Magister Artium - MA / My MA mini-thesis in Creative Writing is a collection of 33 poems titled Learning to Exhale. The poems are centred around a character – a black African woman who is sharing her experiences of mental illness. The poems revolve around memory, forgetting and remembering; going back to the moment when the woman realises that she is ill, understanding it from the present while working to find ways to express what bipolar disorder is and how she experiences it. The collection also highlights her search for words and meaning to describe these experiences that are highly traumatic. This is to create a language of expressing the indescribable. This means that the form and structure is experimental, combining differing styles and form to show different voices, different states of mind that swing from depression, mania to suicidal thoughts.

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<p>Despite the existence of valuable commentaries on some Classical spring poems, this area of study has been insufficiently explored. After providing a definition and a schema of the spring poem as such, this dissertation investigates, through the detailed analysis of the specific spring poems (Catullus 46; Horace Odes 1. 4, 4. 7, 4. 12; Palatine Anthology 9. 363, 10. l, 2, 4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16 and Ovid Tristia 3.12), the evolution undergone by this genre from the third century B.C. to the sixth century AD.</p> <p> The Greek spring poems form an obvious group, as their authors follow A.P. 10.1 as a model, employing its schema and some of its elements, while trying to vary and improve on the chronologically earlier poems. Distancing themselves from the Greek tradition, the Latin authors take the genre off in significant new directions, starting new trends and making major changes both in the content and tone of their poems. Defined by their thematic and generic admixture, the Latin spring poems are distinguished by a complexity, depth of thought and variety of form unkown to the Greek tradition.</p> <p>From the spring poems of the Palatine Anthology to Ovid's Tr. 3.12, the genre has known a remarkable evolution. Despite the apparent simplicity of the theme, the authors of the Classical spring poems have reached high levels of sophistication in the way they have succeeded in transforming a relatively straight forward poetic form into a complex and sophisticated genre. Since this series of poems is more than a simple literary parlour game, but constitutes a genre on its own that illustrates, through its major features - stylistic refinement, the use of the Hellenistic techniques of imitatio cum variatione and aemulatio (especially in the Greek tradition, but also in the Latin spring poems) and the blending of literacy and mythological allusions (especially in Horace's spring poems) - typical aspects of Classical poetry, the analysis undertaken in this dissertation gives the Greek and Latin spring poems the critical attention they fully deserve.</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

This is a collection of poems.

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A poem comes into the world when an obsession takes hold of a person who must write about it. These twenty-eight original poems are products of obsession and pleasure.

This thesis aims to explore the image of women in Bai Juyi’s (772-846) poetry with a narratological approach. It selects 108 of Bai’s poems about women as the research objects and divides them into two main categories: the poems written in a male voice and those written in a female voice. A total of 24 poems are examined as examples. Chapter one serves as a general introduction to the research background, providing information about the poet and the tradition of Chinese poetry. Chapter two outlines two narrative concepts, “narrator” and “focalization”. Also, it explores the image of women in the 14 example poems written in a male voice. Chapter three includes 10 example poems written in a female voice, investigating the differences between the image of women created in the male and female voices. This study finds that the use of the female voice presents the female characters’ thoughts and feelings to the reader and allows the reader to empathize with them easily. / Graduate

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