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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Studie změn v expresi různých adhezivních a cytoskeletálních proteinů podocytů (E-kadherin, Podocin, Vimentin) v důsledku Bisfenolu A / Study of the variations in the expression of different adhesion and cytoskeletal proteins of podocytes (E-Cadherin, Podocin, Vimentin) due to Bisphenol A

Chvojanová, Zuzana January 2019 (has links)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences The University of Alcalá, Faculty of Medicine, Department of biomedicine and biotechnology Student: Zuzana Chvojanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Consultant: María Isabel Arenas Jimenéz Title of the diploma thesis: Study of the variations in the expression of different adhesion and cytoskeletal proteins of podocytes (E-Cadherin, Podocin, Vimentin) due to Bisphenol A Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widespread compounds in the world, producing over 6 billion metric tons per year. It is widely used as part of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, from which reusable plastic bottles, food boxes and some medical equipment are made. It is also used to coat the inner layer of the cans. Previous studies have shown that BPA contributes to many chronic diseases in the human body, such as kidney disease - diabetic nephropathy. Podocytes - terminally differentiated cells of the Bowman's capsule in glomerulus - are an integral part of the filtration barrier, where they play an important role in preventing the plasmatic proteins from penetrating to the urine. Therefore, in this study, we looked at the effect of BPA on these cells and their particular proteins, using both in vivo and...
52

Évaluation du rôle du récepteur activin receptor like kinase type 1 dans un modèle de néphropathie diabétique

Lora Gil, Cindy Paola 08 1900 (has links)
La néphropathie diabétique est l’une des complications les plus fréquentes chez les patients diabétiques à long terme, et est la première cause du besoin de dialyse. Les lésions glomérulaires semblent jouer un rôle clé dans le développement de la néphropathie diabétique. L’épaississement de la membrane basale glomérulaire, l’hypertrophie des cellules glomérulaires et la perte de podocytes font partie des principaux changements pathologiques survenant au cours de la néphropathie diabétique et peuvent conduire à une protéinurie. Il a été suggéré que le dysfonctionnement endothélial joue un rôle important dans la pathogenèse des lésions glomérulaires au cours de la maladie rénale diabétique. En effet, l’altération de la fonction et de l’intégrité des cellules endothéliales glomérulaires est l’une des principales causes de la microalbuminurie observée dans l’insuffisance rénale diabétique précoce. Les lésions des cellules endothéliales glomérulaires peuvent endommager les podocytes et même induire une perte podocitaire ce qui aggrave d’avantage les liaisons des cellules endothéliales glomérulaires et ainsi de suite. Actuellement, les traitements de la néphropathie diabétique visent le contrôle de la glycémie et de la pression artérielle dans le but de maintenir un bon débit de filtration glomérulaire. Cependant, l’étude de traitements pouvant cibler les lésions endothéliales ou les interactions podocyte-cellule endothéliales, qui jouent un rôle essentiel dans la progression de la maladie rénale diabétique, est nécessaire. Les traitements ciblant l’endothélium glomérulaire pourraient offrir des avantages thérapeutiques pour la néphropathie diabétique. En effet, des facteurs anti-angiogéniques tels que les inhibiteurs du VEGF pourraient prévenir les lésions rénales et les altérations glomérulaires sur des modèles de souris diabétiques. Cependant, d’autres données ont montré que des injections d’inhibiteurs du VEGF pouvaient être néfastes pour les cellules endothéliales et podocytaires. Ainsi, de nouvelles molécules ciblant l’endothélium vasculaire pourraient améliorer le pronostic et la qualité de vie chez les patients présentant une insuffisance rénale diabétique à un stade précoce. Nous avons précédemment montré que Alk1, avec son ligand BMP9, joue un rôle important dans le maintien de l’intégrité vasculaire chez les animaux diabétiques. En effet, 4 la perte de signalisation d’Alk1 chez les animaux diabétiques conduit à la dissociation des jonctions vasculaires et à une augmentation des fuites vasculaires dans la rétine. Compte tenu de son rôle dans le maintien de la quiescence et de l’intégrité de l’endothélium, nous avons évalué les effets de la surpression d’Alk1 sur l’intégrité de l’endothélium glomérulaire et la fonction rénale chez la souris diabétique. Nous avons utilisé des souris avec délétion conditionnelle de Alk1 dans l’endothélium (Alk1ΔEC) pour évaluer le rôle de Alk1 dans la filtration glomérulaire chez des souris diabétiques induits par le STZ. Les souris ont été euthanasiées quatre mois après le début du diabète et des analyses sérologiques et urinaires ont été effectuées, ainsi que des études immunohistochimiques. Nous avons démontré que l’haplo-insuffisance d’Alk1 aggrave la microalbuminurie et induit une perte de podocytes chez des souris diabétiques. De plus, une augmentation significative de l’apoptose glomérulaire a été observée chez les souris Alk1ΔEC hétérozygotes diabétiques. L’analyse de souris Alk1ΔEC homozygotes non diabétiques a également révélé une perte importante de cellules endothéliales glomérulaires. Ensemble, ces données suggèrent que la signalisation du récepteur Alk1 joue un rôle essentiel dans le maintien des cellules endothéliales glomérulaires et participe au maintien de l’intégrité glomérulaire à travers un mécanisme de podocyte-endothelial cross-talk. / Diabetic kidney disease one of the most frequent microvascular long-term complications in diabetic patients and is the first cause for the need for dialysis. The glomerular damage seems to play a key role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, glomerular cell hypertrophy, and podocyte loss is among the main pathological changes occurring during diabetic nephropathy and can lead to proteinuria. Endothelial dysfunction has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerular damage during diabetic kidney disease. Indeed, alteration of the glomerular endothelial cell function and integrity is a leading cause of microalbuminuria observed in early diabetic kidney disease. Injury to glomerular endothelial cells may lead to podocyte damage, while podocyte loss further exacerbates glomerular endothelial cell injury, forming a vicious cycle. Currently, therapies in diabetic nephropathy are focusing on glycemia control and adequate arterial pressure levels in order to maintain an adequate glomerular filtration rate. However, the study of some treatments that may target endothelial lesions or podocyte-endothelial cell interactions, which play a vital role in the progression of diabetic kidney disease is necessary. It has been suggested that antiangiogenic treatments for diabetic kidney disease could provide therapeutic benefits. Indeed, anti-angiogenic factors such as VEGF inhibitors have been demonstrated to suppress renal damage and glomerular alterations in a diabetic mouse model. However, some other data have shown that anti-VEGF injections could be detrimental for podocytes and endothelial cells. Thus, new molecules targeting the vascular endothelium could possibly improve prognosis and quality of life in patients with early stages of diabetic kidney disease. We have previously shown that Alk1, along with its ligand BMP9, plays an important function to maintain vascular integrity in diabetic animals. Loss of Alk1 signaling in diabetic animals led to dissociation of vascular junctions and increased vascular leakage. Given its role in the maintenance of endothelial quiescence and integrity, we evaluated the effects of Alk1 suppression on kidney integrity and renal function in diabetic mice. 6 We used mice with conditional deletion of Alk1 in the endothelium (Alk1ΔEC) to evaluate the role of Alk1 in glomerular filtration in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Mice were euthanized four months after the onset of diabetes and urine, and serological analyzes were performed, along with immunohistochemical studies. We demonstrated that Alk1 haploinsufficiency worsens microalbuminuria and induces podocyte loss. Furthermore, a significant increase in glomerular apoptosis was observed in Alk1ΔEC mice. Analysis of homozygous Alk1ΔEC mice also revealed a significant loss of glomerular endothelial cells. Together, these data suggest that Alk1/BMP9 signaling plays a critical role in the maintenance of glomerular endothelial cells and has important functions to maintain glomerular integrity through a crosstalk podocyte-endothelial mechanism.
53

Mutační analýza genu TRPC6 u pacientů s nefrotickým syndromem / Mutational analysis of the TRPC6 gene in patients with nephrotic syndrome

Obeidová, Lena January 2011 (has links)
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is one of the commonest cause of the nephrotic syndrome in adults patients. It is a damage of glomerulus characterized by leakage of proteins to urine and oedemas which usually develops into the end-stage renal disease within 10 years. Recently have been described familial forms of this disease which arise from injury to proteins making up filtration barrier of kidney. In 2005 non-selective ion channel TRPC6 was assigned among these proteins. In this thesis I focused on summarizing existing knowledge of the nephrotic syndrome, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and involvement of TRPC6 in their origin. Second part of this work is devoted to the screening analysis of TRPC6 gene to discover possible mutations and polymorfisms in 47 patients with histologically proven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or minimal change disease. The used methods were high resolution melting and direct sequencing. In the group of patients was detected no pathogenic mutation, only 2 known polymorfisms P15S and A404V and few changes which do not result in alteration of amino acid. So it seems TRPC6 gene mutations are a rare cause of the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adult patients in the Czech Republic.
54

Ablation of the N-type calcium channel ameliorates diabetic nephropathy with improved glycemic control and reduced blood pressure / N型カルシウムチャネルの欠損による糖代謝の改善と血圧の低下を伴う糖尿病性腎症軽減作用に関する研究

Ohno, Shoko 23 January 2017 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第20080号 / 医博第4173号 / 新制||医||1018(附属図書館) / 33196 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 長船 健二, 教授 川口 義弥, 教授 小川 修 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
55

NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION OF WT1-INTERACTING PROTEIN IN RESPONSE TO PODOCYTE INJURY

Rico-Salas, Maria Isabel 08 April 2005 (has links)
No description available.
56

Genetické faktory ovlivňující průběh vybraných forem nefrotického syndromu / Genetic factors affecting course of selected forms of nephrotic syndrome

Šafaříková, Markéta January 2011 (has links)
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by proteinuria, hypalbuminemia and edemas. It occurs during first and second glomerulopathies. This disease can be divided into two groups: primary (idiopathic) and secondary. The heredity of the familial nephrotic syndrome is autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive. There are four most important genes that condition the formation of hereditary nephrotic syndrome in adult patienst. These genes are ACTN4, CD2AP, NPHS2 and TRPC6. The gene ACTN4, which encodes protein α-actinin 4, is responsible for the autosomal dominant form of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). FSGS is included in first glomerulopathies. α-Actinin 4 was also researched for some types of carcinomas. There was performed the mutational analysis of the gene ACTN4 on the set of 48 patients with nephrotic syndrome in this diploma thesis. High resolution melting (HRM) analysis and sequencing selected samples were used during this mutation detection. During this process many published and unpublished SNPs and one unpublished candidate mutation that could have causal associations with FSGS were found.

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