of treatment of soils with cement finds application, for instance, in the construction of bases for pavements, in the protection of talus in land dams, as support layer for superficial foundations, as remediation of polluted soils and as barriers of contention of pollutants. This way, this theory has as objective to analyze the influence of the amount of cement, of the porosity and of the molding humidity over the physical and chemical behavior of a loamy soil artificially cemented and polluted. The experimental program consists of characterizing the used materials, to analyze the mixtures soil-cement and soil-cement-pollutant physically, through resistance samples to the simple compression, suction measures and hydraulic conductivity. The lixiviation samples will be chemically accomplished in column and chemical and physiochemical analyses of the lixiviated. The results, according to the characterization, present a loamy material, originating from rocks rhyodacite (rhyolite/dacite); according to the resistance to the simple compression there was a resistance increase with the rise of the amount of cement and with the increase of the weight specific of compaction; as for the polluted soil and cemented happened the same behavior, however, with resistance fall. The hydraulic conductivity suffered a decrease when increased the specific weight of molding, for soil-cement and for soil-cement-pollutant. (Continue For the chemical analyses, starting from the lixiviation samples, it was reached a reduction of parameters of contamination with the cement addition, mainly with the significant increase of the pH, due to the increase of the amount of cement. It was concluded that the amount of cement and the decrease of the porosity happened by the largest densification influence in resistance adding, as well as they provide a low permeability and a low pollutant concentration in the lixiviated. / Cada vez más la utilización de técnicas tradicionales de la ingeniería geotécnica se depara con obstáculos de carácter económico y ambiental. La técnica del suelo-cemento se vuelve atractiva cuando el mejoramiento de las propiedades del suelo local se constituye en una alternativa de proyecto. La técnica de tratamiento de suelos con cemento encuentra aplicación, por ejemplo, en la construcción de bases para pavimentos, en la protección de taludes, en presas de tierra, como camada de soporte para fundaciones superficiales, como remediación de suelos contaminados y como barreras de contención de contaminantes. Esta tesis tiene por objetivo analizar la influencia de la cantidad de cemento, de la porosidad y de la humedad del molde, sobre el comportamiento físico y químico de un suelo arcilloso artificialmente cementado y contaminado. El programa experimental consiste en caracterizar los materiales utilizados, analizar físicamente las mezclas suelo-cemento y suelo-cementocontaminante a través de ensayos de resistencia a compresión simple, medidas de succión y conductividad hidráulica. Químicamente serán realizados ensayos de lixiviación en columna y análisis químicos y físico-químicos del lixiviado. Los resultados, con respecto a la caracterización, presentan un material arcilloso, oriundo de rocas riodacitos (riolito/dacito). En cuanto a la resistencia el aumento de la misma es directamente proporcional al aumento de la cantidad de cemento y del peso especifico de compactación, referente al suelo contaminado y cementado ocurrió el mismo comportamiento, pero con disminución de resistencia. La conductividad hidráulica obtuvo una reducción cuando se produjo el aumento del peso específico, tanto para suelo-cemento como para suelo-cemento-contaminante. Para los análisis químicos, a partir del ensayo de lixiviación, se constato reducción de parámetros de contaminación con la adición de cemento, principalmente con el aumento significativo del pH. Se concluyó que la cantidad de cemento y la disminución de la porosidad ocurrida por l mayor compampactacion influencio en el aumento de resistencia, asi como porporciono baja permeabilidad y baja concentración de contaminante en el lixiviado.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-10-02T13:17:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IVÂNIA LUÍZA BARBACENA.pdf: 807552 bytes, checksum: 31474085bccd3d0c3588bc5bb5091910 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T13:17:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IVÂNIA LUÍZA BARBACENA.pdf: 807552 bytes, checksum: 31474085bccd3d0c3588bc5bb5091910 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-28 / A study of parameters that act on water quality in micro-watershed dug ponds is important because it enables a holistic approach aimed to promote better activity management and provide considerable information about the ecosystems involved. The aim of this study was to quantify physical and chemical parameters of water in dug ponds (small dams and tanks) of fish within a micro-watershed during a diurnal cycle. The field work was performed at days 08, 13, 18 and 23 of July 2009 in a small catchment of the Rio dos Bois, in the municipality of Cezarina, State of Goiás. The sampling occurred over a period of 24 hours with the collection every 6 hours in two different sites: the upstream and downstream of the ponds. To characterize the water quality parameters it was analyzed: weather temperature, water temperature, transparency, ammonia, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and orthophosphate. Comparing the parameters of water quality upstream and downstream of the ponds in the study, the figures show that there was no statistically significant differences ( > 0.05) between the points for the variable ambient temperature, water temperature, transparency, ammonia, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen and orthophosphate and showed a statistically significant ( <0.05) for the parameter pH. To optimize culture conditions, we suggest some techniques of Good Management Practices (GMP) adopted in aquaculture. / O estudo de parâmetros que atuam na qualidade da água em viveiros escavados em uma microbacia é importante porque permite uma visão holística direcionada no sentido de promover o melhor gerenciamento para a atividade bem como fornecer informações consideráveis a respeito dos ecossistemas aquáticos envolvidos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar quantitativamente parâmetros físicos e químicos da água em viveiros escavados (pequenas represas e tanques) de piscicultura dentro da microbacia rio dos Bois no município de Cezarina/GO ,durante um ciclo nictemeral. Os trabalhos de campo foram realizados nos dias 08, 13, 18 e 23 do mês de julho de 2009. A amostragem ocorreu em um período de 24 horas com coletas a cada 6 horas para coincidir as maiores e as menores temperaturas durante o dia e foram em dois pontos distintos: a montante e a jusante dos viveiros. Para caracterizar a qualidade da água foram analisados através de kits comerciais para análise de água doce, os parâmetros: temperatura do ambiente, temperatura da água, transparência, amônia, dureza, alcalinidade, oxigênio dissolvido, pH e ortofosfato. Comparando os parâmetros de qualidade da água de montante e jusante dos viveiros em estudo, os valores revelam que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas ( >0,05) entre os pontos para as variáveis temperatura do ambiente, temperatura da água, transparência, amônia, dureza, alcalinidade, oxigênio dissolvido e ortofosfato e que apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa ( <0,05) para o parâmetro pH. Para otimizar as condições de cultivo, sugere-se algumas técnicas de Boas Práticas de Manejo (BPM) adotadas em aquicultura.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate some of the physico-chemical properties of a new root canal sealer. Methodology: The sealers tested were Sealer Plus (MKLife, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), compared as AH Plus (Dentsply, DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Alemanha). For the radiopacity, flow, solubility and fabrication of test specimens relative to setting times the ANSI/ADA No. 57 (2000) and ISO 6876 (2012) specifications were followed. To measure the initial and final setting times the ASTM C266/2008 standard was used. pH was evaluated in the time intervals of 3, 24, 72 and 168 hours). Statistical tests were applied to the results obtained at a level of significance of 5%. Results: The results demonstrated that the Sealer Plus sealer showed a lower radiopacity value than AH Plus sealer (p<0.05), however, this was higher than the minimum value recommended by the specifications; that is 3 mm Al. Relative to flow, the value for Sealer Plus was 19.19 mm and for AH Plus, 19.81 mm (p>0.05). Sealer plus presented initial and final setting times of 138 min. and 210 min., respectively, while the values for AH Plus were 437 min. and 849 min., respectively, (p<0.05). Relative to solubility, Sealer Plus presented 0.21% and AH Plus, 0.27% (p>0.05). None of the sealers showed a significant increase in pH (p>0.05). Conclusion: Sealer Plus sealer presented physico-chemical properties in accordance with ANSI/ADA (2000) No.57 and ISO 6876 (2012) specifications. / Introdução: Este estudo objetivou avaliar algumas propriedades físico-químicas de um novo cimento obturador de canais radiculares. Metodologia: Para os testes de radiopacidade, escoamento, solubilidade e confecção dos corpos de prova para os tempos de presa foram seguidas as especificações nº57 da ANSI/ADA (2000) e ISO 6876 (2012). Para a medição dos tempos de presa, inicial e final, foi empregada a norma ASTM C266/2008. O pH foi avaliado nos períodos de 3, 24, 72 e 168 horas. Sobre os resultados foram aplicados testes estatísticos com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que o cimento Sealer Plus apresentou menor radiopacidade do que o cimento AH Plus (p<0.05), porém, superior ao mínimo recomendado pelas especificações, ou seja, de 3 mm de Al. Com relação ao escoamento, o do Sealer Plus foi 19,19 mm e do AH Plus 19,81 mm (p>0.05). O Sealer Plus apresentou tempos de presa inicial e final de 138 min. e 210 min., respectivamente, enquanto o AH Plus, 437 min. e 849 min., respectivamente, (p<0.05). Em relação à solubilidade, o Sealer Plus apresentou 0,21% e o AH Plus 0,27% (p>0.05). Nenhum dos cimentos apresentou aumento significativo do pH (p>0.05). Conclusão: O cimento Sealer Plus apresentou propriedades físico-químicas de acordo com as especificações nº 57 da ANSI/ADA (2000) e ISO 6876 (2012).

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T14:38:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marines.pdf: 1227671 bytes, checksum: 6829c077e81b61a29aef8f5f3fd0fc79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-23 / Neste estudo foi avaliada a qualidade da água do rio Cascavel, município de Cascavel, Paraná, utilizando indicadores microbiológicos, físicos e químicos de poluição e a suscetibilidade/resistência das cepas de Escherichia coli isoladas aos antimicrobianos comerciais. As amostragens de água foram realizadas entre julho-2010 e junho-2011, em três pontos: a) próximo a nascente; b) área urbana; c) área rural. As amostras foram analisadas quanto aos parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos: temperatura, pH, cor, turbidez, condutividade elétrica, nitrogênio total e fósforo total, coliformes totais (CT), coliformes termotolerantes (CTe) e Escherichia coli. Foram realizados também testes de resistência a nove antimicrobianos comerciais. Os parâmetros estudados indicaram que a água do rio Cascavel apresenta-se em desacordo com a legislação nacional vigente, classificando-se como regular no índice de qualidade de água. As variáveis físicas, químicas e a precipitação não influenciaram o crescimento de CT e CTe, sendo maiores as contagens de E. coli na área urbana. Os maiores perfis de resistência das cepas de E. coli isoladas das águas do rio Cascavel foram encontrados no ponto 2, área urbana, como provável consequência da influência humana sobre a qualidade da água.

Chemotherapy is one of the common treatments in cancer therapy. The effectiveness of chemotherapy is limited by several factors one of which is the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR). MDR is caused by the activity of diverse ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters that pump drugs out of the cells. There are several drugs which have been used in treatment of cancer. One of them is doxorubicin that intercalates and inhibits DNA replication. However, doxorubicin has been found to cause development of MDR in tumors. It has been reported that there is a correlation between multidrug resistance and invasiveness of cancer cells. Vimentin is a type III intermediate filament protein that is expressed frequently in epithelial carcinomas correlating with invasiveness and also poor prognosis of cancer. There are several studies that have shown the connection between expression level of vimentin and invasiveness. In this study, MCF-7 cell line (MCF-7/S), which is a model cell line for human mammary carcinoma, and doxorubicin resistant MCF-7 cell line (MCF-7/Dox) were used. The resistant cell line was previously obtained by stepwise selection in our laboratory. The main purpose of this study was to investigate changes of metastatic behaviour in MCF-7/Dox cell line, after transient silencing of vimentin gene by siRNA. In conclusion, down-regulation of vimentin gene expression in MCF-7/Dox cell lines was expected to change the characteristics in migration and invasiveness shown by migration and invasion assays.

Introduction. At low temperature the preservation of foodstuffs is one of the best ways of their storage and therefore this method is widely used in meat industry. The low temperature suppresses the activity of microorganisms and tissue ferments. Therefore the meat preserved by freezing keeps for a long time its initial properties and there are only minimal changes of food value and taste. At low temperature the activity of ferments slows down but does not stop. Work object. The work object is the determination of the change of physical-chemical properties of meat during freezing and keeping in - 180 C and - 860 C temperature. Work methodics. The research as fulfilled at the laboratory of the evaluation of the cattle meat properties and the meat quality. For the rersearch taken 14 Lithuanian white pig meat samples the mean weight of which was 500 g. were taken. They were put into special freezing bags and were frozen at temperature -180 C, and -860 C. Before freezing it the physical-chemical properties of the meat were determined. Two examples from each meat samples were researched. The determination of the physical-chemical properties of the meat was fulfilled every month. Also were was taken 6 Lithuanian white pig meat samples the mean weight of which was 500 g. Before freezing it the physical-chemical properties of the meat were determined. After that was made green tea extract, 500 ml. Water ant 50 g tea. All extract was inject in to the meat samples. They were put... [to full text]

Žuvininkystė Lietuvoje turi gilias tradicijas. Tai viena seniausių verslo krypčių, todėl rūpinantis jos plėtra vis didesnis dėmesys telkiamas akvakultūrai, kuri užtikrina įvairių žuvų rūšių išteklių išsaugojimą. Lietuvai tapus ES nare, žuvininkystės plėtros galimybės tapo kur kas didesnės (tą lėmė rinkos laisvė, didelė prekybos erdvė). Žuvininkystei didelis dėmesys buvo telkiamas 2007-2013 m. žuvininkystės sektoriaus programoje. Taip pat svarbu paminėti, kad Lietuvoje įkurtas tarptautinio akvakultūros centro padalinys. Visa tai tik įrodo pakankamą akvakultūros reikšmę Lietuvos versle. Tad šiandien yra labai aktualu analizuoti, kokios yra akvakultūros vystymo galimybės, ekonominė nauda, kokios reikalingos veisimo sąlygos. Atsižvelgiant į tai, šiame darbe didelis dėmesys skiriamas analizuojamo žuvininkystės ūkio UAB „Vasaknos“ žuvų auginimo ypatumams, ekonominių duomenų analizei bei vandens fizinių ir cheminių savybių tyrimams bei jų analizei. Darbo tikslas: išanalizuoti lašišinių ir eršketinių žuvų auginimo ypatumus žuvininkystės ūkyje UAB „Vasaknos“ bei pateikti šio ūkio ekonominių rodiklių ir tvenkinių, saugyklų ir baseino vandens fizinių, cheminių savybių analizę. Darbo uždaviniai: 1) apibrėžti akvakultūros svarbą ir jos perspektyvas Lietuvos žuvininkystėje; 2) išnagrinėti lašišinių bei eršketinių žuvų rūšių ypatybes; 3) išanalizuoti lašišinių bei eršketinių žuvų auginimo ypatumus; 4) išanalizuoti 2010-2012 m. ekonominius rodiklius UAB „Vasaknos“; 5) ištirti UAB „Vasaknos“... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Fishery has rich traditions in Lithuania. It is one of the oldest branches of the business, so a growing attention for the aquaculture as for a tool for protecting various kinds of fishes’ resources is being paid at the moment. The possibilities of fishery development have increased significantly after Lithuania has become the member of EU – this is a result of market’s freedom and a bigger space of trading. A big attention for the development of the fishery has been paid in the Programme of the Fishery Sector for 2007-2013. Also it is important to notice that a Department of the International Centre of Aquaculture was established in Lithuania recently by showing the understanding of the importance of aquaculture in the Lithuania’s business field. In respect to this, it is very important today to analyse the possibilities of aquaculture development, its economical benefit as well as the conditions of fishes breeding. So in this Masters’ thesis a big attention is being paid for the peculiarities of fishes raising in the fishery farm UAB “Vasaknos” as well as for analysis of economical data of this farm and for the research of the physical and chemical characteristics of the farm’s ponds’ water. The aim of the thesis: to analyze the peculiarities of the salmon and sturgeon fishes raising in the fishery farm UAB “Vasaknos” as well as provide the analysis of the economical characteristics of this farm’s activity and physical and chemical characteristics of the farm’s ponds’... [to full text]

In recent years bleaching of vital teeth has become popular among both dentist and patients. Different bleaching agents were used for this purpose. They are either applied professionally at high dose (office bleaching) or by patient at lower dose (home bleaching). In the present work we studied the effects of a high concentration bleaching agent (35% hydrogen peroxide), and a low concentration bleaching agent (17% carbamide peroxide) on human enamel and dentin using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopic Technique. The OH stretching band of hydroxyapatite at 3567 cm-1 appeared in the spectra of enamel tissue which was absent in dentin. Carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide treatment induced some differences in enamel and dentin spectra according to control group spectra. While the treatment of hydrogen peroxide leaded to significant decrease in mineral to matrix ratio, carbamide peroxide treatment did not cause decrease in this level. In addition, organic components of the teeth were changed after the treatment of bleaching agents. The frequency of the Amide A and Amide I bands were significantly changed for enamel tissue after the treatment of high concentration bleaching agent. However, it is observed that these changes result from two different bleaching methods are negligible in dentin tissue. In conclusion it can be stated that hydrogen peroxide treatment caused dramatic changes in enamel structure according to carbamide peroxide treatment, but two methods did not cause significant changes in dentin tissue.

The main purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the cooperative learning based on conceptual change conditions and traditionally designed science instruction on 7th grade students&rsquo / understanding of chemical and physical changes and classification of matter concepts and attitudes toward science as a school subject. In this study 102 seventh grade students from four classes of a Science Course instructed by the two teachers from ODT&Uuml / G.V. &Ouml / zel ilk&ouml / gretim Okulu took part. One of the classes of each teacher was randomly assigned as experimental group, which were instructed with cooperative learning based on conceptual change conditions and the other classes were assigned as control group, which were instructed traditionally. This study was conducted during the 2004-2005 fall semester over a period of four weeks. In this study, to examine the effect of the treatment on dependent variables / science achievement related to chemical and physical changes and classification of matter concepts measured with Classification and Changes of Matter Concepts Test, and science attitude scores measured with Attitude Scale Toward Science as a school subject. Science Process Skills Test was used at the beginning of the study to determine students&rsquo / science process skills. ANCOVA and ANOVA were used testing the hypotheses of the study. The results showed that the cooperative learning based on conceptual change conditions group had a significantly higher scores with respect to achievement related to chemical and physical changes and classification of matter concepts than the traditionally designed science instruction group. However, there is no significant difference between the mean scores of cooperative learning based on conceptual change conditions group and traditionally designed science instruction group with respect to attitudes toward science as a school subject. Science process skills were a strong predictor for the achievement related to chemical and physical changes and classification of matter concepts. It may be useful to use the results of this study and instruments and strategies developed for this study for classroom teachers in order to help students to reduce or eliminate their misconceptions.