In the present study,transint flow analyses of a long oil pipeline are performed.

Bio-oil which is produced by fast pyrolysis of biomass has high energy density compared to as received biomass. Two cases are studied for pipeline transport of bio-oil, a coal-based and hydro power based electricity supplies. These cases of pipeline transport are compared to two cases of truck transport (trailer and super B-train truck). The life cycle GHG emissions from the pipeline transport of bio-oil for the two sources of electricity are 345 and 17 g of CO2 m-3 km-1. The emissions for transport by trailer and super B-train truck are 89 and 60 g of CO2 m-3 km-1. Energy input for bio-oil transport is 3.95 MJ m-3 km-1 by pipeline, 2.59 MJ m-3 km-1 by trailer, and 1.66 MJ m-3 km-1 by super B-train truck. The results show that GHG emissions in pipeline transport are largely dependent on the source of electricity; substituting 250 m3 day-1 of pipeline-transported bio-oil for coal can mitigate about 5.1 million tonnes of CO2 per year in the production of electricity. The fixed and variable components of cost are 0.0423 $/m3 and 0.1201 $/m3/km at a pipeline capacity of 560 m3/day and for a distance of 100. It costs less to transport bio-oil by pipeline than by trailer and super B-train tank trucks at pipeline capacities of 1,000 and 1,700 m3/day, and for a transportation distance of 100 km. Power from pipeline-transported bio-oil is expensive than power that is produced by direct combustion of wood chips and transmitted through electric lines.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 123 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-65).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Revision of thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University, 1979. / Includes index. Bibliography: p. 149-150.

Thesis (Ph.D)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed May 16, 2010). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Anthropology". Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Guang R. Gao, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

University, Diss., 2002--Saarbrücken.

This thesis assesses the role of gender in social movement contestation of TransCanada’s Energy East pipeline. By understanding gender as a social construction and social position from which political action and transformation can occur, the study examines how hegemonic understandings and performances of femininity and masculinity influenced social movement engagement, tactics employed, and activist spaces and dynamics, if at all, within the climate movement in Canada. Using a snowball recruitment method, I interviewed 10 activists from November 2017 to May 2018 from four provinces, all of whom were engaged in the Energy East fight. I found that while particular gendered tactics, such as direct action, were not pivotal in the movement’s ultimate victory, gender did influence how people engaged in activism and how spaces within the movement were structured. Areas such as feminist leadership, non-profit versus grassroots spaces, and the ways in which movement members took up space were where gender played the clearest role. Moreover, some of the findings do reflect what has been found in available literature: that women make up the majority of the environmental base yet are underrepresented in high level spaces and traditional leadership. This thesis also explores potential next steps to make the climate justice movement more inclusive and equitable. While it remains unclear to what extent gender played a decisive role in the ultimate defeat of the pipeline project, it did influence internal dynamics, leadership, and recruitment.

Com o aumento da densidade de transistores devido aos avanços na tecnologia de fabricação de IC, que usam cada vez dimensões menores e a possibilidade de projetar chips cada vez mais complexos, ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) podem de fato integrar sistemas complexos em um chip, chamado de System-on-chip. O ASIC possibilita a implementação de processos (módulos) paralelos em hardware, que possibilitam atingir as velocidades de processamento digital necessárias para as aplicações que envolvem altas taxas de dados. A implementação em hardware do algoritmo Viterbi é o principal foco dessa dissertação. Este texto mostra uma breve explicação do algoritmo e mostra os resultados desta na implementação do algoritmo em software e hardware. Uma arquitetura com pipeline é proposta e uma implementação em HDL (Hardware Description Language) é mostrada. / With the increasing density of gates due to advances in the IC manufacturing technology that uses increasingly smaller feature sizes, and the possibility to design more complex systems, ASIC's (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) can in fact integrate complete systems in a single chip, namely Sysntem-on-chip. The ASIC allows the implementation of parallel processes in hardware that makes possible to reach the necessary speed for the applications that need high data rates. The hardware implementation of the Viterbi encoder algorithm is the main focus of this dissertation. The text gives a brief tutorial of the algorithm and shows the results of its implementation in software and in hardware. A pipelined architecture is proposed and implemented in HDL.