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Young people’s participation in the formulation and implementation of Ghana’s youth policyAdu-Gyamfi, Jones January 2014 (has links)
no / The African Youth Charter requires African countries to formulate and adopt an
integrated national youth policy to address youth concerns. The United Nations
Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Children’s Charter also confer
on children and young people the right to participate in matters that concern them.
Therefore in the formulation and adoption of national youth policies the perspectives
of young people need to be incorporated. This research examined how young people
participated as strategic stakeholders in the formulation of Ghana’s youth policy. The
paper presents a step-by-step analysis of the strategies used to involve young people in the formulation of the national youth policy of Ghana. Findings show that although young people had limited opportunities to participate in the formulation of the youth policy, they have been excluded from the implementation process. The paper concludes that the limited opportunities given to young people to participate in the formulation of the youth policy signifies a gradual drift towards youth engagement in the formulation of public policies in Ghana.
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The potential for water freight in the South West UKChacko, Sapna January 2018 (has links)
The role of water freight as a sustainable mode of transportation often receives special attention in logistics and transportation. Due to rising environmental concerns UK national policy supports an increase in the amount of freight movements on commercial waterways. Within this context this research investigates the potential for water freight in the South West (SW) UK especially in Cornwall and Devon (CAD). This study is exploratory and following literature searches Delphi methods were selected with which to gather primary data. The research required three rounds of Delphi surveys. Following this, a focus group with the members of the 'Maritime and Waterborne Innovation Group' in the SW UK was conducted to measure the trustworthiness of the Delphi findings. The Delphi study achieved consensus on eight statements. Results indicated that the presence of an extensive coast line with accessibility to several coastal ports is conducive to the effective management of water freight movements in the region. The focus group discussion provided fuller explanations, suggestions and statements of issues which require further exploration for the development of water freight. This study reveals the latest information and possibilities and helped to articulate the importance of using water freight in SW UK. The results of this research also have many implications for the rest of the world where water freight is either in its infancy or aiming to increase its usage. The suggestions, observations and information collected during the Delphi study and from the focus group participants will assist in formulating strategies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of water transportation within a region or a country.
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Policy formulation and decision making in the ACT technical and further education systemJolliffe, Ray, n/a January 1982 (has links)
This study attempts to trace the locus of responsibility for the
decision making associated with policy determination in the
Australian Capital Territory further education system. Generally
the study is restricted to the decade of the Seventies, during which
period the administrative organisation of the system moved from the
large, centralised New South Wales State technical education system
to a small, regional system with local control.
In chronological sequence this field study considers the content and
effect of a number of reports, files and papers generated during
this period under study, and shows the nature of influences on the
emergence and structure of the A.C.T. further education system. In
particular, the shift of responsibility for policy determination,
and executive management of the system, is followed through as a
function of the recommendations contained in the various documents
considered.
By tracing the movement of executive responsibility through the
early years of operation of the A.C.T. further education system it
is possible to detect the focus of power and influence within and
imposed upon the system, and to consider the decision-making
strategies adopted in the determination of policy. From these it is
possible to extrapolate and assess, to some extent, the stage of
evolution which has been reached and possible directions in which
"natural selection" factors may influence further developments.
This field study should provide a first step, at least, toward the
association and amalgamation of many documents which have (or should
have) significantly influenced the nature of the present A.C.T.
further education system. The study concludes with some discussion
of current issues and suggestions for further (related) research.
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Emergency preparedness planning and; policy and vulnerable populations in public schools: a literature analysisBrandon, Brook Estelle 15 July 2008 (has links)
The U.S. disability population is growing at significant rates among adults as well as youth. According to the 2000 Current Population Reports, approximately 54 million Americans about 1 in 5 - are affected by the presence of a disability stemming from birth or life incident. Demographic increases are also noted among American youth as well, with one in 166 children is diagnosed with autism - estimated 67 children each day. Consequently, there have been federal-level responses in the form of legislation, executive orders and local-level program flinding such as REMS grants - addressing various disability issues. Likewise in recent years, another critically important matter has emerged with increasing priority on the nation s policy agenda: school emergency preparedness planning. A broad spectrum of crises incidents, ranging from student-initiated assaults to natural or man-made disasters, has become a well-documented reality where schools have experienced tragic impacts sometimes as severe as mass casualties These occurrences, coupled with an expected increase in potential evacuees with special needs, demonstrate the critical need for inclusive school evacuation planning at all levels of administration that actively considers its impact on vulnerable populations. This is of particular importance to public schools today; the presence of disabled students can be deduced from U.S. Census and NOES statistics while studies conducted by Georgia Tech s Center for Assistive Technology and Environmental Access (CATEA) illustrate the presence of teachers with disabilities. As the scope of interest in this field expands, the availability of related literature becomes more prevalent as well. While disability preparedness planning in schools is briefly mentioned in some articles and reports on emergency preparedness in general, it has yet to be the sole focus of one to date. Policymakers and practitioners in preparedness planning would likely benefit by broadening to its literature scope to include research that focuses solely on analyzing policy strategies and processes used in school emergency preparedness planning for students and teachers with disabilities. Therefore, this thesis project will compile available related literature into a topology in aimotated bibliography form through the lens of disability preparedness planning and policy in public schools. The research goal is to provide a qualitative assessment of available literature in the form of a reference guide of strategies and recommendations on disability preparedness, specifically intended for public school settings. Additionally, this compilation will outline the rationale supporting a more inclusive policy and planning formulation processes that actively engage the needs students and teachers with disabilities prior to the implementation stage.
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SJUKFÖRSÄKRINGEN OCH POLITIKEN -En kvalitativ studie över styrning och politik kring sjukförsäkringenGlamsjö, Henrik, Holmberg, Marcus January 2018 (has links)
This essay is about how the government formulates its policy regarding the health insurance and how these ambitions are then translated in the steering of the Swedish Swedish Social Insurance Fund. We have formulated the following questions: ● How is government policy and governance formulated in terms of health insurance? ● How does government policy and governance differ in terms of health insurance policy during the period studied? ● How does government's policy orientation affect the overall governance they provide to the Social Insurance Fund? We also analyze whether there are differences in policy and governance and between governments that took place in 2006, 2010 and 2014. We have read political material such as election manifesto and the Prime ministers´statement of government policy and compared this with the governments appropriation directions to the Swedish Social Insurance Fund and directions in the state budget. For the analysis, we use text analysis and we have, under the results and conclusions, identified two themes that all three governments commute between: the labor theme and the security theme. Our theoretical approach is the theory formulated by Frank Baumgartner och Bryan Jones Punctuated Equilibrium. We find that although there are differences in policy depending on the government's political color, governance is relatively stable. The overall objectives of the Swedish Social Insurance Fund have only been changed once during the period we have studied. In our analysis we have a reasoning for our outcome based on our theoretical perspective.
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XiTsonga and school language policy formulation and implementation: the case of senior secondary schools in Ivory Park informal settlementBilankulu, Khensani Getrude 02 1900 (has links)
South Africa has a long history of linguistic imbalances in senior secondary schools. In the past, learners in township schools were made to use English for teaching and learning, instead of their indigenous home languages. There are 11 official home languages in South Africa.
In order to redress these past injustices in educational provision, the government developed the Language In Education Policy to work as a guideline for the formulation and implementation of school language policy in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. The government indicated that school governing bodies (SGBs) should establish language committees in an attempt to solve the language policy issues in schools and redress past inequities. However, to date there has been no common practice by school language policy developers and implementers that indicates a common understanding of this activity and recognition of the national School Language Policy documents. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)
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Financial monitoring policies of microfinance institutions in Accra : policy formulation and implementation challengesQuao, Kwami Hope January 2017 (has links)
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (Business Administration), Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017. / Although numerous articles have been published globally on microfinance (MF), essentially highlighting the need to regulate microfinance institutions (MFIs), none of these, to the knowledge of the researcher, specifically explore in profundity the formulation process of financial monitoring policies (FMPs), their implementation, and the challenges MFIs encounter in implementing these policies. The wave of distressed and failing of MFIs in Ghana and the loss of hard-earned thrift deposits of the poor, therefore demand for this investigation.
This study consequently viaducts the gap and contributes to the debate by reviewing the specific financial policies pertaining to MFIs, their formulation, implementation of such policies, and the challenges MFIs encounter relating to those policies. Also introduced into the MF research arena, is the concept of implementation theory to move knowledge frontier forward. Further, the outcome will be of particular relevance to all emerging economies who view MFls as praxis for poverty alleviation, employment creation and addressing inequality.
The study adopted a mixed research approach, with both qualitative and quantitative data gathered from a sample of 65 MFIs in Accra through a self-administered, Likert-scaled questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS version 24.0, with results presented in frequency tables, figures, correlation tables, and cross-tabulations.
The findings reveal that FMPs exist for MFIs in Ghana – Accra, particularly. However, regulation formulation is shown to be lopsided, with implementation of FMPs, and monitoring and supervision thereof, also found to be deficient. The results further indicate that using minimum capital as a tool to ensuring efficiency in the sector, is a major obstacle to overcome to create an impetus for regulatory non-compliance. Based on the findings, the research recommends consideration by policymakers and MFI monitoring units to create a semi-autonomous institution, the National Microfinance Promotion Authority, to regulate and supervise the MFIs in Ghana. It is also recommended that research focus be shifted to policy implementation regarding MF operations. / D
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The Scholar Transport Programme in the Eastern Cape : a case study of the beneficiaries at a secondary school in the Idutywa district.Mgushelo, Lisanda January 2018 (has links)
This study investigated the perceptions of the beneficiaries of a learner transport programme in the Idutywa District of the Eastern Cape. Learner transport in South Africa continues to be a challenge, especially for those in the rural areas. The Statistics South Africa General Household Survey (2016:14) reported that more than two thirds (69.8%) of learners walked to school and 83.6% of these learners needed 30 minutes or less to get to school. Many learners in the rural areas still walk long distances to access schools due to poor infrastructure and the limited number of easily accessible schools.
To understand the beneficiaries’ perceptions, a qualitative case study of a secondary school in the rural Eastern Cape village was designed. Data was collected through 47 face-to-face interviews with learners, teachers, parents, a principal as well as through a telephone interview with a government official. Additionally, observations were undertaken to gather supplementary data focusing on the geography of the village as well as the arrival and departure times of the school transport. The study draws on a social policy framework to make sense of the study findings.
Through a thematic analysis of the data, themes such as spaces of operation, learners’ travelling experiences, schooling barriers as well as unintended consequences of the learner transport programme were arrived at. Although the transport provided much needed relief, findings indicate that learners still walk to school if the transport does not pick them up as scheduled and they often do not have money for public transport. They also got to school late when they had to walk to school, there is a shortage in the number of vehicles assigned to transport them, learners also missed extra lessons due to the pick-up and departure times of the transport and there is occasional conflict amongst the learners using the learner transport. The study concludes that there needs to be an increased provision of the government learner transport, work needs to be done regarding the implementation of the Learner Transport Policy, as well as the management of the programme in rural villages such as the one that the study focused on in Eastern Cape. / Sociology / MSocSci / Unrestricted
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The monetary transmission mechanism in Sri Lanka 1977-1985. A macro simulation approach to the modelling of the money supply process and the construction of an analytical framework for monetary management.Jayamaha, Ranee January 1989 (has links)
The primary objective of this thesis is to analyse
the relationship between money and the macro-economy in Sri
Lanka between 1977 and 1985, in order to identify the paths
through which monetary policy impulses are transmitted over
this period. In doing so, - we also hope to highlight the use
of macro-simulation as a tool for the analysis of the
monetary transmission mechanism and to emphasise the importance
of formulating monetary policy within an explicit
monetary control framework. This is especially important in
Sri Lanka since monetary policy has been a key instrument
of demand management since 1977 and historically there has
been a noticeable absence of an explicit monetary control
framework.
Empirical research on the monetary transmission
mechanism has been very limited as far as developing countries
are concerned. An exception here is the SEACEN (1981)
study which simulates the effects of monetary shocks on a
number of South East Asian countries, including Sri Lanka,
using a flexible monetarist approach. Our research is based
upon a revision of the specification of this model for Sri
Lanka and a more comprehensive disaggregation of the monetary
transmission channels.
Our empirical model produces statistical results
which are generally acceptable and conform to a Priori
expectations. This model is then simulated dynamically,
both, to validate the equations in the context of a complete
model and to quantify the impact of alternative
policy scenarios relating to the monetary transmission
mechanism in Sri Lanka.
We believe that our results will help to shed light
on the nature of the monetary transmission mechanism in
developing countries as well as provide the basis for an
on-going analysis of monetary management in Sri Lanka. / Central Bank of Sri Lanka
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Strategy for viable, sustainable urban agriculture in a dynamic, urbanising societyLeech, Michael Graham 08 1900 (has links)
At Constitutional level, legislation in South Africa entrenches the provision of food and water for all its citizens. In instances where citizens are unable to provide in these basic requirements for themselves, social assistance should be provided to ensure a healthy life for all. In this regard, legislation and Town Planning ordinances and regulations are in place to ensure that built-up environments in which we live and work are healthy and safe for all. However, this study revealed that food provisioning by community gardeners is peripheral in legislation, ordinances and regulations and the practice of urban agriculture is, in many instances, in conflict with the principle of safe and healthy food for all.
Community gardeners/urban agriculturists are food farmers within the city who produce food for themselves and others without the checks and balances that are otherwise applicable to food brought into the city from outside. While food production on any piece of available land is vital for these community gardeners for their sustenance and survival, it could become a potential health hazard if no checks or testing measures are in place to ensure that the food being produced is safe for human consumption.
The study sought the views and perceptions of community gardeners, residents, Environmental Health Practitioners and Town Planners in the eThekwini Metro region with regards to community gardening/urban agriculture and its impact on food provisioning to citizens. For data collection, a one-on-one interviewing survey method was used with all four groups and results were calculated and converted to average percentages and analysed.
The results revealed that there was conflict between legislation, ordinances and regulations regarding the production of food in the built-up environment of the EThekwini Municipality. It was also revealed that there was no cohesive policy to control the production of food produced and sold by community gardeners in the study area.
The need for control measures and regulations regarding food production and sale by community gardeners was highlighted. Moreover, where ineffective or none such measures or controls exist, a transparent and consultative process involving all stakeholders must take place in order to establish up viable and sustainable control
measures. The people who will be most affected by these rules, namely the community gardeners, should be pivotal role players in the establishment of a sustainable urban agriculture policy.
Recommendations to address the problems illuminated by the study are presented. / Environmental Sciences / Ph.D. (Environmental Management)
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