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This study investigated the effectiveness of psychosocial treatment in reducing stress, improving mood and enhancing immune functioning in gay males diagnosed HIV seropositive. A J & J I-30 Biofeedback System monitored muscle potential, respiration, heart rate, electrodermal response and temperature during sessions where participants received training and/or were subject to a stress profile. Home practice tapes were provided. Results showed a delayed treatment effect in reducing stress and symptom severity and improving mood for two participants. One participant showed improvement in hardiness. Stress Profile results showed decreases in muscle potential during stress for three participants. All participants improved during recovery. During EMG biofeedback sessions, two participants improved. Within sessions, immune functioning improved for three participants. Overall, results suggest that participants learned skills that enabled them to better adapt to stress, and access, perhaps through a change in consciousness, some mechanism through which immune functioning improved in the short term. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)

This study was a systematic replication of the work of Carels, Sherwood, and Blumenthal (1998) who studied white coat hypertension (WCH) in adults with suspected hypertension. The present study utilized healthy African American and Caucasian young adults. Fifty-seven male and female high school and college students (34 Caucasians and 23 African Americans) had their blood pressure screened three times on three separate occasions. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Arousal Predisposition Scale (APS) were administered at the first visit to assess anxiety and arousal. A 3-way multifactorial mixed design ANOVA and multiple regression analyses were performed separately for systolic BP and diastolic BP. Significant main effects for trials, gender, and ethnicity for systolic BP were revealed. Significant main effects were not found for diastolic BP measures, and no interaction effects were revealed for systolic or diastolic measures. Participants' systolic BP decreased from the first screening to the second and third screenings. The main effect for gender indicated significant differences in systolic BP between males and females, with males having higher systolic BP over trials. The significant main effect for ethnicity revealed that African Americans had higher systolic BP than Caucasians. The regression analyses using the scores from the APS, STAI, and BP trial change scores revealed that none of the variables contributed significantly to the change in BP across sessions. The results replicate the finding of Carels et al. (1998) who found SBP declined from Trial 1 to Trials 2 and 3, and provide partial support for a small white coat effect in healthy Caucasian and African American young adults.

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No description available.

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