Der Vortrag erläutert die Verwaltung von Geometrie- und geographischen Daten nach der OpenGIS-Spezifikation in der Datenbank PostgreSQL/PostGIS. Schwerpunkte sind Installation, geometrische Datentypen, Eingabe und einfache Abfragen, Abfrage von Objektbeziehungen, Indices und Aggregatfunktionen. Auf die Verwendung von geographischen Bezugssystemen, die Verwendung in OpenStreetMap und die Schnittstellen zu Programmiersprachen wird ebenfalls eingegangen.

Základním tématem této práce je pojetí problematiky geografických informačních systémů (GIS) z pohledu jejich využití jako komunikačního prostředku v prostředí WWW. Důraz je kladen na řešení nenáročná na náklady. Cílem práce je přinést teoretické informace nutné k uchopení problematiky, ale také poskytnout řešení konkrétního informačního systému v podmínkách realitní kanceláře podnikající na českém trhu. V první části (kapitoly 2 a 3) se práce zaměřuje na zprostředkování základních vlastností a principů GIS získaných studiem odborných materiálů. Popsány jsou jak obecné principy využití GIS, tak také některá specifika jejich nasazení v podmínkách České republiky. V druhé části (kapitoly 4 až 7) autor na základě získaných znalostí popisuje tvorbu konkrétního GIS řešení vyhovujícího definici předmětu práce. Výsledkem práce je potvrzení předpokladu, že existují a jsou široce dostupné prostředky umožňující implementaci GIS při udržení nízkých nákladů.

Der internationale Standard CityGML ist zu einer zentralen Schnittstelle für die geometrische wie semantische Beschreibung von 3D-Stadtmodellen geworden. Das Institut für Geodäsie und Geoinformationstechnik (IGG) der Technischen Universität Berlin leistet mit ihren Entwicklung der 3D City Database und der Importer/Exporter Software einen entscheidenden Beitrag die Komplexität von CityGML-Daten in einer Geodatenbank intuitiv und effizient nutzen zu können. Die Software des IGG ist Open Source, unterstützte mit Oracle Spatial (ab Version 10g) aber bisher nur ein proprietäres Datenbank Management System (DBMS). Im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit wurde eine Portierung auf die freie Datenbank-Software PostgreSQL/PostGIS vorgenommen und mit der Performanz der Oracle-Version verglichen. PostGIS gilt als eine der ausgereiftesten Geodatenbanken und wurde in diesem Jahr mit dem Release der Version 2.0 nochmals um zahlreiche Funktionen und Features (u.a. auch 3D-Unterstützung) erweitert. Die Ergebnisse des Vergleiches sowie die umfangreiche Gegenüberstellung aller verwendeten Konzepte (SQL, PL, Java) geben Aufschluss auf die Charakteristika beider räumlicher DBMS und ermöglichen einen Erkenntnisgewinn über die Projektgrenzen hinaus. / The international standard CityGML has become a key interface for describing 3D city models in a geometric and semantic manner. With the relational database schema 3D City Database and an according Importer/Exporter tool the Institute for Geodesy and Geoinformation (IGG) of the Technische Universität Berlin plays a leading role in developing concepts and tools that help to facilitate the understanding and handling of the complex CityGML data model. The software itself runs under the Open Source label but yet the only supported database management system (DBMS) is Oracle Spatial (since version 10g), which is proprietary. Within this Master's thesis the 3D City Database and the Importer/Exporter were ported to the free DBMS PostgreSQL/PostGIS and compared to the performance of the Oracle version. PostGIS is one the most sophisticated spatial database systems and was recently extended by several features (like 3D support) for the release of the version 2.0. The results of the comparison analysis as well as a detailed explanation of concepts and implementations (SQL, PL, Java) will provide insights in the characteristics of the two DBMS that go beyond the project focus.

Der Vortrag erläutert die Verwaltung von Geometrie- und geographischen Daten nach der OpenGIS-Spezifikation in der Datenbank PostgreSQL/PostGIS. Schwerpunkte sind Installation, geometrische Datentypen, Eingabe und einfache Abfragen, Abfrage von Objektbeziehungen, Indices und Aggregatfunktionen. Auf die Verwendung von geographischen Bezugssystemen, die Verwendung in OpenStreetMap und die Schnittstellen zu Programmiersprachen wird ebenfalls eingegangen.

Hantering av larm från nätverksnoder är i dagsläget en process som kräver att nätverkstekniker besöker flera olika källor av information för att dra en slutsats över vad orsaken till larmet kan vara. Genom att besöka flera olika källor av information kan det vara komplicerat att få en överblick över problemet. Studien utförs på uppdrag av Trafikverket för att underlätta arbetet för Trafikverkets nätverkstekniker på avdelningen network operations center (NOC). En webbapplikation har utvecklats för att sammanställa de vanligaste källorna som nätverkstekniker besöker. Webbapplikationen amalgamerar och presenterar information på ett sätt som bör underlätta felsökningsprocessen för nätverkstekniker. Webbapplikationen indikerar de vanligaste felorsakerna, beroende på vilken typ av larm som hanteras. Valmöjligheter vid utveckling av en webbapplikation kan göra det svårt för utvecklare att välja mjukvara. Även om mjukvara delvis sorteras ut beroende på i vilket syfte som utvecklingen sker finns fortfarande en stor mängd alternativ. Denna studie har förtydligat och bevisat att mjukvaran NodeJS, PostgreSQL och PostGIS fungerar enhetligt och är att föredra för en webbapplikation med spatiala funktioner. För att utvärdera webbapplikationen genomfördes ett användartest där nio personer, 47% av personalen på Trafikverket NOC deltog. Användartestet visar positiva resultat gällande hur väl webbapplikationen fyllde sitt syfte med att indikera möjliga orsaker för nätverkslarm samt deltagarnas upplevelse med webbapplikationen. I användartestet anser 100% av deltagarna att webbapplikationen skulle spara dem tid och de tre populäraste funktionerna var polygoner för att visa elnätägare, realtids väderdata samt en sammanställning av interna data på samma ställe. / Handling of alarms on network nodes is a process that requires network technicians to visit several sources of information before they can draw a conclusion on the reason behind the alarm. By visiting several different sources of information, it may be difficult to establish a good overview of the problem. This study is made on request by the Swedish traffic authority Trafikverket to ease the workload of the co-workers at the department network operations center (NOC). A web application has been developed to amalgamate the most common sources a network technician visits. The web application presents the amalgamated information in a way that eases the troubleshooting process for the network technicians. The web application also indicates what the most common reasons are, depending on which kind of alarm that is being handled. Due to the large availability of different software it can be difficult for a developer to choose a suitable software. Even if some are excluded based on the purpose of the development there are still many choices. This study emphasizes that the software NodeJS, PostgreSQL and PostGIS works well together and is a suitable choice when creating a web application that needs to use spatial functions. To evaluate the web application a user test was conducted were nine participants, 47% of the personnel at Trafikverket NOC participated. The result shows positive results in both how well the web application filled its purpose by indicating possible reasons for a network alarm as well as the participants experiences with the web application. In the user test 100% of the participants claim that the web application would save them time and the three most popular features were polygons of electricity distributors, real time weather data and an amalgamation of internal data in one place.

Submitted by Neusa Fagundes (neusa.fagundes@unioeste.br) on 2018-02-09T16:58:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Jefferson_Silva2017.pdf: 21962500 bytes, checksum: b5f3e1638dea54ab903a20e7e41671d6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-09T16:58:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Jefferson_Silva2017.pdf: 21962500 bytes, checksum: b5f3e1638dea54ab903a20e7e41671d6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-10 / Brazil is the fourth largest swine producer and exporter in world, with swine farming being very representative in the national scenario. This production, however, implies generation of waste and this needs to be mitigated. One of the alternatives to reduce the impact caused by pig waste is the application of anaerobic biodigestion treatment, obtaining biogas and digestate as by-products. Digestate can be used as biofertilizer, generating a new product. In this context, this work proposes to define a geographic database from different sources about the national production of swine and to estimate, supported by calculation methodology defined in activities of the BiogasFert Network, the respective production of waste and biogas. These results were provided in an web system using GeoServer map server. In addition, a methodology was defined in this work to identify areas of permanent preservation in top of hills, based on the Brazilian new forest code published since 2012, and in classes of declivity unfit for fertilizer inputs (regions with slopes greater than 45%). As result, a total of 60,879,431 km² (0,72%) of areas considered inapt for the application of fertilizers in the national territory were identified. Another objective of this work was to highlight the use of free GIS software and its processing power, since the metrics applied here were elaborated using exclusively open source software. / O Brasil é o quarto maior produtor e exportador de carne suína mundial, tendo a suinocultura uma grande representatividade no cenário agropecuário nacional. Essa produção, contudo, implica na geração de resíduos, que necessitam ser mitigados. Uma das alternativas para reduzir o impacto causado por dejetos de suínos é a aplicação de um tratamento de biodigestão anaeróbia, obtendo-se como subproduto o biogás e o digestato, o qual pode ser utilizado como biofertilizante, tornando-se não só uma forma de tratamento como também de geração de novos produtos. Neste contexto, este trabalho propôs definir uma base de dados geográfica a partir da integração de fontes distintas acerca da produção nacional de suínos e estimar, apoiado por metodologia de cálculo definida em atividades da Rede BiogásFert, a respectiva produção de dejetos e biogás. Tais resultados foram aportados em sistema web via servidor de mapas GeoServer. Além disso, define-se neste trabalho metodologia para identificar áreas de preservação permanente em topo de morro, a partir do novo código florestal veiculado desde 2012, bem como as classes de declividade inaptas ao aporte de fertilizantes (regiões com declividade superior a 45%). Como resultado, foi identificado um total de 60.879,431 km² (0,72%) de áreas consideradas inaptas à aplicação de fertilizantes no território nacional. Um outro objetivo deste trabalho foi o de evidenciar o uso de softwares SIG livres e o seu poder de processamento, visto que as metologias aqui aplicadas foram elaboradas com uso exclusivo de softwares open source.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and related applications of geospatial data were once a small software niche; today nearly all Internet and mobile users utilize some sort of mapping or location-aware software. This widespread use reaches beyond mere consumption of geodata; projects like OpenStreetMap (OSM) represent a new source of geodata production, sometimes dubbed “Volunteered Geographic Information.” The volume of geodata produced and the user demand for geodata will surely continue to grow, so the storage and query techniques for geospatial data must evolve accordingly. This thesis compares three paradigms for systems that manage vector data. Over the past few decades these methodologies have fallen in and out of favor. Today, some are considered new and experimental (distributed), others nearly forgotten (flat file), and others are the workhorse of present-day GIS (relational database). Each is well-suited to some use cases, and poorly-suited to others. This thesis investigates exemplars of each paradigm.

The thesis deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of implementation of Business Intelligence in a field of geo-location data with emphasis on the design and implementation of data architecture and the development of dynamic dashboards. The whole issue is described on the development of a tool for the analysis of geo-location data, on which the author participated with other members of the Competence Center Retail Analytics - Ondrej Funiok, Vilem Kalus and Martin Matejka. The first part of the thesis describes the theoretical bases of Business and Location Intelligence, which is followed by a description of the basic tasks of working with geo-location data - data storage in relational database management systems, data processing by map servers and data presentation. Individual tasks are described with practical examples and use software tools to support these tasks. The next section presents the project of development tool for the analysis of geo-location data that is created in the Retail Analytics Competence Center at the University of Economics, Prague. The second part of the thesis describes the design and implementation of the data architecture of developed tool, which is followed by a description of the frontend portion of the tool consisting of the implementation of a library for creating dynamic Dashboards to present geo-location data.

Until recently, transit data lacked a common data format that could be used to share and integrate information among multiple agencies. In 2005, however, Google worked with Tri-Met in Oregon to create the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS), an open data format now used by all transit agencies that participate in Google Maps. GTFS feeds contain data for scheduled transit service including stop and route locations, schedules and fare information. The broad adoption of GTFS by transit agencies has made it a de facto standard. Those agencies using it are able to participate in a host of traveler services designed for GTFS, most notably transit trip planners. Still, analysts have not widely used GTFS as a data source for transit planning because of the newness of the technology. The objectives of this project are to demonstrate that GTFS feeds are an efficient data source for calculating key transit service metrics and to evaluate the validity of GTFS feeds as a data source. To demonstrate GTFS feeds’ analytic potential, the author created a tool called GTFS Reader, which imports GTFS feeds into a database using open-source products. GTFS Reader also includes a series of queries that calculate metrics like headways, route lengths and stop-spacing. To evaluate the validity of GTFS feeds, annual vehicle revenue miles and hours from the National Transit Database (NTD) are compared to the calculated values from agencies whose GTFS feeds are available. The key finding of this work is that well-formed GTFS feeds are an accurate representation of transit networks and that the method of aggregation presented in this research can be used to effectively and efficiently calculate metrics for transit agencies. The daily aggregation method is more accurate than the weekly aggregation method, both introduced in this thesis, but practical limitations on processing time favor the weekly method. The reliability of GTFS feed data for smaller agencies is less conclusive than that of larger agencies because of discrepancies found in smaller agencies when their GTFS-generated metrics were compared to those in the NTD. This research will be of particular interest to transit and policy analysts, researchers and transit planners.

The primary object of the master thesis is creating escape route analysis in 3D model of a building. Analysis is created using mainly open source tools like PostgreSQL with PostGIS and pgRouting extensions.