Signal Transduction is mediated by protein complexes whose spatial- and temporal-distribution, composition and function within cells are often regulated by different post-translational modifications (PTM). As PTMs add or subtract a specific mass difference to a protein, mass spectrometry becomes very amenable for modification analysis. These modifications have conventionally been monitored by fragmenting the modified protein or peptide by collision induced dissociation (CID) within the mass spectrometer, and then screening for the characteristic neutral fragment or fragment ion (marker ion), which is particular to the modification in question. Unfortunately, there are two major issues with respect to the traditional mass spectrometric analysis of PTMs: (1) as there are over 300 known types of modifications, the characteristic fragmentation of only a fraction of these modifications has been studied and (2) the traditional mass spectrometric approaches can only monitor these modifications sequentially, and thus comprehensive modification analysis would be unfeasible considering the breadth of PTMs. The following work aims to address these issues by (1) analyzing PTMs that have never been characterized mass spectrometrically and (2) developing a multiplexed technique for comprehensive PTM monitoring by simultaneously screening for all known characteristic fragments. With respect to the first issue, the characteristic fragmentation of lipid modifications and HNO-induced modifications was investigated. The most prevalent indicator(s) of the modification within the mass spectra are as follows: fragmentation of N-terminal myristoylated peptides produced marker ions at 240 and 268 Th, fragmentation of cysteine farnesylated peptides produced a marker ion at 205 Th and a neutral fragment of 204 Da, and fragmentation of cysteine palmitoylated peptides produced a neutral fragment of 272 Th. For HNO-induced modifications, fragmentation of the sulfinamide- and sulfinic acid-modified peptides produced a neutral fragment of 65 Da and 66 Da, respectively. With respect to the second issue, a multiplexed technique for monitoring modifications that fragment as neutral losses, termed Multiple Neutral Loss Monitoring (MNM), has been developed, successfully validated, and then shown to be the most sensitive approach for PTM analysis. MNM, combined with a second multiplexed approach, targeted Multiple Precursor Ion Monitoring, has been used to provide a comprehensive PTM analysis. / Science, Faculty of / Chemistry, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

Charla para conocer los efectos para el cierre tributario de las empresas post covid del año 2020, por la empresa Auditora Deloitte.

Charla para conocer los efectos para el cierre tributario de las empresas post covid del año 2020, por la empresa Auditora PWC.

This dissertation aims to propose an appropriate architectural intervention within a site that requires both ecological restitution and the commemoration of industrial heritage. The Johannesburg Gasworks site serves as a clear example of how the Industrial Revolution and subsequent industrial technologies have both damaged the natural environment and left blighted legacies within ever developing urban conditions.The project aims to uphold the general significance of Industrial heritage as proposed by charters such as the Nizhny Tagil charter prepared by The International Council for the Commemoration of Industrial Heritage as well as the unique heritage significance of the Gasworks site. An appropriate theoretical framework and precedents are explored that reconcile the two seemingly opposing requirements of post-industrial sites - that of commemoration and ecological restitution. In post-industrial sites scarred by water, soil and air pollution, as well as dangerous or inaccessible places, maintaining an appreciation of heritage whilst employing the various rehabilitative actions required need to be balanced to ensure both. The project undertaken forms part of four schemes proposed for the site that aim to maintain the iconic identity of the Johannesburg Gasworks by proposing ecologically sensitive industries. These industries and interventions within the site aim to bring about urban resilience, site specific environmental rehabilitation as well as integration with the surrounding urban context. The proposed project for the site draws its program from global ecological issues as well as site specific heritage factors. The aim of scripting a new layer of intervention onto the Gas Works site is to make a legible reading between the site’s history and its ecologically resilient future legacy. / Mini Dissertation MArch(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Architecture / MArch(Prof) / Unrestricted

Ce travail se propose d’interroger le sujet pris sous le joug des discours de la post-modernité, à partir de ce que nous repérons comme la désacralisation de la croyance mythique. Ce remodelage symbolique fait basculer le lien social vers une société de la technique, une techni-cité, gouvernée par de nouvelles puissances économiques GAFAtisantes. Le sujet contemporain s’assujetti ainsi aux injonctions a-surmoïques d’un Père 2.0 qui le pousse toujours davantage dans la dégringolade subjective d’une jouissance absolue et massifère. Cette nouvelle organisation sociale fait alors éclore de nouvelles représentations de la folie. C’est ce qui nous pousse à réinterroger cette notion qui éclaire l’ensemble de notre propos. La clinique contemporaine témoigne de quelques formes de résistances du sujet. Celui-ci, ayant besoin de renouveler son rapport à l’Autre, se tourne vers de nouvelles formes de spiritualités qu’il prélève dans d’autres cultures. Il espère à partir de la mise en pratiques de ces traditions pouvoir extraire un savoir sur sa propre condition. Ce faisant, il technicise ces croyances importées qui aussitôt arrachées à leur socle symbolique virent à l’imaginaire et s’assignent à la logique capitaliste. Les nouvelles pratiques qui en émergent relèvent alors d’une post-traditionnalité qui offre un compromis au sujet cherchant à se renouveler subjectivement.La post-modernité ne connaissant aucune frontière, nous mettrons ces questions en jeu dans d’autres sociétés, notamment en Amazonie, au Sénégal et au Vanuatu. Nous constaterons que la folie demeure intimement liée au désordre social et que la contamination du discours économico-techno-scientifique contemporains produit des effets au-delà de la culture occidentale. / This research proposes to question the subject taken under the yoke of the discourses of the post-modernity, from what we see as the desecration of mythic belief. This symbolic remodeling shifts the social link towards a society of technology, a “techni-cité”, governed by new « GAFA » economic powers. The contemporary subject is thus subject to the a-parametric injunctions of a Father 2.0 which pushes him ever further into the subjective tumble of an absolute and massive enjoyment and « massifere ». This new social organization then gives rise to new representations of madness. This is what drives us to re-examine this notion that sheds light on our whole subject. This new social organization then gives rise to new representations of madness. This is what drives us to re-examine this notion that sheds light on our whole subject.The contemporary clinic shows some forms of resistance of the subject. The latter, needing to renew his relationship with the Other, turns to new forms of spirituality that he takes from other cultures .He hopes from the putting into practice of these traditions to be able to extract knowledge about his own condition. In doing so he technicizes these imported beliefs, which are immediately torn from their symbolic base, turn to the imaginary and take up capitalist logic. The new practices that emerge from it are part of a post-traditionalism that offers a compromise to the subject that seeks to renew itself subjectively.Since post-modernity knows no boundaries, we will put these issues at stake in other societies, particularly in the Amazon, Senegal and Vanuatu. We will find that madness is closely linked to social disorder and that the contamination of contemporary economic-techno-scientific discourses produces effects beyond occidental culture.

Despite strong evidence supporting the existence of posttraumatic growth (PTG), some investigators question whether the construct measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) is that of perceived growth or “actual” growth. In a replication of a recent investigation, the present study sought to refine the methodology used by employing the construct of event centrality. Due to its limited sample size, the results of this analysis did not provide strong evidence in support of the hypothesis that limiting analyses to individuals rating their trauma as high in event centrality improves the ability of the PTGI to reflect “actual” growth. However, results did support the idea that investigations of PTG conducted immediately following a trauma may be more reflective of a coping process, rather than growth. Further research is warranted to investigate the role of event centrality in posttraumatic growth, and the effect of time on the progression of growth following trauma.

Reports indicate that postexercise heat loss is modulated by baroreceptor input; however, the mechanisms remain unknown. We examined the time-dependent involvement of adenosine receptors, noradrenergic transmitters, and nitric oxide (NO) in modulating baroreceptor-mediated changes in postexercise heat loss. Eight males performed two 15-min cycling bouts (85% VO2max) each followed by a 45-min recovery in the heat (35°C). Lower body positive (LBPP), negative (LBNP), or no (Control) pressure was applied in three separate sessions during the final 30-min of each recovery. Four microdialysis fibres in the forearm skin were perfused with: 1) lactated Ringer’s (Ringer’s); 2) 4mM Theophylline (inhibits adenosine receptors); 3) 10mM Bretylium (inhibits noradrenergic transmitter release); or 4) 10mM L-NAME (inhibits NO synthase). We measured cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; percentage of maximum) calculated as perfusion units divided by mean arterial pressure, and local sweat rate. Compared to Control, LBPP did not influence CVC at L-NAME, Theophylline or Bretylium during either recovery (P>0.07); however, CVC at Ringer’s was increased by ~5-8% throughout 30 min of LBPP during Recovery 1 (all P<0.02). In fact, CVC at Ringer’s was similar to Theophylline and Bretylium during LBPP. Conversely, LBNP reduced CVC at all microdialysis sites by ~7-10% in the last 15 min of Recovery 2 (all P<0.05). Local sweat rate was similar at all treatment sites as a function of pressure condition (P>0.10). We show that baroreceptor input modulates postexercise CVC to some extent via adenosine receptors, noradrenergic vasoconstriction, and NO whereas no influence was observed for postexercise sweating.

No description available.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts (Development Studies) in the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2017. / In 1994, South Africa became a more inclusive democratic state when Nelson Mandela became the first black president. This era marked a new course for a new democratic South Africa. The post-apartheid political dispensation has ushered in a prestigious opportunity for a newly democratic South Africa to reconnect with the other states in different multilateral institutions. The proliferation of Multilateralism as a strategy for states including South Africa has its merit and demerits. In this regard, South Africa has connected and reconnected with different multilateral institutions both regionally and globally. The following are some of the multilateral institutions that the country has connected and reconnected with in the aftermath of 1994. These institutions include the United Nations (UN), the African Union (AU), the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa bloc (BRICS). In connection with these relations that the country has made thus far, there have been little studies that account and juxtapose the implications and significance of these relations for South Africa. In this regard, this study attempts to do an appraisal/assessment of the reliance, significance and implications for South Africa association to these multilateral organisations. The following questions were asked in the study: How has the international objectives of South Africa fared in her interactions with the UN (Agencies); How has South Africa’s regional economic interactions via the SADC and BRICS developed since 1994; To what extent has South Africa contributed to African Union since 1994 and has its membership impacted on the country’s other multilateral drives? In order to answer the aforementioned questions, a qualitative desktop based research methodology was employed using thematic and historical analysis of secondary data. Based on the extensive literature review and thematic analysis, the study found that as much as South Africa’s multilateralism promises great advantages than disadvantages, these relations requires caution as they are critical to the future of the economy of South Africa.