Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from PDF file main screen (viewed on May 27, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Science, [Department of] Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from PDF file main screen (viewed on May 28, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Rangeland and Wildlife Resources, Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:58:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 noronha_rhf_me_jabo.pdf: 321302 bytes, checksum: d82ce714785b5539d93e56570ce46f4c (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O sistema meiosi (método inter-ocupacional ocorrendo simultaneamente) é uma forma de renovação de canaviais que tem ganhado importância como meio de se reduzir os custos de produção, por meio de rotação com a soja. Neste sistema, pressupõe-se que a realização conjunta da colheita e do plantio de mudas, possa afetar a qualidade dessas operações. Partindo desta premissa, este trabalho foi desenvolvido em área de produção de cana-de-açúcar no município de Pradópolis - SP, com o objetivo avaliar a qualidade operacional do plantio mecanizado de cana-de-açúcar em sistema meiosi, utilizando-se de ferramentas do controle estatístico de processo. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em faixas, com 3 tratamentos (velocidades de deslocamento dos conjuntos mecanizados de 4, 5 e 6 km h-1) e 10 repetições. Foram avaliados parâmetros biométricos relacionados ao plantio e à colheita de mudas, ao desempenho dos conjuntos mecanizados, e também os resultados de brotação do canavial aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após o plantio. O controle estatístico mostrou ser uma importante ferramenta para monitorar o comportamento das variáveis analisadas, sendo uma maneira de se aprimorar o controle das variáveis no processo de plantio. Os processos foram considerados instáveis quando avaliadas as variáveis biométricas do plantio, em que a velocidade de 4,0 km h-1 apresentou maior variabilidade seguida das velocidades de 5,0 km h-1 e 6,0 km h-1. O aumento de 50% na velocidade no sistema meiosi não afetou a qualidade da operação de plantio, sendo possível trabalhar nas velocidades de até 6,0 km h-1 para se obter maior capacidade de campo operacional / The system MEIOSI (methods Interocupacional Occurring Simultaneously) is a new form of sugarcane renewal that has gained importance as a means to reduce production costs, by crop rotation with soybeans. Therefore, this work was developed in the area production of sugarcane in the municipality of Pradópolis - SP, to evaluate the operational quality of mechanized planting of sugarcane meiosi system, using tools the statistical process control. The experimental design was completely randomized in “strips”, with three treatments (speeds of machinery 4, 5 and 6 km h-1. Biometric parameters were evaluated related to planting and harvesting of plants, the performance of machinery, and also results in sprouting of sugarcane at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting. The statistical control was an important tool to monitor the behavior of the variables, being a way to enhance the control of variables in the process of planting. The cases were considered unstable, when measured variables biometric planting, in that the speed of 4 km h-1 showed greater variation then the speed of 5 and 6 km h-1. The 50% increase in speed in meioisi system didn’t affect the quality of the planting operation, and can work at speeds of up to 6 km h-1 for greater performance in field operations

O período de inverno é o mais crítico do ano no sul do Brasil em termos de provimento de forragem, devido às condições climáticas adversas. Por outro lado, nestes meses do ano é possível usar espécies adaptadas e bem manejadas, obter os rendimentos forrageiros desejados. Entre os fatores manipuláveis que definem a extensão dos vazios forrageiros, a época de semeadura é importante, especialmente se a produção animal estiver sendo realizada em sistema de integração lavourapecuária. Com objetivo de estudar materiais forrageiros como a aveia branca (Avena sativa L.) cv. IPR 126 aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb) cv. IAPAR 61, aveia preta comum (Avena sp.), azevém comum (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) e trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Tarumã e diferentes datas de semeadura (04 de abril, 24 de abril, 14 de maio e 03 de junho de 2008). Conduziu-se na Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, um experimento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Houve interação entre forrageira e época para quase todas as variáveis avaliadas, indicando que deve ser analisada a correta combinação entre forrageiras e época de semeadura. Apesar da interação significativa, observou-se que, de maneira geral, as aveias IPR 126 e IAPAR 61 apresentaram maior produção de forragem, número de cortes e período de utilização. Em relação às épocas, verificou-se melhor resultado nas variáveis citadas quando as espécies foram semeadas até final de abril, porém com leve declínio do valor nutritivo quando as datas de semeadura foram atrasadas. O trigo Tarumã apresentou comportamento diferenciado das demais, pois houve aumento do valor nutritivo em função das épocas de semeadura. / The winter season is the most critic period of the year at the south of Brazil in terms of forage allowance, due to the climatic conditions. In the other hand, at this period of the year, it is possible to use well adopted species and get high forage yield. Among the manipulated factors that define the length of the forage lack, the sowing period is important, specially when the animal production is done in an integrated croplivestock system. Due to it, the aim of study was to evaluate forage species like white oat, (Avena sativa L.) cv. IPR 126 black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) cv. IAPAR 61, common black oat (Avena sp.), ryegrass (Lolium miltiflorum Lam) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Tarumã in different sowing periods (April 4 th, April 24 th, May 14th and June 3rd). The experiment was carried out at the Parana Federal Technologic University, campus of Dois Vizinhos in a randomized blocks with four replications. There was a significant interactions between forage specie and the sowed period to almost all of the variable studied, showing that the best arrangement among sowing date and species should be analyzed. Although the interaction, was notice in general that the IPR 126 and IAPAR 61 oats showed a higher production, higher number of cuts and period of use. In relation to the sowing periods, was noticed better results when the forage species were sowed by the and of April, however with o lower decline in the nutritive value with the sowing delay. The Taruma wheat showed a different behave from the other species once its nutritive value increased as the sowing dates passed.

O período de inverno é o mais crítico do ano no sul do Brasil em termos de provimento de forragem, devido às condições climáticas adversas. Por outro lado, nestes meses do ano é possível usar espécies adaptadas e bem manejadas, obter os rendimentos forrageiros desejados. Entre os fatores manipuláveis que definem a extensão dos vazios forrageiros, a época de semeadura é importante, especialmente se a produção animal estiver sendo realizada em sistema de integração lavourapecuária. Com objetivo de estudar materiais forrageiros como a aveia branca (Avena sativa L.) cv. IPR 126 aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb) cv. IAPAR 61, aveia preta comum (Avena sp.), azevém comum (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) e trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Tarumã e diferentes datas de semeadura (04 de abril, 24 de abril, 14 de maio e 03 de junho de 2008). Conduziu-se na Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, um experimento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Houve interação entre forrageira e época para quase todas as variáveis avaliadas, indicando que deve ser analisada a correta combinação entre forrageiras e época de semeadura. Apesar da interação significativa, observou-se que, de maneira geral, as aveias IPR 126 e IAPAR 61 apresentaram maior produção de forragem, número de cortes e período de utilização. Em relação às épocas, verificou-se melhor resultado nas variáveis citadas quando as espécies foram semeadas até final de abril, porém com leve declínio do valor nutritivo quando as datas de semeadura foram atrasadas. O trigo Tarumã apresentou comportamento diferenciado das demais, pois houve aumento do valor nutritivo em função das épocas de semeadura. / The winter season is the most critic period of the year at the south of Brazil in terms of forage allowance, due to the climatic conditions. In the other hand, at this period of the year, it is possible to use well adopted species and get high forage yield. Among the manipulated factors that define the length of the forage lack, the sowing period is important, specially when the animal production is done in an integrated croplivestock system. Due to it, the aim of study was to evaluate forage species like white oat, (Avena sativa L.) cv. IPR 126 black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) cv. IAPAR 61, common black oat (Avena sp.), ryegrass (Lolium miltiflorum Lam) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Tarumã in different sowing periods (April 4 th, April 24 th, May 14th and June 3rd). The experiment was carried out at the Parana Federal Technologic University, campus of Dois Vizinhos in a randomized blocks with four replications. There was a significant interactions between forage specie and the sowed period to almost all of the variable studied, showing that the best arrangement among sowing date and species should be analyzed. Although the interaction, was notice in general that the IPR 126 and IAPAR 61 oats showed a higher production, higher number of cuts and period of use. In relation to the sowing periods, was noticed better results when the forage species were sowed by the and of April, however with o lower decline in the nutritive value with the sowing delay. The Taruma wheat showed a different behave from the other species once its nutritive value increased as the sowing dates passed.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Agronomy / Nathan O. Nelson / Augustine K. Obour / Emerging sustainability issues with summer-fallow period has prompted producers to identify fallow replacement crops in wheat (Triticum aestivum) production systems. Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] has been identified as a potential fallow replacement crop in the semiarid Great Plains. Camelina has uses in animal and human nutrition, biofuel production, and bio-based products. Three field experiments were conducted to develop production recommendations for camelina in wheat production systems in the semiarid Great Plains. In the first study, three camelina cultivars were evaluated in mid-March (March 17, 2014; March 18, 2015), early-April (April 3, 2013; April 1, 2014 and 2015), and mid-April (April 16, 2013; April 15, 2014 and 2015) at Hays, KS. Findings from this study showed delaying camelina planting until early- or mid-April resulted in 34% increase in seed yield. Planting date affected oil concentration, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and linolenic acid concentration. The concentrations of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid were also different among cultivars. A second study was conducted to evaluate the response of camelina to nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) fertilizer application. Nitrogen rates (0, 22, 45 and 90 kg ha⁻¹), and S rates (0 and 20 kg ha⁻¹) were applied in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement. The main plots were S application rates and the subplot factor was N rates. Sulfur application did not affect seed yield, oil, protein, or seed nutrient concentration. The agronomic optimum N rate was 49 kg N ha⁻¹, however, the economic optimum N rate ranged from 25 to 31 kg N ha⁻¹ based on current N fertilizer cost, and camelina seed price. Nitrogen application had no effect on SFA, MUFA, and PUFA. Moderate N application increased seed calcium (Ca) concentration, whereas higher N rate increased zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) concentration in the seed. There was a general negative relation between N application with copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo) in camelina seed. Our study shows that camelina needed to be applied with a minimum of 25 kg N ha⁻¹ for optimum production. A third study investigated effects of crop rotation on crop yield, soil water, soil CO₂ flux, and soil health in wheat-camelina rotation systems. Rotation systems in this study were wheat-fallow (W-F), wheat-sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) -fallow (W-S-F), wheat-spring camelina (W-SC), and wheat-sorghum-spring camelina (W-S-SC). Crop rotation had no effect on sorghum grain yield. However, winter wheat yield decreased by 15% when fallow was replaced by camelina in the rotation system. Camelina yield in W-SC was 2-fold greater than that in W-S-SC. Soil water content in the more intensified rotations were less than rotations with fallow, irrespective of sampling period. Soil pH, phosphorus (P), and total nitrogen (TN) were not different among rotation systems. Nonetheless, soil profile N, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon and N (MBC and MBN), and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN) were different among rotation systems. Soil particle aggregation increased with increasing cropping intensity. This suggests improved soil structure with cropping intensification.

5 pp. / This publication covers the basics of container gardening in the hot, dry desert. Selecting an appropriate container, planting medium, and plant types for production are discussed.

3 pp. / Originally published: 2009 / Production practices for grain sorghum are discussed including hybrid selection, planting date, seeding rate, row configuration, irrigation, fertilization, pest control, and harvesting. Grain sorghum (milo) is a warm season, annual grain crop. It is more resistant to salt, drought, and heat stress than most other crops. Nevertheless, highest yields are obtained when stresses are minimized. Revised 10/2016. Originally published 06/2009.

Thesis (Master of Agriculture)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2020 / Grain yield and its components are very important and complicated in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and are highly influenced by environmental factors and agronomic management practices. For 2018 growing season, a study was designed under rainfed conditions to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg ha-1 of N) and planting density (120, 140, 160, and 180 to 200 seeds m-2) on the agronomic performance of three barley cultivars (Elim, Hessekwa and S16). A randomized complete block design with 3 replications was used. Combined analysis of variance showed significant (p<0.1) differences among cultivars, N rates and planting densities. The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of planting density and different fertilizer application strategies on barley grain yield and quality. The results showed that biggest increases on yield and yield components were observed at 180 seeds m-2 and 80kg ha-1 N rate. Higher N rates generally reduced kernel size. Kernel size was both increased and decreased by increasing planting density as well as N rate. Increasing planting density from 180 to 200 seeds m–2 generally provided slight reductions in grain N concentration and reduced kernel size. The three cultivars expressed a significant effect on kernel plumpness and N content of grain. The most beneficial agronomic practices for malting barley production in Western Cape were application of N fertilizer at optimum rate depending on cultivar, locality and rainfall and planting seeds at a rate of 160-180 seeds m-2 depending on cultivar. A planting density of 160-180 seeds m-2 at a rate of 80 kg N ha-1 is recommended for planting barley under dry land in the Western Cape.