The purpose was to examine the effect of body mass and body composition on the mean power output in the 30 second Wingate cycling test at five resistance settings. Forty females (X = 22 years), were divided into four groups based on body mass and the sum of five skinfolds. The Wingate test was performed at the resistance settings of 0.075, 0.080, 0.085, 0.090, and 0.095 kp/kg body weight. A 3-way ANOVA (mass, skinfolds, resistance settings) indicated that: (1) mean power (W/kg) was similar for low and high mass groups; (2) the low sum of skinfolds group had a significantly higher (p $<$ 0.02) mean power output than the high sum of skinfolds group; and (3) at resistance settings of 0.080, 0.085, 0.090, and 0.095 (kp/kg) the low sum of skinfolds group had a higher (p $<$ 0.05) mean power score than the high sum of skinfolds group at equivalent resistance settings.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to describe, using time motion analysis and heart rate telemetry, the intensity and movement characteristics in rock wall and ropes course activities. Twenty elementary school children were divided into high and low strength groups based on their performance of a 1 repetition maximal (1 RM) bench press test. Each student was required to complete the rock wall and ropes course circuit which consisted of 12 climbing related segments. Results revealed that the mean heart rate intensity for the entire circuit was 80.6% over a mean duration of 36 minutes 20 seconds. The high strength group had a lower mean heart rate and a shorter duration for the entire circuit. The correlation between predicted V02 max and total duration was moderate (r = $-$0.39), suggesting that aerobic fitness level influenced performance.

The purpose of this study was to examine power output and fatigue from power-time curves of cycle ergometer and isokinetic dynamometer tests. Fifteen physically active female university athletes performed a 45 s cycle ergometer test at resistances of 0.075, 0.085, and 0.095 kp/kg bw, as well as a 45 s and a 3 repetition isokinetic flexion and extension test at velocities of 60, 180, and 300$ sp circ$/s. Results revealed that peak power, mean power (W and W/kg), and fatigue (W/kg) were highest at the 0.095 kp/kg bw resistance and lowest at the 0.075 kp/kg bw resistance. Significant differences among the three cycle ergometer conditions existed for peak power, mean power, and fatigue. Peak power and mean power (W and W/kg) were highest at 300$ sp circ$/s and lowest at 60$ sp circ$/s. Results revealed significant differences among the isokinetic dynamometer conditions for peak and mean power. Mean power output (W) was significantly correlated (range of r = 0.56 to r = 0.74) for the cycle ergometer and the isokinetic dynamometer test conditions.

No description available.

Twelve middle aged men and women (23-59 years) participated in twelve weeks (36 sessions) of endurance swim training at an approximate intensity of 75% maximum heart rate (Karvonen Method) (14). This training resulted in improved cardiorespiratory fitness as evidenced by a significant (9.4%) increase in mean maximal oxygen uptake (liters/ min.) and a significant bradycardial response during submaximal walking. Subjects lost significant amounts of subcutaneous body fat, as measured by skinfold calipers, but experienced very little change in absolute body weight (.1 kg.) suggesting an increase in muscle weight. Data from the submaximal walking test, administered after each 12 session period of training, showed a nonlinear decline in heart rate throughout training. This, possibly, was in response to an accumulating fatigue factor brought on by a rapid increase in the amount of total work that the subjects were doing during the middle stage of training.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the reliability and validity of VO2max estimates from the ACSM submaximal cycle ergometer test compared to a maximal cycle ergometer test. Thirty healthy male and female subjects aged 21-54 volunteered for this study. Each subject performed a maximal cycle ergometer test and two ACSM submaximal cycle ergometer tests. At least 48 hours elapsed between the maximal test and the first submaximal test while at least 24 hours elapsed between the two submaximal tests. Heart rates were recorded from a radio telemetry monitor and from 15 second palpation of the radial artery. A trained technician performed all palpations and was blinded from the telemetry monitor during testing to eliminate any bias. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated by extrapolatingrate for each submaximal trial. To determine inter-test radio telemetry monitor (MON), to an age predicted maximal heart reliability between submaximal trials, correlational analysis andt-test were performed. A correlation of r= .863 and r= .767 were found between the two trials for MON V02max and PALP VO2max respectively. Paired t-test revealed no significant difference (p< .01) between MON V02max 1 and MON VO2max 2 or between PALP V02max 1 and PALP VO2max 2. Although there were no significant differences between trials, the mean data was often not indicative of the individual data since there were 8 MON VO2max cases and 19 PALP VO2max cases where VO2max estimates varied by > 0.5 L/min. There were significant differences between all V02max estimates when compared to measured VO2max and mean percent error in estimates for MON VO2max and PALP VO2max were 25.7% and 33.8%, respectively. The mean error of MON VO2max 1 and MON VO2max 2 were .61 and .63 L/min, respectively. The mean error for PALP VO2max 1 and PALP VO2max 2 were somewhat higher at .90 and .73 L/min, respectively. The present data indicates that a large error is present in VO2max estimates between trials and between measured and estimated VO2max. Therefore, caution must be used when interpreting VO2max estimates from the ACSM submaximal cycle ergometer test. / School of Physical Education

There is no abstract available for this thesis.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of recovery modes and exercise durations on blood lactate concentrations and subsequent performance in cycling tests. Fourteen male subjects completed six randomly assigned experimental protocols with a combination of three durations and two modes of recovery (passive and active cycling at 45% VO$ sb{ rm 2 max}$). Each protocol consisted of eight bouts of cycling at 120% of VO$ sb{ rm 2 max}$ interspersed with five minute recovery periods. Each protocol terminated with a maximal performance task consisting of a 45s all-out cycling test. Results indicated significantly (p $<$ 0.05) higher blood lactate concentrations in the passive and 60s conditions. Mean power outputs measured in the performance task were significantly (p $<$ 0.05) higher in the active recovery conditions compared to passive recovery. Mean power outputs were lower during the 60s conditions. Since the correlation between blood lactate and mean power output was low (r = -0.24), other factors were influencing subsequent performance.

Blood lactate concentration and mean power output were examined over a series of maximal intermittent exercise bouts with varying recovery patterns. Thirteen elite male cyclists completed four randomly assigned experimental conditions. Each exercise/recovery condition consisted of twelve 10 s maximal exercise bouts on a Monark cycle ergometer. Four different recovery patterns (30, 60, 90 and 120 s) followed the repeated 10 s all-out efforts. Results revealed that the mean power output averaged over the 12 trials was 12.7, 13.0, 13.2 and 13.4 W/kg, for the 30, 60, 90 and 120 s conditions, respectively. Blood lactate concentration during exercise were 9.9, 9.2, 6.5 and 6.0 mmol/1, for the 30, 60, 90 and 120 s conditions, respectively. The 30 and 60 s conditions yielded significantly lower mean power output values compared to the 90 and 120 s conditions. Following the repeated maximal 10 s efforts, blood lactate concentration was significantly greater in the 30 and 60 s recovery conditions compared to the 90 and 120 s conditions.