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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Le dessin journalistique au service du dessein politique des Noirs aux Etats-Unis et en France (1861-1965) : moments-clés et regards croisés / Depicting the Black Population, the Political Cartoon as a Political Weapon in the United States and in France (1861-1965) : key-moments and Regards Croisés

Dzanouni, Lamia 26 November 2016 (has links)
Cette thèse porte sur l’impact du dessin de presse dans le combat des Noirs pour l’obtention de leurs droits, aux États-Unis et en France à des moments-clés entre 1861 et 1965, et ce dans une perspective d’histoire croisée. Suite à leur reddition lors de la guerre de Sécession aux Etats-Unis, les Sudistes dotèrent leur idéologie raciste d’une nouvelle arme de diffusion : le dessin de presse – atout majeur dans la victoire de l’Union. Au XX siècle, les Africains-Américains réagirent à la propagande sudiste : ème la guerre des images éclata. A la même époque, certains artistes noirs s’exilèrent en France pour mieux riposter. En effet Paris, moins hostile, facilitait leur expression artistique. Leur succès à l’étranger démontrait alors la responsabilité et la complicité des institutions américaines dans la discrimination raciale. Pourtant, l’attitude française n’était pas plus enviable vis-à-vis de ses colonies, notamment en Afrique noire. Si le racisme et la discrimination étaient clairement affichés aux Etats-Unis, il s’insinuait de manière plus pernicieuse dans la société française, dont les journaux contribuèrent très largement à cette émulation picturale. L'analyse croisée entre ces deux pays révèle des analogies singulières dans la représentation des Noirs dans les journaux de l’époque, tant dans le système ségrégationniste américain que dans l'empire colonial français. Les stéréotypes développés par la presse raciste archétypes dans l’inconscient collectif. Les partisans de s’imprégnèrent en l'émancipation y opposèrent leur image à différentes phases de leur combat – entre la guerre de Sécession et le mouvement des droits civiques d’un côté, de la France coloniale aux guerres de décolonisation de l'autre. Cette analyse de l’histoire de la presse et des illustrations se propose d’éclairer la convergence progressive des lois américaine et française aspirant à tendre vers une société sans préjugé racial. Elle souligne également l'idée que l'image est porteuse de sens, constitue un langage à part entière et a pleinement contribué, à l’époque, à construire et déconstruire les inégalités raciales. / Within the framework of Histoire croisée, this thesis focuses on the impact of press drawings, in France and in the USA, on the black population’s fight to obtain rights at key moments between 1861 and 1965. Following their surrender at the end of the US Civil War, the Confederates bolstered their racist ideology with a new ideological weapon, the political cartoon, a major asset in the Union’s victory. In the XX century, th the African Americans reacted to the confederate propaganda and a war of images ensued. Simultaneously, some black artists went into exile in France in order to fight back more adequately. France provided an ideal environment for artistic expression due to hostility against them in Paris being lower than in the USA. Their success abroad thus demonstrated the responsibility and the complicity on the part of American institutions in terms of racial discrimination. That said, the French attitude was far from admirable when it came to its colonies, particularly those of black Africa. Though racism and discrimination were clearly visible within the USA, these mindsets were insinuated more perniciously within French society, the country’s newspapers contributing substantially to this pictorial emulation. A focus on the inter-crossings between these two countries reveals unique analogies in the representation of black people in the newspapers of the time, both within the segregationist system of the USA as well as within France’s colonial empire. The stereotypes developed by the racist press pervaded the collective subconscious as archetypes. The partisans of emancipation protested against this propagation through the use of their own image in different phases of their fight – between the Civil War and the Civil Rights Movement in the United States; and from colonial France to the African independence movements. This analysis of the history of the press and of its illustrations seeks to shed light on the progressive convergence of American and French laws aiming at a society free from racial prejudice. It also underlines the idea that the image bears meaning, constituting a language in its own right, and that it plays a significant role in the construction and the deconstruction of racial inequality.
12

El lenguaje visual de la caricatura política peruana en el segundo gobierno de Alan García: El Otorongo / The visual language of peruvian political cartoons during the second government of Alan Garcia: El Otorongo

Odiaga Noriega, Rafael Fernando 05 July 2021 (has links)
El objetivo de esta investigación está centrado en conocer las principales características que construyeron el lenguaje visual de El Otorongo, durante el segundo gobierno de Alan García en los años 2006-2011 como herramienta de comunicación y crítica a la realidad del país. En este sentido, el diseño de esta investigación tiene un carácter descriptivo con un enfoque cualitativo. Los resultados están basados en el análisis de 15 portadas de este suplemento, las mismas que fueron seleccionadas a partir de las entrevistas realizadas a siete caricaturistas de El Otorongo durante el periodo delimitado. Se utilizó una ficha de análisis visual, mediante la cual se identificó que las principales figuras retóricas utilizadas fueron la metáfora y la hipérbole, acompañadas de tipos de humor como la sátira y la parodia. También se determinó la ausencia del zoomorfismo para representar a las figuras del poder y se evidenció el constante uso de herramientas visuales como la exageración de las diferentes personalidades y los rasgos físicos de los personajes representados y el repetitivo uso de elementos representativos de los partidos políticos. De esta manera se concluyó que, a pesar de la diversidad de estilos artísticos y elementos gráficos utilizados por cada autor, si existió un lenguaje visual definido implícitamente en El Otorongo, basado en el particular tono crítico, burlón y reflexivo; así como la presencia de características repetitivas como la identificación de los personajes o el uso de figuras retóricas que a lo largo de cada publicación permitían al lector decodificar los mensajes expresados por cada autor. / The aim for this investigation is focused on studying the main characteristics that constructed the visual language of El Otorongo during the second governance of Alan Garcia during the years 2006-2011; as a communication tool and criticism towards the reality of the country. In that sense, the design from this investigation has a descriptive character with a qualitative insight. The results are based on the analysis of 15 covers from this supplement, the same covers that were chosen from the interviews that were done to seven cartoonists from El Otorongo during the same time period mentioned before. A visual analysis card was used to identify the main literary devices which were the metaphor and hyperbole, accompanied by different types of humor such as satire and parody. It was also determined by the absence of zoomorphism to represent the figures of power and the constant use of visual tools that connote the different personalities, physical features and representative elements from the political parties they belong to. In this way, it was concluded that despite the diversity of the artistic styles and the graphic elements used by each author, a visual language was defined implicitly in El Otorongo, based on a critic, mocking and reflective tone; that is how the presence of repetitive characteristics such as the character identification and rhetoric figures allowed the reader to truly understand the messages expressed by each author. / Trabajo de investigación
13

El aporte de los componentes gráficos para facilitar la comprensión de las caricaturas de carácter político caso Alberto Fujimori (2016-2019) / The contribution of graphic components to facilitate the understanding of cartoons of a political nature, Alberto Fujimori case (2016-2019)

Vásquez Solsol, Dánika Lucía 07 July 2020 (has links)
En esta investigación se tiene como objetivo analizar los elementos visuales del diseño gráfico que aporten a la comprensión de las caricaturas políticas que tengan como personaje principal a Alberto Fujimori desde 2016 a 2019. Esto con la finalidad de observar cuales son los componentes recurrentes al momento de ser criticado. Por ello, se identificó los elementos visuales que logran comunicar el mensaje del caricaturista y como el público comprende este mediante la gráfica. En el cual se considera el contexto como un eje importante en el proceso de la comunicación visual. Por lo tanto, se realizó un análisis de veinte caricaturas publicadas por El Otorongo, en los años anteriormente mencionado. El análisis es del tipo documental y denotativo para cada caricatura seleccionada, asimismo se realizó veinte entrevistas a un público diverso etario para descubrir su percepción de la caricatura política y conocer sus conocimientos de los elementos visuales. Un resultado destacable es que el color ayuda al público a asimilar rápidamente de que partido se habla, así como el uso de textura para reflejar la realidad. Asimismo, consideran que poseer un conocimiento vasto de diversos personajes del universo político es relevante para captar el mensaje. Por último, Alberto Fujimori es un político que en los últimos años se encuentra en diversas controversias. Esto se debe a que Keiko y Kenji Fujimori son sus hijos que han seguido el camino político como él. / The objective of this research is to analyze the visual elements of graphic design that contribute to the understanding of political cartoons whose main character is Alberto Fujimori from 2016 to 2019. This in order to observe which are the recurring components at the time of be criticized. For this reason, the visual elements that manage to communicate the cartoonist's message and how the public understands it through graphics were identified. In which the context is considered as an important axis in the process of visual communication. Therefore, an analysis of twenty cartoons published by El Otorongo, in the aforementioned years, was carried out. The analysis is of the documentary and denotative type for each selected cartoon. Twenty interviews were also conducted with a diverse audience of ages to discover their perception of the political cartoon and learn about their knowledge of visual elements. A remarkable result is that the color helps the public to quickly assimilate what party is being talked about, as well as the use of texture to reflect reality. Likewise, they consider that having a vast knowledge of various characters in the political universe is relevant to get the message. Finally, Alberto Fujimori is a politician who has found himself in various controversies in recent years. This is because Keiko and Kenji Fujimori are his sons who have followed the political path like him. / Trabajo de investigación

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