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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Plant respiration and climate change effects

Bruhn, Dan. January 2002 (has links) (PDF)
Ph.d.-afhandling. Københavns Universitet, 2002. / Haves også i trykt udg.
22

Sistemas de implantação de soja em áreas de arroz irrigado e efeitos em atributos físicos do solo e em características agronômicas e fisiológicas da planta / Soybean tillage systems in lowland areas and effects on soil physical characteristics and plant agronomic and physiological responses

Sartori, Gerson Meneghetti Sarzi 16 July 2016 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The lowland areas are predominantly cultivated with irrigated rice. However, the monoculture of rice can to complicate the use of these areas for rice crop. An alternative to this is the use of crop rotation. The crop that may be used in rotation with rice is the soybean. But, some lowland areas present poor drainage, low hydraulic conductivity and compacted layer present in the soil sub-surface, soybean yield is usually limited especially in drought years. Thus, the objective this study was to evaluate the effect of tillage systems and soybean sowing and border irrigation on soil physical and hydraulic properties, oxidative stress in the leaf tissue of plants, root growth and development, nutrients content in leaf tissue of plants and soybeans yield. The experiments were performed in the Experimental Area of the Federal University of Santa Maria, during 2013/14 and 2014/15 growing season in Santa Maria-RS, Brazil and during 2013/14 growing season in Formigueiro, RS. Levels of factor A were: tillage and seeding systems: chisel plough with sowing using a offset double disc; no-till with sowing using a furrow opener upon a raised bed; sowing using a knife runner opener; sowing using a (fluted coulter disc) wavy disc with 12 waves and sowing using a offset double disc. The D factor levels were: irrigated and non-irrigated. The results showed that systems with sowing using knife, sowing on raised bed and chisel plough reduce soil bulk density in the layer from 0.00 to 0.20 m in the sowing row. These systems improve in the soil physical and hydraulic properties such as soil bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity and infiltration capacity and water storage in the soil. Tillage systems with sowing using offset double disc and (fluted coulter disc) wavy disc has less effect of soil bulk density reduction in the soybean sowing row and improvement of soil physical and hydraulic properties. The presence of a compacted layer in the soil sub-surface (layer from 0.07 to 0.15 m) causes oxidative stress in plants in drought seasons. The system using chisel plough and sowing using knife minimize those stresses and provide greater soybean roots growth and development, nodulation and higher grain yield. The border irrigation on soil moisture conditions below 60% of field capacity results in reduced oxidative stress, increased of roots growth and development, providing increase in nodulation and soybeans yield in areas with presence compacted layer in the soil sub-surface. / As áreas de várzeas são predominantemente cultivadas com a cultura do arroz irrigado. No entanto, o monocultivo do arroz irrigado pode inviabilizar o uso dessas áreas para o cultivo do arroz. Uma alternativa para isso é o uso de rotação de culturas. A soja é uma cultura que pode ser utilizada em rotação com o arroz irrigado. Porém, em função de características dessas áreas como: drenagem deficiente, baixa condutividade hidráulica e presença de camada compactada próximo à superfície do solo, a produtividade da soja é usualmente limitada principalmente em anos de estresse hídrico. Diante disso, o objetivo de estudo da tese foi avaliar o efeito de sistemas de implantação e de semeadura da soja e da irrigação por faixas em propriedades físicas do solo, no crescimento e desenvolvimento radicular, no estresse oxidativo das plantas, na concentração de nutrientes no tecido das plantas e no rendimento de grãos de soja. Os experimentos foram realizados na área Experimental de Várzea da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, nas safras de 2013/14 e de 2014/15, e em Formigueiro, RS, na safra de 2013/14. Os níveis do fator A foram: sistemas de implantação e de semeadura: escarificação do solo com semeadura utilizando disco duplo na semeadora; sem escarificação do solo e semeadura em microcamalhão com haste sulcadora; semeadura com haste sulcadora; semeadura com disco ondulado e semeadura com disco duplo. Os níveis do fator D foram: com e sem irrigação por faixas. Com base nos resultados obtidos, observa-se que os sistemas com haste sulcadora, microcamalhão e com escarificação do solo reduzem a densidade do solo na camada de 0,00 0,20 m na linha de semeadura. Esses sistemas melhoram na linha de semeadura as propriedades físico-hídricas do solo como a densidade do solo, porosidade total, macroporosidade e capacidade de infiltração e armazenamento de água no solo. Os sistemas de implantação com semeadura utilizando disco duplo e disco ondulado apresentaram menor efeito de redução de densidade do solo na linha de semeadura e melhoria das propriedades físico-hídricas. A presença de uma camada compactada próximo a superfície do solo (camada de 0,07 0,15 m) causa estresse oxidativo nas plantas em épocas de déficit hídrico. O sistema com escarificação do solo e com semeadura utilizando haste sulcadora minimizam esses estresses e proporcionam maior crescimento e desenvolvimento de raízes de soja, nodulação, bem como maior rendimento de grãos. O uso da irrigação por faixas em condições de umidade do solo abaixo de 60% da capacidade de campo resulta em redução do estresse oxidativo, aumento do crescimento e desenvolvimento de raízes, proporcionando acréscimo na nodulação e no rendimento de grãos de soja em áreas com presença de camada compactada próximo a superfície do solo.
23

The Southern Gentleman and the Idea of Masculinity: Figures and Aspects of the Southern Beau in the Literary Tradition of the American South

Gros, Emmeline 12 December 2010 (has links)
The American planter has mostly been presented as the epitome of the romantic cavalier legend that could be found in the fiction of John Pendleton Kennedy to Thomas Nelson Page: a man of chivalric manners and good breeding; a man of good social position; a man of wealth and leisure (Concise Oxford Dictionary). A closer scrutiny of the cavalier and genteel ethos of the time, however, reveals the inherent ideological inconsistencies with the idea of the gentleman itself, as the ideal came to be more and more perceived as an illusion and as challenges to traditional gender stereotypes came to redefine the nature and role of the Southern Gentleman. This study hopes to complicate the traditional delineation of hegemonic manhood with the aim to better understand how precisely the Old South’s masculine ideals were constructed and maintained over time, especially in times of crisis, and how southern elite males (re)defined, enacted, and/or maintained a distinctive Southern model of masculinity while others resisted, modified, or flouted those ideals. The work undertaken by this dissertation can thus be situated within the broad rubric of masculinity studies and its central axiom—the interrogation of the structures of power, domination, and hierarchy. Enriching masculinity studies of the Old South, this critical study of Southern American fiction attempts to respond to the invitation of historians like Stephen Berry or Craig Thompson Friend in striking a commendable balance between conceptualizing larger historical questions and narrating the intimacies and complexities of Southern men’s individual lives. Taken collectively, these novels continue to explore this fertile field by moving outside the “confines and confidences of elites” (Peel 1). Because it complicates any simple equation between honor, mastery, and manliness, and because it seeks to revisit traditional conceptualisations of gender, I hope that this study will open new ways of thinking about the privileges and wounds of a masculinity that has been considered by most as the normative, invisible, and unquestioned referent from which to measure marginalized others—foreigners, women, or non-whites.
24

DESEMPENHO DE MECANISMOS DE CORTE DOS RESÍDUOS CULTURAIS E ABERTURA DE SULCO PARA A SEMEADURA DIRETA / PERFORMANCE OF MECHANISMS OF CUTTING CROP RESIDUES AND OPENING FURROW FOR DIRECT SEEDING

Francetto, Tiago Rodrigo 31 January 2014 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this work was to evaluate the tractor/toolholder operating performance equipped with different configurations of the cutting elements of crop residues and soil breakers, depending on the speed. This was done in a farm located in the municipality of Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul). The experimental area's soil was classified as Red Alfisol and loamy sand texture. The experiment consisted of 24 treatment combinations in a factorial scheme 2x3x4. These were composed by the interaction of mechanisms factors of furrow opening (furrow opener fixed and rotary), cutting crop residues (without hard, smooth and fluted disc) and travel speeds (1.11, 1.67, 2.22 and 2.78 m s-1). Farm's performance data tractors were acquired with the use of electronic instrumentation. The associations between furrow opener and disc showed better performance at speeds of 1.11 and 1.67 m s-1 for required lesser traction force, power in the bar and fuel consumption. Furthermore, the cutting discs use allowed a reduction of increased demand traction force when the speed went from 1.11 to 2.78 m s-1. The furrow shanks required greater demand traction than mismatched drives and both, when combined with the cutting discs, had increased their demand with greater significance for association with fluted disc. The proportionality of this variable was proved with the hourly consumption and the splipping. The soil mobilization was not influenced by the speed, being higher with the use of the shank, and among the combinations with disc, it was superior to fluted. / O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho operacional do conjunto trator/porta-ferramentas equipado com diferentes configurações dos elementos de corte dos resíduos culturais e de rompedores do solo, em função da velocidade de deslocamento. Este foi realizado em propriedade agrícola situada no município de Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul). O solo da área experimental foi classificado como Argissolo Vermelho e textura franco arenosa. O experimento foi composto por 24 combinações de tratamentos, em um esquema fatorial de 2x3x4. Estes foram compostos pela interação dos fatores mecanismos de abertura de sulco (sulcador fixo e rotativo), corte de resíduos culturais (sem disco, disco liso e ondulado) e velocidades de deslocamento (1,11, 1,67, 2,22 e 2,78 m s-1). Os dados de desempenho do trator agrícola foram adquiridos com a utilização de instrumentação eletrônica. As associações entre sulcador e disco apresentaram melhor desempenho nas velocidades de 1,11 e 1,67 m s-1 por demandaram menor força de tração, potência na barra e consumo de combustível. Além disso, a utilização de discos de corte permitiu uma redução da ampliação da demanda de força de tração quando a velocidade passou de 1,11 para 2,78 m s-1. O sulcador haste exigiu maior demanda de tração do que os discos desencontrados e ambos, ao serem combinados com os discos de corte, tiveram suas demanda aumentadas com maior significância para a associação com o ondulado. Foi comprovada proporcionalidade desta variável com o consumo horário e o patinamento. A mobilização do solo não foi influenciada pela velocidade, sendo maior com o uso da haste e, dentre as combinações com disco, foi superior para o ondulado.
25

Comportamento operacional de elementos sulcadores de fertilizante em função da distância dos mesmos para o mecanismo de corte / Operating performance of elements fertilizer furrowers in the function of the distance for the coulter

Francetto, Tiago Rodrigo 25 April 2017 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective was to determine the effect of longitudinal distance between coulters and furrow openers about the operational performance of these associations working in different forward speeds, with regard to the energy requeriment and the amount of furrow, with the purpose of identifying the integration mechanism/regulation that presents the lowest energy consumption without compromising the quality of the furrow. This was carried out in an agricultural area located in the municipality of Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul), belonging to Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. The soil of the experimental area was classified as Ultisol and sandy. The experiment was composed of 24 combinations of treatments, in a factorial scheme of 2x3x4. These were composed by the interaction of the factors groove opening mechanisms (hoe furrow opener and mismatched double discs), longitudinal distance from center to center of coulter and furrowers (0,50,1,0 e 1,50 m) and forward speeds (1,11, 1,67, 2,22 e 2,78 m s-1). The variables responses of the performance of the mechanisms associations were obtained directly or indirectly, through the application of different methods by different tools. After the acquisition of the data, they were submitted to statistical analysis of variance and verified the significance of the factors through the F test. In addition, a mathematical analysis of the instantaneous rate of change, with the use of the differential calculus. The furrow, distance and velocity factors had a statistically significant influence on the primary performance variables resulting from instrumentation, except the distance factor on the slipping of the driving wheels. For the variables of soil mobilization, the furrow factor provided a significant change in all, while the distance factor significantly modified only the raised area and the maximum furrow depth. Already the velocity, interfered significantly in the latter and in the area of mobilized soil. In addition, in the secondary variables, the modification of the furrow and speed factors did not provide significant change only in the variable soil swelling, while the distance did not change the specific fuel consumption. The traction, the hourly consumption and the skating were higher for the configurations that employ the hoe furrow opener, present greater distance and work at higher speeds. The distance did not modify the mobilized area, the width and the depth of the furrow, and the reduction of this reduced the elevated area. The use of lower speeds and distances provides greater efficiency in the use of traction per unit of depth and of soil mobilized for both furrowers. / O objetivo foi determinar o efeito da distância longitudinal entre disco de corte e sulcador de fertilizante sobre o desempenho operacional destas associações trabalhando em diferentes velocidades de deslocamento, no que diz respeito ao requerimento energético e a qualidade de sulco, com o propósito de identificar a integração mecanismo/regulagem que apresente o menor consumo energético sem comprometer a qualidade do sulco. Este foi realizado em área agrícola situada no município de Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul), pertencente à Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. O solo da área experimental foi classificado como Argissolo e textura franca. O experimento foi composto por 24 combinações de tratamentos, em um esquema fatorial de 2x3x4. Estes foram compostos pela interação dos fatores mecanismos de abertura de sulco (haste sulcadora e discos duplos desencontrados), distância longitudinal de centro a centro do mecanismo de corte e dos sulcadores (0,50, 1,0 e 1,50 m) e velocidades de deslocamento (1,11, 1,67, 2,22 e 2,78 m s-1). As variáveis respostas do desempenho das associações de mecanismos foram obtidas de forma direta ou indireta, através da aplicação de diferentes métodos por distintas ferramentas. Após a aquisição dos dados, os mesmos foram submetidos à análise estatística de variância e verificado a significância dos fatores através do teste F. Além disso, foi realizada uma análise matemática da taxa de variação instantânea, com o uso do cálculo diferencial. Os fatores sulcador, distância e velocidade apresentaram influência estatisticamente significativa sobre as variáveis de desempenho primárias oriundas da instrumentação, exceto o fator distância sobre o patinamento dos rodados motrizes. Para as variáveis de mobilização do solo, o fator sulcador proporcionou alteração significativa em todas, enquanto que o fator distância modificou significativamente apenas a área elevada e a profundidade máxima do sulco. Já a velocidade, interferiu significativamente nesta última e na área de solo mobilizada. Ademais, nas variáveis secundárias, a modificação dos fatores sulcador e velocidade não proporcionaram alteração significativa apenas na variável empolamento, enquanto que a distância não modificou o consumo específico de combustível. O esforço tratório, o consumo horário e o patinamento, foram mais elevados para as configurações que empregam a haste sulcadora, apresentam maior distância e trabalham em maiores velocidades. A distância não modificou a área mobilizada, a largura e a profundidade do sulco, sendo que a redução desta diminuiu a área elevada. O emprego de velocidades e distâncias menores propiciou maior eficiência no uso da tração por unidade de profundidade e de solo mobilizada para ambos os sulcadores.
26

Francisco Penzotti, Pionier evangelischer Missionsarbeit in Peru: Ein Bibelkolporteur und Gemeindegründer als Schnittstelle im Kampf um Toleranz und Religionsfreiheit im Peru des 19. Jahrhunderts

Poganatz, Herbert 31 October 2005 (has links)
This study deals with Francisco G. Penzotti, a Bible colporteur and church planter, opening in 1888 in Peru a branch of the American Bible Society. But the Peruvian con-stitution prohibited any public, non-Catholic religious activities. The country's situation for decades had been confrontation between clerical conserva-tism and progressive liberal forces, thus dividing Peruvian society. Penzotti became a catalyst in this confrontation at a time of critical importance, thus revealing the frailty of the Roman Catholicism as an integrating force in this society. He becomes a "human interface" in the struggle for tolerance and freedom of worship, involving the participa-tion of important sectors of Peruvian society. This paper describes the historical background and Protestant activities prior to Pen-zotti, then his work and person. A missiological summary interprets Penzottis success, acting as a human link between two distinct eras and clearing the way for a future of tolerance and religious freedom in Peru. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology)
27

Francisco Penzotti, Pionier evangelischer Missionsarbeit in Peru: Ein Bibelkolporteur und Gemeindegründer als Schnittstelle im Kampf um Toleranz und Religionsfreiheit im Peru des 19. Jahrhunderts

Poganatz, Herbert 31 October 2005 (has links)
This study deals with Francisco G. Penzotti, a Bible colporteur and church planter, opening in 1888 in Peru a branch of the American Bible Society. But the Peruvian con-stitution prohibited any public, non-Catholic religious activities. The country's situation for decades had been confrontation between clerical conserva-tism and progressive liberal forces, thus dividing Peruvian society. Penzotti became a catalyst in this confrontation at a time of critical importance, thus revealing the frailty of the Roman Catholicism as an integrating force in this society. He becomes a "human interface" in the struggle for tolerance and freedom of worship, involving the participa-tion of important sectors of Peruvian society. This paper describes the historical background and Protestant activities prior to Pen-zotti, then his work and person. A missiological summary interprets Penzottis success, acting as a human link between two distinct eras and clearing the way for a future of tolerance and religious freedom in Peru. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology)

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