The issue of development has generally been perceived as an economic and technical process with little or no relevance to political issues. In contrast to this general understanding, this study aims to underline that development is a complex and primarily a political process. In support of this argument, the study overviews historically the changing meanings as well as ideologies of development since the 19th century with a particular focus on the Turkish case. By doing so, it attempts to recall the idea of development primarily as a political process. In general terms, dominant paradigms of development have also been set by power and become leverage for political and economic dominance in history. In this sense, different development paradigms in history need also to be understood as political phenomena rather than simply philosophical products.

This thesis analyzes the IMF stabilization packages and how those packages may affect the development. In order to explain the applications of the Packages, Argentine case is discussed for the period of 1990&rsquo / s. By analyzing the theories behind the IMF Stabilization packages, it is aimed to explain the conditionalities, actions and results, as could be observed in Argentine case.

This thesis aims to investigate both the causes and effects of migration in the Middle East and North Africa with a view to identifying the patterns and trends that characterize migration phenomena in the region. It is argued that migration is a significant variable to understand the economic, social and political dynamics of the development that the MENA countries have experienced since imperial and/or colonial times. In its different variants, migration has been conditioned primarily by economic vicissitudes. With the exception of the Gulf states, all of the MENA countries have experienced significant levels of immigration as well as emigration especially since the 1980s when the structural effects of the oil crisis (1973) surfaced. The Iraq-Iran War of the 1980s and the Gulf War of the 1990s enhanced the existing trends of migration. In the absence of political reform and economic restructuring, the economies of the region have rejuvenated the conditions of migration. Having drawn upon sociological theories, political histories and economic analyses to identify and discuss the patterns and trends of migration, the present study argues in complete contrast to a policy-oriented Western scholarship that migration is far from being a stimulus for economic growth across the MENA countries.

This dissertation analyses the restructuring of the state and financialisation in Turkey in the post-1980 period with specific emphasis on public debt management. Turkey provides a model case of state pioneering financial deepening and intervening into the market for the socialisation of the losses of the financial sector. The dissertation argues that despite the increasing public debt ratio through 1980s and 1990s, the aim of financial deepening was persistent. The state contributed to the financialisation in the 1990s through the dominance of public securities with high yields in the market. The Treasury was a nodal point not only in the restructuring of the banking sector in the aftermath of 2001 crisis but also the insulation of economic management from political intervention. Its success is tightly related to financial markets and its restructuring presents a case of identification of public interest with the interest of financial sector. The literature on financialisation should be extended to cover the neoliberal transformation in countries labelled as &ldquo / emerging markets&rdquo / . The restructuring of the state in neoliberal era can be defined as financialisation of the state from a broader perspective. It contributed to financialisation by making the state rely on financial markets in an increasing number of policy fields.

Many researchers always consider that Taiwan government use industry policy to ¡§protect¡¨ Taiwan's automobile industry development, and the results are Taiwan's automobile industry become dependent of underdevelopment. In the research process I collected many historical data, I use ¡§historical structural analysis approach and find that the government¡¦s industry policies in fact are not always ¡§protect¡¨.

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Abstract Susan Strange who is British, female, a master and a mother of six children. This woman can be one of us but who has much rich life than anyone. She is foundation of IPE of British, and foundation of British International Studies Association (BISA), and who also is one of two non-American chairmen of American International Relations Association (ISA) in 20 century. She also visits many countries worldwide American, European, Asia and Australia areas for promote her ideas of IPE, which should be an open field for each subject of Social Science, and the research approach should be multi-value and multi-approach. Even in such busy life, Strange still published lots articles and books, and the ideas also spirit lots people who is contemporary with her or later. Strange is a representative of IPE in 20 century. Strange¡¦s Structural Power Analysis has become a framework of many IPE textbooks and her New Diplomacy also point out a new trend of Diplomacy. In the overseas, the research of her is important and popular. But in Taiwan, We can¡¦t find any research about her and her theories; even some articles may be mention about her name or her theory parts. Therefore, A research of theories of Strange is essential and important work for research circle of IPE in Taiwan. That is what this Article tries to aim at, and hope can provoke responses. So, the person, her life and authors are first thing we should know, and then her ideas of what is IPE subject. Of Course, her theories, which are Structural Power Analysis, New Diplomacy and what is hegemony and who¡¦s duty in International Society, is what the main point of this article. I regard the three main concepts of her theories are risks, structures and Values. So, this article also develop by ¡§Risk Occur¡¨ ¡÷ ¡§Structures Change¡¨ ¡÷ ¡§Values Change¡¨ ¡÷ ¡§Risk Occur¡¨.

This dissertation tests the theory that lithic raw materials were a strategic resource among the ancient Maya of Blue Creek, Belize that markedly influenced the development of socio-economic hierarchies at the site. Recent research has brought attention to the role of critical resource control as a mechanism contributing to the development of political economies among the ancient Maya. Such research has been primarily focused on the control of access to water and agricultural land. The examination of lithic raw materials as a critical economic resource is warranted as stone tools constituted a fundamental component of the ancient Maya economy. My research objectives include measuring raw material variability in the Blue Creek settlement zone and its immediate environs, assessing the amount of spatial and temporal variability present in the distribution of various raw materials, determining the degree to which proximity to a given resource influenced the relative level of its use, and testing whether differential resource access relates to variability in aggregate expressions of wealth. To meet these objectives, I examined 2136 formal stone tools and 24,944 pieces of debitage from excavations across the Blue Creek settlement zone, and I developed a lithic raw material type collection using natural outcrops. Significant spatial and temporal differences were observed in the use of various raw materials. Control of critical resources under conditions of scarcity is shown to have caused social stratification among the ancient Maya of Blue Creek. Initial disparities in use-right arrangements based on first occupancy rights produced substantial, accumulative inequality in economic capability and subsequent achievements. During the Early Classic period, these disproportionate allowances ultimately undermined the more egalitarian structure observed during the Preclassic. The Early Classic period at Blue Creek is characterized by increasing extravagance among the elites and increasing disenfranchisement throughout the hinterlands when compared to earlier periods. This suggests that elites at the site only became fully able to convert their resource monopolies into substantial gains in power, prestige, and wealth during the Classic period.

This thesis is about the provisioning of development assistance, as a major component of foreign aid. Conventional approaches to the subject have tended to focus on the determinate interactions of discrete agents as the principle units of analysis. This necessarily obscures the functional role development assistance fulfills in relation to the global politico economic order, however. This study, by contrast, properly situates individual programs of development assistance as belonging to a much larger historical pattern, or system of coordinated politico-economic behavior. The objective, therefore, is to apprehend the systematic and functional interrelations existing (i) among the various agents engaged in the transfer of assistance, on the one hand, and (ii) between these institutions and organizations as an aggregate and the global order itself, on the other. ‘Regime analysis’ is utilized as the preferred method of analysis. The basis of the argument is that the regime for the provision of development assistance functions as a regulative-control mechanism, ancillary to the prevailing economic arrangements and relations within the global political economy. Altogether, I argue that regime apparatuses have been configured so as to (i) forestall cataclysmic instabilities in the global politico economic order, and (ii) to induce compliance among developing nations to the order’s organizing principles and-or logic. This is revealed in phases in the liberalization and-or illiberalization of access to external financing over different global-historical epochs and during periods and in contexts of either instability or stability. I find that during periods and in contexts of instability, development assistance has been initiated or expanded in geo-strategic ways so as to regenerate markets and, thereby, obviate, or thwart the anticipated metastasization of adversarial politico-economic organizational frameworks. During periods and in contexts of relative stability, conversely, I find that the provision of development assistance becomes contracted, or made less expansive, as well as increasingly driven by conditionalities. Consequently, the functioning of the regime structurally conditions the developmental orientations and prospects of peripheral nations and regions and, thereby, also contributes to the overall evolution of the global politico-economic order.

For the past decade, Floridas Latino population has significantly increased and is now the third largest in the United States. The same trend has also occurred in Hillsborough County. Social and economic disparities are significant as Latinos earn less than non-Hispanic whites and many live in poverty. A major concern of this population is the lack of access to inexpensive fresh fruits and vegetables. Findings from prior research show that the diet of immigrants often change quickly upon their arrival to the United States, with an increased emphasis on fast food and soft drinks and a reduction in the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables. Changing dietary patterns among Latinos in the United States show a shift towards more processed and refined foods, which can adversely affect health over time.Project New Life, Good Health (NLGH) was a community-based program, funded by several local agencies. The project centered on providing nutrition education, health education, and a farmers market to low income Latino families, including recently arrived immigrants living in and around Tampa, Florida. The objectives of NLGH were defined in accordance with community input through a series of meetings at a church in which many Latinos attend. The overall goal of NLGH was to increase knowledge about a healthy lifestyle and improve access to low-cost fresh fruits and vegetables through the associated farmers market.Over 400 people attended the farmers markets within a six month time frame and 46 individuals were interviewed at the five farmers market events. While the data show that some newly arrived immigrants attended the farmers markets, the majority of attendees were longer term residents, which lived in the U.S. for an average of 11 years.